;    '       <{«1H« 


c 


HISTORY 


OF    THE 


FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    IO.f 


(VOLUNTEERS.) 


BY 

SERGEANT  E.  J.  HART, 

COMPANY  "  E,"  40TH  REGIMENT  ILL.  VOL.  INF. 


CINCINNATI: 

PUBLISHED  BY  H.  S.  BOSWORTH, 
1864. 


H3 


PREFACE. 


MANY  are  the  citizens  of  Southern  Illinois,  who  have  dear 
friends  and  loved  relatives  in  the  Fortieth  Illinois  Volunteer  In 
fantry  ;  who,  no  doubt,  would  be  pleased  to  read  a  plainly  written 
volume,  containing  a  complete  history  of  the  Regiment  in  which 
their  fathers,  brothers  or  friends  did  service  in  the  glorious  cause 
of  maintaining  our  beloved  Government  in  this  her  darkest  hour 
of  peril. 

And,  in  after  years,  when  pence  will  have  perched  on  our 
loved  tri-colored  banner,  it  will  afford  the  greatest  delight  to  the 
weary  old  soldier  and  patriot  to  peruse  the  pages  upon  which 
are  written  the  many  transactions  of  the  old  Fortieth,  or  the 
Regiment  with  which  they  have  fought,  labored  and  suffered. 
To  meet  the  two  above-mentioned  demands,  the  humble  Author 
has  prepared  a  small  book  which,  though  common  in  its  preten 
sions,  will,  he  trusts,  be  of  some  interest  to  all,  and  meet  the 
cordial  approbation  of  a  liberal  public.  He  will  not  attempt 
writing  this  volume  in  a  fancy  style,  or  an  able  manner,  as  he  is 
not  an  experienced  writer,  and  has  no  favorable  opportunities, 
even  if  he  had  the  ability,  of  learned  writers.  The  gifted  pens 
of  the  great  and  learned  historians  of  the  land  are  busily  en 
gaged  in  writing  the  thrilling  history  of  the  dreadful  Rebellion 
which  has  befallen  our  once  happy  land,  and  the  pages  of  said 
history  will  be  perused  with  eager  interest;  yet,  they  will  only 
give  the  accounts  of  great  battles,  or  of  wondrous  military  opera 
tions,  and  sketches  of  the  life  and  daring  adventures  of  the  noble 
and  gallant  leaders,  who  so  bravely  led  the  patriotic  defenders 
of  our  country  to  victory  or  death  ! 

But  in  the  following  pages  will  be  written  the  actions  of  the 
noble  little  band  under  the  title  of  the  Fortieth  Illinois,  led  by 
the  gallant  Hicks,  who  organized  them,  into  a  regiment,  and 
brought  them  into  the  United  States  service  on  the  4th  day  of 
August,  A.  D.  1861. 

The  writer,  having  been  with  the  Regiment  from  the  time  of 
its  organization  to  the  present  date,  feels  confident  he  can  give 
a  true  and  exact  statement  of  all  that  has  transpired;  which 
will,  he  hopes,  be  both  useful  and  interesting  to  the  soldiers  who 


4  PKEFACE. 

have  been  with  us,  or  to  any  of  their  friends  who  may  desire  in 
formation  of  their  soldier  friends  in  the  old  Fortieth  Illinois. 

First,  Will  be  given  the  entire  original  strength  of  each  com 
pany,  where  it  was  organized  and  by  whom  it  was  enrolled ;  also 
the  number  of  men  and  officers  killed  in  action  or  died  of  wounds, 
and  of  those  who  died  of  disease,  from  the  time  of  enlistment  to 
the  present  time. 

Second,  The  number  of  farmers  or  men  having  other  occupa 
tions  in  each  company — and  the  number  of  men,  married  or  sin 
gle.  This  will  render  the  work  quite  useful  for  future  reference. 
All  the  reports  given  arc  selected  from  the  company  records  with 
the  greatest  care,  and  may  be  depended  upon  as  being  just  and 
accurate. 

Third,  Will  be  a  discription  of  the  commissioned  officers  of 
each  company  in  this  manner  :  Their  place  of  residence — their 
profession — their  place  of  nativity,  with  a  general  description  ot 
their  personal  appearance  and  their  conduct  in  the  army.  If 
discharged,  —  where  and  why — if  promoted,  to  what  position, 
and  at  what  time. 

Fourth,  After  giving  a  minute  description  of  all  the  companies  as 
above,  he  will  write  of  the  consolidation  of  all  into  the  Regiment, 
giving  a  general  description  of  the  men  and  officers  belonging  to 
it.  Then  will  be  given  a  complete  account  of  every  march  which 
the  Regiment  has  made ;  the  distance  marched,  and  the  time  of 
camping,  with  a  minute  descriptionof  each  encampment,  while 
garrisoned,  what  the  duties  were  that  all  had  to  perform,  and 
how  the  time  was  mostly  spent,  and  the  length  of  time  we  were 
garrisoned. 

An  account  of  the  operations  of  the  Regiment  in  the  memora 
ble  battle  of  Shiloh,  Tennessee,  on  the  6th  and  7th  April,  where 
its  brave  commander  fell  seriously  wounded  while  shouting, 
"Come  on,  my  good^oys,"  in  that  dreadful  charge,  where  so 
many  of  our  brave  boys  fell.  Then,  an  account  of  the  sufferings 
and  final  recovery  rof  Colonel  Hicks;  his  honorable  dismissal 
from  the  service,  and  reinstatement  by  the  War  Department. 
Our  operations,  while  the  Army  of  the  West  was  laying  seige  to 
Corinth,  Mississippi,  commencing  on  the  1st  of  May,  1862,  and 
our  summer  campaign  through  Tennessee,  and  final  arrival  and 
encampment  at  Fort  Pickering,  Memphis,  Tennessee,  on  the  21st 
July,  1862.  Then,  a  perfect  account  of  the  campaign  through 
Mississippi,  commencing  on  the  26th  day  of  November,  1862  ;  also 
of  the  transfer  to  the  Army  of  the  Mississippi,  or  the  Fifteenth 
Corps,  and  the  campaign  in  the  vicinity  of  Vicksburg  and  Jack- 


FKEFACE.  5 

son.  Then,  of  the  return  to  Tennessee,  and  the  loner  and  hard 
campaign  in  the  neighborhood  of  Chattanooga  and  Knoxville, 
embracing  the  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  on  the  25th  day  of  No 
vember,  1863. 

Finally,  the  encampment  at  Scottsboro',  Alabama,  and  the  re- 
enlistment  in  the  Veteran  Corps.  Every  effort  will  be  made  to 
make  the  little  book  useful  and  interesting  to  every  one.  And, 
kind  readers,  you  will  please  bear  in  mind,  while  perusing  the 
following  pages  that  the  humble  Author  is  only  a  common  soldier 
of  the  Fortieth  Regiment ;  that  while  preparing  this  he  is  per 
forming  the  arduous  duties  of  a  soldier.  He  hopes  the  public 
will  not  view 

''It  with  a  critic's  eye, 
But  will  pass  its  unavoidable  imperfections  by." 

THE  AUTHOR, 


NOTES    OF    APPROBATION    FROM    OFFICERS    OF    THE     FORTIETH    ILLINOIS 
INFANTRY. 

Having  perused  the  preface  of  the  "History,"  1  am  highly 
gratified  that  such  a  work  has  been  undertaken  ;  which,  if  carried 
to  a  successful  completion,  will  be  a  work  of  interest  to  the  mem 
bers  of  the  Fortieth,  and  their  friends,  who  so  nobly  gave  their 
fathers,  husbands,  brothers  and  sons  to  their  country's  cause. 

The  plan  is  somewhat  extensive,  but  each  point  embraces  items 
of  interest  necessary  to  make  the  work  complete. 

Such  a  history  will  be  of  general  interest,  and  I  trust  will  be 
favorably  received  by  the  public.  That  it  may  both  pecuniarily 
and  honorably  reward  the  genius  of  the  young  man  that  has  de 
vised,  and  that  I  trust  will  carry  the  scheme  into  successful  com 
pletion,  I  pledge  myself  to  be  of  any  service  to  the  Author  I  pos 
sibly  can.  Respectfully, 

R,  H.  MASSEY, 
Chaplain  40th  Illinois  Vol.  Inf. 

With  great  pleasure  T  have  examined  the  preface  to  the  pro 
posed  "  History,"  and  am  highly  gratified  that  a  work  has  been 
undertaken  which  will  be  read  with  such  deep  interest  by  the 
friends  of  our  country;  and  more  especially  by  those  that 
have  had,  and  now  have,  near  and  dear  friends  in  the  Fortieth 
Regiment. 

Such  a  work  will  be  a  treasure  to  those  who  have  lost  their 
cherished  friends  while  fighting  with  us  for  our  country ;  and  it 


0  PREFACE. 

is  due  the  sacred  memory  of  the  dead,  and  a  reward  to  the  Jiving 
members  of  the  gallant  Fortieth. 

I  am  proud  the  arduous  task  has  been  undertaken  by  one  that 

1  have  every  confidence  in  preparing  the  work  with  justice  to  the 
cause  and  honor  to  himself.     I  hope  it  will  be  received  by  a  gen 
erous  public  in  such  a  manner  as  to  amply  reward  the  young 
Author  for  his  labors.  DANIEL  N.  ULM, 

Capt.  Comdg.  Co.  "  E"  40th  Ills.  Inf. 


Feeling  it  to  be  my  bounden  duty,  as  well  as  a  great  pleasure, 
I  return  my  sincere  thanks  to  those  of  may  friends  in  the  Regiment 
who  have  materially  aided  me  in  the  preparation  of  this  work. 
My  young  friend,  James  A.  Baivd,  of  Company  "  E,"  Fortieth 
Illinois,  a  man  of  great  moral  worth,  and  of  no  ordinary  abilities, 
labored  with  me  in  the  hard  task,  and  is  worthy  the  grateful  re 
membrance  by  the  careful  readers  of  the  book. 

Many  of  the  officers  have  given  much  encouragement,  for 
which  they  have  the  best  wishes  of  their  fellow-soldier.  Also, 
the  Orderly  Sergeants  of  the  different  Companies  have  kindly 
furnished  any  historical  facts  that  were  necessary  from  the 
records  in  their  possession,  for  which  kindnesses  the  Author  feels 
himself  under  lasting  obligations. 

E.  J.  HART. 


HISTORY 


OF    THE 


FORTIETH  ILLINOIS  VOL.  INF. 


CHAPTER  I. 

Hicks'  Labor  and  Success — Arrival  and  Rendezvous  at  Sandoval,  Illi 
nois — Arrival  and  Encampment  at  Clear  Lake. 

ABOUT  the  first  day  of  May,  1861,  Stephen  G.  Hicks, 
a  lawyer  of  Salem,  Marion  county,  Illinois,  commenced 
laboring  for  the  purpose  of  raising  a  body  of  men  for 
the  military  service  of  the  United  States.  The  public 
mind  had  become  very  much  excited,  in  consequence 
of  the  seeming  near  approach  of  the  outburst  of  re 
bellion  ;  and  all  were  ready  to  rush  to  arms  to  rescue 
our  loved  Government  from  dissolution  and  ruin.  The 
persevering  and  determined  Hicks,  by  his  masterly 
eloquence  and  earnest  appeals  in  behalf  of  our  once 
happy  country,  experienced  no  difficulty  in  procuring 
a  sufficient  number  of  men  to  form  a  complete  regi 
ment. 

But  many  were  so  impatient  for  the  order,  forward 
march,  that  they  abandoned  the  one  they  had  chosen 
first  for  leader  and  attached  themselves  to  other  regi 
ments  which  had  been  already  accepted  and  were  then 
on  their  way  to  take  the  field.  In  this  manner,  seve 
ral  companies  which  he  had  been  instrumental  in  or 
ganizing  and  which  he  hoped  to  be  able  to  form  into 
his  proposed  regiment  were  taken  from  him.  De- 


8     ,    t     .FORTIETH  ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTKY. 


termined  tiot  to  'be  baffle  1  in  his  intentions  to  learl  a 
regiment  of  men  into  the  field,  he  immediately  com 
menced  a  rigid  canvassing  through  the  surrounding 
country.  lie  addressed  large  and  enthusiastic  assem 
blies,  on  the  subject  of  the  distracted  condition  of  our 
country  and  the  importance  of  the  prompt  and  imme 
diate  action  of  all  truly  loyal  citizens  for  her  salvation. 
Such  meetings  were  hell  by  him  in  the  counties  of 
Clay,  Wayne,  Franklin,  Hamilton,  Marion  and  White  ; 
and  by  them  succeeded  in  organizing  companies  and 
personally  endeavored  to  have  them  properly  officered 
by  good,  reliable  and  efficient  men,  as  it  was  his  in 
tention  to  take  the  best  men  into  the  service  that  Illi 
nois  had  yet  sent ;  and  which  he  intended  making  the 
Egyptian  regiment.  About  the  last  of  May,  the  re 
quired  number  of  men  was  reported  to  him,  ready 
to  meet  his  orders  to  rendezvous  at  any  time. 

He  immediately  informed  Governor  Yates  that  he 
had  a  regiment  of  men  ready  to  enter  the  service  and 
wished  to  be  received  at  once.  Governor  Yates  soon 
replied  that  he  had  already  furnished  the  Secretary  of 
War  the  full  quota  of  troops  from  his  State ;  and  that 
under  no  consideration  could  he  accept  more.  Hicks 
then  addressed  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  ullou. 
Simon  Cameron,"  begging  him  to  receive  his  regi 
ment  at  once — stating  that  he  had  as  good  a  body  of 
men  as  ever  was  taken  into  the  service,  which  he  very 
much  desired  to  lead  against  the  rebellious  foe. 
"  Cameron  "  soon  replied  that  it  was  impossible  for 
him  to  admit  any  more  troops  from  Illinois  as  he  had 
already  accepted  more  than  her  quota.  Hicks  resolved 
to  hold  his  men  in  readiness,  feeling  assured  that  the 
executive  authorities  were  underrating  the  strength 
of  the  rebellion,  and  that  the  Government  would  soon 
need  more  troops  to  effectually  crush  out  the  gigantic 
monster  of  treason  and  infamy;  and  that  he  would 


HICKS      LABOR    TO    ORGANIZE    A    REGIMENT. 

stand  at  the  hear!  of  the  list  of  applicants  and  thereby  se 
cure  an  early  admission.  His  subordinate  officers  im 
patient  to  be  off,  visited  him  continually  at  his  resi 
dence,  to  see  if  there  was  any  possible  chance  for  them 
to  be  allowed  to  enter  the  field  ;  but  he  advised  them 
to  keep  their  men  in  readiness,  be  patient  and  that  in 
course  of  time  they  would  undoubtedly  have  an  oppor 
tunity  of  engaging  in  the  work  they  seemed  to  so 
much  desire.  All  companies  throughout  the  country 
were  busy  drilling  and  making  speedy  preparations  to 
perform  military  duty,  while  their  commanders  kept 
up  communication  with  their  commanding  officer 
(Hicks),  informing  him  of  the  condition  of  their  re 
spective  companies,  and  he  in. turn  rendering  them  all 
necessary  instruction  and  encouragement ;  still  assur 
ing  them  that  in  a  short  time  they  would  be  permitted 
to  join  our  noble  army,  and  with  it  share  the  sorrows 
of  a  soldiers'  life,  and  with  it  strive  to  gain  a  share  of 
the  imperishable  honor  of  maintaining  our  glorious 
Government  and  saving  it  from  utter  destruction.  In 
the  meantime,  the  industrious  and  enterprising  citizens, 
who  were  preparing  to  become  soldiers  were  following 
their  daily  vocations,  excepting  on  stated  days  ap 
pointed  for  drilling,  at  which  time  they  would  meet  at 
some  central  location  for  military  instruction. 

These  meetings  were  considered  quite  pleasing  and 
interesting  to  both  sexes  ;  as  on  drill  days  large  crowds 
of  smiling  girls  and  aged  matrons  would  witness  with 
great  attention  and  interest  the  operations  of  their 
friends  in  the  new  company  drill.  And  all  seemed 
well  pleased  and  even  proud  to  behold  their  loved  com 
panions  u  in  line  "  promptly  stepping  to  the  tap  of 
martial  music,  and  carrying  the  dear  old  stars  and 
stripes,  thereby  evincing  their  attachment  to  their  coun 
try,  and  their  determination  to  protect  it  against  the 
cruel  ravages  of  rebellion.  Such  gatherings  very 


10  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

much  augmented  the  already  swelling  tide  of  patriotic 
enthusiasm  which  flowed  through  the  public  mind. 

On  the  22d  July,  1861,  our  army,  under  command 
of  Gen.  McDowell,  met  with  a  disastrous  defeat  at  Bull 
Run,  where  many  of  our  dear  countrymen  fell — 
among  the  first  victims  to  the  cursed  principles  of  trea 
son  and  rebellion.  Here  our  gallant  army  met,  for  the 
first  time,  a  sad  and  desperate  disaster,  which  caused 
the  entire  nation  to  mourn,  not  only  for  lost  friends, 
but  in  consequence  of  the  sad  condition  of  our  once 
happy  land.  But  after  mature  consideration  the  pub 
lic  heart  swelling  with  a  pure  devotion  to  the  principles 
of  national  Union,  resolved  to  do  or  die  for  the  perpet 
uation  of  the  Government  which  they  had  been  taught 
to  love  and  respect  from  infancy.  In  this  firm  resolu 
tion  was  embodied  the  important  fact,  that  the  people 
of  the  United  States  yet  had  a  government  for  which 
to  strive,  and  for  which  they  would  cheerfully  sacrifice 
their  lives  and  everything  they  held  near  and  dear  on 
earth.  f 

On  the  24th  day  of  July,  Hicks  telegraphed  to  the 
Secretary  of  War  that  he  still  had  his  regiment  in  per 
fect  readiness  for  the  service  and  wished  to  be  admit 
ted  immediately.  And  on  the  25th  of  July,  the  Sec 
retary  accepted  his  regiment  and  telegraphed  to  him  to 
report  to  Gov.  Yates  for  further  instructions.  Thus  the 
Fortieth  was  accepted  by  the  Secretary  of  War  in  ad 
vance  of  the  call  by  Congress  for  four  hundred  thou 
sand  troops,  and  were  to  take  the  field  as  soon  as  the 
executive  authorities  made  the  proposed  call  a  law. 
Accordingly  Hicks  visited  the  Governor,  at  Springfield, 
and  reported  his  acceptance,  and  also  made  all  neces 
sary  preparations  for  camping,  etc. 

He  received  orders  to  go  into  camp,  at  Clear  Lake, 
near  Springfield,  on  the  6th  of  August.  He  then 
went  to  St.  Louis  and  engaged  transportation  of  the 


PARTING    SCENES    AND    FINAL    DEPARTURE.  11 

President  of  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  railroad,  for  his 
regiment  to  Sandoval  ;  when  he  returned  to  his  resi 
dence  and  issued  orders  to  the  respective  company 
commanders  to  rendezvous  their  companies  at  Sando- 
val,  on  the  morning  of  the  5th  of  August.  Those  or 
ders  were  received  at  the  headquarters  of  the  different 
companies  by  the  commanding  officers,  who  at  once  in 
formed  their  men,  who  were  busy  in  their  rural  em 
ployments,  to  meet  at  their  usual  drilling  posts  on  the 
morning  of  the  4th  of  August,  from  whence  they 
would  march  to  the  railroad.  This  was  by  far  the 
most  pleasant  march  we  ever  made — it  is  true  we  were 
going  from  our  dear  homes,  yet  many  of  our  loved 
friends  accompanied  us ;  and  we  had  neither  knap 
sack,  nor  gun  to  carry  u  and  got  to  ride  in  the  wagon  " 
besides,  with  plenty  of  good  rations,  and  in  company 
with  many  charming  girls  or  with  loved  companions  or 
those  ivhom  our  different  conditions  made  most  desirable. 
It  may  be  advisable  to  occupy  a  small  space  in  giving 
an  account  of  that  long  to  be  remembered  parting  day, 
which  all  who  were  called  upon  to  witness,  remember 
with  feelings  of  the  deepest  and  teriderest  emotion. 
On  that  eventful  separation  day,  mothers,  prompted  by 
an  ardent  love  for  the  glorious  principles  of  national 
Union,  gave  up  their  dear  and  hopeful  sons  to  suffer, 
and  if  needs  be  to  die  as  a  noble  sacrifice  for  their 
country.  Many  kind-hearted  wives  wished  their  hus 
bands  God-speed  in  their  perilous  undertaking  as  they 
bade  them  a  long  farewell.  The  gay,  dashing  young 
gent  or  lady  who  never  was  seen  to  wipe  away  a  tear, 
or  whose  blight  countenances  were  never  marked  by  a 
single  ray  of  trouble,  on  that  sad  morning  strove  to  hide 
the  true  emotions  of  the  heart  with  smiles,  only  par 
tially  concealing  the  mingled  feelings  of  sorrow  and 
fear.  Yet  the  good,  and  true,  and  patriotic  girl  boldly 
bade  her  true  hearted  lover,  "  go  and  bravely  plant 


FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

our  nation's  proud  standard  on  the  soil  of  the  rebellious 

foe,  and  our  kindest  wishes  will  follow  you while  we 

will  earnestly  invoke  the  divine  blessing  of  God  in 
your  behalf."  To  show  the  devotion  of  the  ladies  to 
our  country's  cause,  I  will  relate  an  incident  which  oc 
curred  at  Jeffersonville,  Wayne  county.  The  young 
ladies  of  that  place  made  a  neat  flag,  and,  in  the  pres 
ence  of  a  large  audience,  presented  it  to  the  company, 
when  one  of  their  number,  Miss  Mary  A.  More,  read 
a  patriotic  and  interesting  address  to  the  soldier  boys 
in  which  she  made  an  earnest  appeal  to  them  "  never 
to  bring  disgrace  on  the  dear  old  flag,  but  ever  defend 
it  against  the  cruel  wiles  of  the  treacherous  foe,  and  to 
place  it  in  triumph  and  honor  on  the  battlements  of 
every  rebel  stronghold  which  might  chance  to  come  in 
their  way."  This  young  lady  did  honor  to  the  inter 
esting  occasion,  and  will  ever  be  remembered  by  those 
to  whom  she  spoke,  with  kindest  feelings  of  regard 
and  respect. 

Sunday  morning  the  4th,  the  Fail-field  company, 
Capt.  Hooper,  the  Mount  Erie  and  Jeffersonville  com 
pany,  Capt.  Ulm,  and  the  Burnt  Prairie  company, 
Capt.  E.  Stuarts,  all  met  at  Ensley's  Point,  on  Indian 
Prairie,  with  a  large  concourse  of  people  where  they 
enjoyed  a  fine  time  indeed.  After  many  good  Union 
speeches  and  various  demonstrations,  the  citizens  of 
that  vicinity  kindly  invited  all  hands  to  pitch  into 
a  fine  dinner  which  was  neatly  prepared  and  tastefully 
placed  on  a  table,  about  two  hundred  yards  in  length, 
that  was  stretched  out  through  a  beautiful  and  pleasant 
grove.  Here  the  soldier  boys  were  served  first,  yet 
there  was  an  abundance  for  all,  and  there  was  a  great 
consumption  of  fowls,  cakes  and  pies.  All  honor  is  due 
the  liberal  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  that  community 
for  the  hospitable  manner  in  which  they  treated  the 
boys  who  had  just  enlisted,  and  I  assure  them  they 


PUBLIC    DINJSfEK — MARCH    TO    FLOIIA.  13 

have  the  sincere  thanks  of  all  who  partook  of  the 
bountiful  meal  which  they  prepared. 

After  spending  the  forenoon  quite  agreeably  in  this 
pleasant  grove,  the  entire  procession  consisting  of 
many  carriages,  horsemen,  etc.,  moved  off  with  ban 
ners  flying  and  with  the  prairie  breezes  wafting  many 
gentle  strains  of  some  national  air  up  the  prairie  to 
ward  the  railroad,  a -distance  of  six  miles.  In  the  af 
ternoon,  the  New  Baltimore  company,  Capt.  Scott, 
joined  us  on  our  way  to  the  road,  which  made  four 
companies  in  our  procession,  that  were  marching  on 
to  Flora,  where  wo  arrived  about  five  o'clock  in  the 
evening.  The  courteous  proprietor  of  the  hotel,  Mr. 
Majors,  prepared  a  fine  supper  for  us,  which  we  eat 
with  great  satisfaction.  Here  we  remained  over  the 
night,  as  we  were  not  to  leave  this  place  until  next 
morning ;  and  we  quartered  ourselves  in  various 
places  in  the  village — wherever  it  was  most  convenient. 
By  these  means  we  did  quite  well  for  our  first  night's 
soldiering.  Morning  at  length  came,  and  at  its  first 
dawn  all  soldiers  were  astir  attending  roll  call,  and 
procuring  their,  breakfast  where  they  supped  the  pre 
vious  evening.  Early,  a  large  crowd  assembled  eager 
to  see  the  find  departure.  Soon  the  shrill  whistle  of 
a  locomotive  coining  from  the  east  announced  the  arri 
val  of  the  train  on  which  the  companies  were  to  em 
bark.  The  assembly  now  crowded  around  the  platform 
while  the  wildest  enthusiasm  prevailed  throughout ; 
and  as  the  train  came  up  to  the  platform,  the  crowd 
caught  sight  of  quite  a  number  of  large  siege  guns, 
the  first  that  many  of  the  bystanders  had  ever  seen. 

The  sight  of  those  warlike  weapons  of  death  and 
destruction,  greatly  increased  the  heated  imagina 
tion  of  the  assembly,  to  which  they  g?ve  free  vent 
by  vociferous  shouts  and  hurrahs.  Quiet  again  being 
partially  restored,  the  companies  all  got  on  board  the 


14:  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

train,  where  they  remained  a  few  moments,  while  many 
friends  gave  the  farewell  hand  through  the  car  win 
dows — and  a  band  of  young  ladies  sang  a  beautiful 
song,  the  chorus  of  which  was  as  follows  : 

"  Here  are  three  cheers  for  the  volunteers, 

With  traitors  no  communion  ; 
For  the  flag  of  the  brave  shall  ever  wave 
-^O'er  Liberty  and  Union." 

All. being  now  ready,  the  cars  moved  forward,  and 
here  we  witnessed  the  most  exciting  scene  ever  beheld 
in  our  lives ;  language  fails  to  describe  the  excitement 
at  that  particular  moment.  Hundreds  of  parents,  bro 
thers,  sisters  and  friends  mingled  their  voices  in  the 
tremendous  shouts  for  the  Union,  as  their  loved  ones 
were  starting  from  their  happy  homes  to  meet  the 
traitors  to  our  country.  Aged  fathers,  with  streaming 
eyes,  cheered  their  sons  as  they  were  just  entering  on 
their  toilsome  and  perilous  duties;  and  the  determined 
soldier  boys  returned  the  glorious- shouts  for  freedom 
and  union,  with  the  most  expressive  affirmations  of 
patriotism  and  determination.  Five  companies  were 
then  with  us;  the  four  companies  which  embarked  at 
Flora,  with  the  Clay  City  company,  Capt.  More's, 
which  took  the  cars  at  Clay  City.  The  excitement  and 
interest  did  not  cease  on  board  the  cars  among  the 
soldier  boys,  as  all  seemed  willing  to  do  anything  to 
render  the  trip  as  pleasant  as  possible.  So  there  were 
many  beautiful  songs  sung,  and  pleasing  anecdotes  re 
lated,  with  many  different  ways  of  producing  mirth  and 
keeping  up  our  spirits  without  the  aid  of  intoxicating 
spirits,  which  was  strictly  forbidden.  The  scene  was 
soon  to  be  changed,  however,  for  after  a  few  miles  run 
we  came  toXenia,  where  the  Mount  Carmel  and  Xeuia 
company,  Capt.  Hoskinson's,  wras  waiting  to  join  us  ; 
and  when  the  cars  arrived,  a  scene  ensued  similar  to 
the  one  which  I  have  just  attempted  to  describe. 


TEIP    FROM    FLORA    TO    SANDOVAL.  15 

Those  who  were  on  the  train  met  the  company  that 
was  on  the  platform  with  welcoming  shouts  and  cheers, 
causing  all  to  forget  for  a  time  their  feelings  of  sadness 
caused  by  the  departure  from  home,  and  to  mingle 
their  voices  in  giving  many  shouts  for  the  flag  of  our 
Union. 

The  cars  now  moved  on  to  Salem,  a  distance  of 
eighteen  miles ;  when  we  reached  that  place,  the  Ham 
ilton  county  company,  Capt.  Hall's,  with  a  part  of  the 
Salem  and  Vandal ia  company,  Capt.  S.  Stuart's,  were 
in  waiting  for  us,  and  soon  were  on  the  train,  when  in 
the  usual  manner  we  again  started  on  amidst  the  united 
shouts  of  many  kind  and  ardent  friends,  and  passed  on 
to  the  village,  which  was  our  place  of  rendezvous, 

At  Salem  our  proposed  Colonel,  S.  G.  Hicks,  whom 
every  one  regarded  as  the  father  of  our  new  regiment, 
took  the  cars,  and  with  his  old,  rusty,  Mexico  saber  in 
hand  passed  through  the  entire  train,  which  produced 
quite  a  sensation  on  all  those  present.  We  arrived  at 
Saodoval  about  10  o'clock,  A.  M.,  where  we  met  the 
Kinmundy  company,  Capt.  Booth's,  and  a  part  of  the 
Salem  and  Yandalia  company.  Here  we  alighted  from 
the  cars,  and  found  all  the  houses  of  public  entertain 
ment  were  busily  preparing  to  give  us  a  good  dinner. 
By  the  time  the  meal  was  ready  lor  us,  we  were  quite 
willing  to  partake,  and  needed  no  second  invitation  to 
march  to  the  tables,  on  which  were  spread  an  unusual 
variety  and  abundance  of  the  refreshments  of  life.  We 
inarched  to  the  tables  in  two  ranks,  one  company  on 
each  side. 

When  the  announcement  was  made  that  all  was 
ready,  every  one  commenced,  eating  with  that  degree 
of  willingness  which  indicated  that  they  were  not  only 
hungry,  but  that  the  food  was  of  the  best  quality. 
When  this  relief  had  iully  gratified  their  appetites,  they 
u  fell  in"  and  marched  off,  giving  place  for  others  un- 


16  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

til  all  had  been  served.  The  weather  being  extremely 
warm,  and  the  air  quite  sultry,  together  with  such  in 
tense  excitement  during  the  day,  many  became  entirely 
exhausted.  This  exhaustion  brought  on  some  sickness, 
which,  luckily,  was  of  short  duration,  and  the  sufferers, 
by  kind  and  attentive  treatment,  soon  recovered  from 
their  trivial  illness. 

At  two  o'clock  in  the  evening  all  the  companies  were 
ordered  to  muster,  and  to  form  the  regiment  in  close 
columns  of  companies  in  front  of  the  American  House, 
which  they  did  in  order  at  the  appointed  hour.  Stephen 
G.  Hicks  now  presented  himself  at  the  head  of  the 
column,  and  addressed  them  in  the  following  manner: 

Gentlemen — I  am  happy  to  see  you  assembled  to 
gether  this  day,  and  in  such  a  favorable  condition.  I 
have  labored  among  you  earnestly  for  the  purpose  of 
organizing  a  regiment  of  men  for  the  United  States 
service,  and  through  my  labors  and  your  own  perfect 
knowledge  of  the  great  principles  of  right  and  justice, 
I  have  been  enabled  to  obtain  my  much  desired  object. 
You  have  nobly  done  your  first  and  highest  duty  to 
your  country  in  thus  so  promptly  turning  out,  and 
rushing  to  her  assistance  in  this  her  darkest  hour  of 
peril.  As  I  have  often  told  you  before,  in  public  ad 
dresses,  it  is  my  intention  to  go  with  you,  and  with 
you  share  the  toils  and  tribulations  of  a  soldier's  life. 
And  with  you  I  am  willing  to  meet  the  rebel  crew  on 
the  bloody  field  of  conflict—who  have  dared  to  insult 
our  national  staiul.rd  ar.d  to  deny  her  sovereignty.  I 
know  you  are  all  men  of  veracity  and  true  courage,  and 
the  best  men  Egyptian  Illinois  affords,  and  1  do  earn 
estly  desire  to  have  the  great  honor  of  leading  such  a 
band  of  noble  men  into  the  field  ;  yet  I  do  not  feel  dis 
posed  to  take  such  a  high  and  responsible  position 
without  the  united  wishes  of  every  one  of  you.  I  will 
now  pledge  you  my  sacred  honor  as  a  man,  that  if  you 


17 

see  proper  to  choose  me  for  your  Colonel,  I  will  be 
with  you  to  the  end ;  I  will  ever  be  to  you  as  a  father ; 
I  will  labor  assiduously  for  your  welfare  while  in  camp, 
and  in  every  condition  in  which  you  may  be  placed  it 
will  be  the  delight  of  my  heart  to  render  each  and 
every  one  of  you  any  aid  or  comfort  which  lies  in  my 
power.  And  when  we  are  called  to  fight  our  enemies, 
I  will  lead  the  way.  I  will  be  in  your  front  on  the  ad 
vance,  and  on  the  retreat  I  will  guard  your  rear.  We 
will  advance  against  the  foe  as  a  united  band  of  bro 
thers  fighting  in  the  same  great  and  righteous  cause." 
Cheer  after  cheer  rent  the  air  as  the  illustrious  and 
patriotic  man  spoke  to  his  attentive  audience.  After 
speaking  in  this  manner  for  some  time,  while  the  most 
intense  interest  and  wildest  excitement  prevailed,  he 
said  :  "  Now,  gentlemen,  if  there  is  any  man  here,  or 
among  you,  wishes  to  ask  for  your  votes  for  Colonel, 
he  is  at  perfect  liberty  to  come  forward" — here  he 
ceased  speaking,  to  wait  for  any  who  might  wish  to 
offer  for  the  position — but  no  one  coming  out,  a  pro 
found  silence  reigned  till  he  proceeded  by  saying — 
u  All  that  wish  me  for  their  commanding  officer  will 
please  make  known  that  desire  by  raising  your  right 
hands."  In  an  instant  all  hands  were  lifted  into  the 
air  at  full  arms-length.  Next  was  a  scene  of  mingled 
enthusiasm  and  commotion,  which  baffles  all  descrip 
tion.  Peal  after  peal  of  most  tremendous  shouts  of 
approbation  and  excitement  and  satisfaction  was  in 
dulged  in  by  every  one.  The  newly  made  Colonel  now 
retired  while  each  company  broke  ranks  and  spent  the 
remainder  of  the  day  as  they  wished.  Many  delivered 
public  speeches  during  the  evening,  in  which  they  set 
forth  the  justness  of  our  country's  cause,  and  expressed 
their  determination  to  stand  by  their  comrades  to  the 
last  in  defending  the  principles  of  right,  and  vindi 
cating  the  supremacy  of  our  Government. 
2 


18  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

Thus,  kind  reader,  yon  see,  through  the  untiring 
energies  of  our  much  loved  Colonel,  the  Fortieth  Regi 
ment  was  at  last  organized,  and  one  of  the  best  men 
the  country  afforded  placed  at  its  head  without  a  dis 
senting  voice — a  man,  too,  whom  we  have  every  rea 
son  to  believe  has  his  whole  soul,  might  and  strength 
fully  engaged  in  the  cause.  The  Colonel  had  his  men 
so  completely  in  readiness  for  marching,  that  notwith 
standing  they  were  scattered  over  seven  different  coun 
ties,  and  were  busily  engaged  in  their  usual  avocations 
of  life,  that  sixty  hours  after  he  had  issued  orders  from 
his  residence  in  Salem,  to  the  various  companies  to 
meet  at  Sandoval,  every  man  was  there  according  to 
orders.  Another  important  fact  was,  that  the  regi 
ment  did  cot  cost  the  Government  once  cent  until  it 
took  the  cars  for  its  place  of  rendezvous  ;  as  the  Colonel 
had  defrayed  all  expenses  up  to  that  time.  In  the 
evening  we  received  orders  to  be  ready  to  start  to  De- 
catur  at  2  o'clock,  A.  M.,  over  the  Illinois  Central  R.  R., 
as  a  train  would  arrive  at  that  hour  for  our  convey 
ance.  The  cars  were  brought  down  in  the  evening 
and  left  on  the  switch,  to  be  in  readiness  for  the  engine, 
which  was  to  make  its  appearance  at  the  appointed 
hour  for  our  departure.  After  nightfall  we  were  or 
dered  into  the  cars,  where  we  might  rest  and  pass  the 
night  in  the  best  possible  manner.  At  two  o'clock  the 
next  morning,  being  the  morning  of  the  sixth  day  of 
August,  the  engine  arrived,  and  we  were  soon  on  our 
way  to  the  place  of  our  destination.  When  the  day 
dawned  we  saw  that  we  were  passing  over  broad  rich 
prairies,  and  through  the  wide  spread  and  fertile  farms 
of  Central  Illinois.  Scenes  which  meet  the  eye  on 
every  side  in  this  beauteous  region  of  our  assiduous 
and  enterprising  State,  were  extremely  pleasing  in  the 
eyes  of  us  ruralists.  We  arrived  at  the  depot  at  De- 
catur  about  7  o'clock,  A.  M.,  and  each  company  went 


ARRIVAL    AT    DKCATDK.  19 

into  the  city  and  took  breakfast  at  the  different  public 
houses,  after  which  they  all  collected  together  at  the 
depot  to  wait  further  orders.  Accordingly,  at  ten 
o'clock  we  took  a  train  of  cars  on  the  Great  Western 
R.  R.  for  Jamestown,  a  distance  of  forty  miles,  and 
seven  miles  east  of  Springfield.  The  entire  regiment 
was  then  comfortably  seated  in  open  cars,  an  1  when 
we  passed  out  of  that  fine  and  beautiful  city  there  was 
great  excitement  among  the  citizens,  as  they  cheered 
our  departure  by  displaying  national  banners  from 
nearly  every  building  which  was  visible  to  us.  Our 
soldier  boys,  anxious  to  manifest  their  patriotic  senti 
ments  in  return,  tried  to  cheer,  but,  poor  fellows,  they 
had  so  violently  exerted  their  vocal  organs  for  the  two 
days  past,  that  they  could  scarcely  produce  an  audible 
sound.  Also,  as  we  passed  through  the  rural  districts, 
the  farmer's  charming  maiden  would  mount  to  the 
highest  window  of  her  father's  mansion,  and  wave  with 
the  utmost  delight  the  flag  of  our  country.  The  intel 
ligent  farmer  in  the  fields  through  which  we  passed, 
would  hold  out  to  us  a  large  piece  of  bread,  or  some  other 
article  of  food,  and  thereby  show  to  us  his  willingness  to 
support  us  in  the  field,  by  furnishing  us  with  all  the 
necessary  supplies  which  we  should  need  or  desire. 

The  weather  being  quite  warm  and  pleasant,  our 
journey  was  rendered  very  agreeable  and  amusing  to 
us  all ;  at  almost  every  moment  some  new  and  beau- 
ful  scenery  would  present  itself  to  our  view,  which  con 
tinually  brought  forth  vehement  expressions  of  admi 
ration  and  delight.  At  twelve  o'clock  we  reached 
Jamestown,  and  proceeded  to  prepare  for  a  march  on 
foot,  which  did  not  take  us  long,  as  we  soon  moved 
ourselves  and  what  baggage  we  had  with  us  from  the 
cars.  Each  company  formed  by  itself  and  marched 
out — in  a  few  minutes  we  were  en  route  for  Clear  Lake, 
making  the  greatest  military  display  we  could.  The 


Z'O  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

afternoon  was  very  warm,  and  as  we  marched  pretty 
fast,  many  became  greatly  fatigued,  but  we  were  not 
long  in  traveling  a  mile  and  a  half,  which  brought  us 
to  Clear  Lake,  where  we  found  a  good  supply  of  water 
and  other  refreshments.  Col.  Hicks  now  met  his  en 
gagement  to  go  into  camp,  on  the  sixth  day  of  August, 
and  the  Governor  had  all  necessary  camp  preparations 
duly  made ;  so,  after  we  had  camping-ground  allotted 
to  us,  we  busied  ourselves  in  erecting  our  tents  and  in 
preparing  our  evening  meal,  as  we  had  already  drawn 
an  abundant  supply  of  good  rations. 

Now,  kind  reader,  we  wTill  leave  the  Fortieth  Regi 
ment  in  this  its  first  and  pleasant  encampment,  and  di 
rect  your  attention  to  another  department  of  the  history, 
and  will  continue  this  part  of  the  narrative  in  the  fifth 
chapter. 


CHAPTER  II. 

History  of  Companies  "A,  B,  C,  D  and  E,"  consisting  of  the  number  of 
men  having  belonged  to  each  Company — Number  and  Names  of  de 
ceased,  and  cause  of  Death — A  concise  description  of  every  Commis 
sioned  Officer. 

COMPAKY    "  A." 

COMPANY  A  numbered,  with  recruits  and  those  who 
belonged  to  it  at  its  original  organization,  one  hun 
dred  and  four  enlisted  men  and  commissioned  officers. 
The  original  members  of  the  company  were  enrolled 
by  Capt.  Hall,  at  Macedonia,  Hamilton  county,  and 
by  Lieut.  Harrelson,  at  Mellonville,  in  the  same 
county.  The  company  lost,  by  killed  in  action,  the 
following  named  persons,  together  with  their  post- 
office  address : 

Killed. 

Robert  D.  Banes,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  111. 
Robert  Page,  private,  Macedonia,  Hamilton  county,  111. 
William  Back,  private,  MacLeansborough,  Hamilton  county,  111. 


COMPANY   A.  21 

Died  of  Disease. 

Hiram  Fann,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
John  Langley,  private,  Palo  Alto,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Win.  H.  Mooreman,  private,   Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  111. 
A.  M.  Vice,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Jerry  Bullins,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
L.  M.  Taylor,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Joseph  O'Neal,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
John    T.  Hall,  corporal,  Knight's  Prairie,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
R.  J.  Atwood,  private,  Clay  City,  Illinois. 
A.  N.  Banes,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  Illinois. 
William  Cook,  private,  MacLeansborough,  Illinois. 
Martin  L.  Hall,  sergeant,  Knight's  Prairie,  Illinois. 
M.  S.  Johnson,  private,  Aikin  P.  0.,  Illinois. 
James  McLean,  private,  Aikin  P.  0.,  Illinois. 
S.  W.  Page,  private,  Macedonia,  Illinois. 

R.  J.  Johnson,  corporal,  Macedonia,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Sewel  F.  Boyd,  private,  Logansport,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Wm.  L.  McLaen,  corporal,  Aikiu,  Franklin,  county,  Illinois. 
Thomas  W.  Clark,  private,  Macedonia,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
C.  C.  Johnson,  corporal,  Macedonia,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Peter  W.  Manning,  private,  Macedonia,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Robert  McLean,  private,  Aikin,  Franklin  county,  Illinois. 
Total  loss  of  twenty-five  enlisted  men. 

Of  the  one  hundred  and  four  men  who  belonged  to 
the  company,  there  were  eighty-nine  farmers,  four 
blacksmiths,  five  carpenters,  one  teacher,  one  physi 
cian,  one  engineer,  one  plasterer,  one  clerk,  and  one 
miller.  There  were  in  Company  A,  fifty-four  married 
men  and  fifty  unmarried — the  greatest  proportion  of 
married  men  of  any  company  in  the  regiment,  except 
ing  company  "  F." 

Capt.  H.  W.  HALL  resided  at  Knob  Prairie,  Hamil 
ton  county,  Illinois — was  a  farmer  and  stockdealer — 
was  born  in  Hamilton  county,  Illinois.  He  has  been 
a  faithful  soldier — been  ready  for  duty  nearly  all  the 
time  since  he  entered  the  army.  He  is  noted  for  his 
strict  adherence  to  the  principles  of  morality.  It  is 
true,  the  captain  is  not  a  person  who  believes  that  a 
fine,  dashy  uniform  makes  the  man  ;  or,  that  such 
foppishness,  vanity,  and  rich  profusions  of  gold  lace 
will  put  down  the  rebellion — but  wishes  to  do  his 
every  duty  with  promptness  and  dispatch,  and  such 
conduct  should  elicit  the  cordial  approbation  of  all. 
In  the  battle  of  Shiloh,he  distinguished  himself  by  his 


2  FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

bravery  and  true  courage.  And  in  his  official  career 
in  the  Fortieth,  he  has  conducted  himself  in  a  man 
ner  which  makes  him  worthy  the  esteem  and  confi 
dence  of  all.  He  served  as  sergeant  twelve  months 
in  the  Mexican  War,  in  the  Third  Eegiment,  Illinois 
Volunteer  Infantry,  with  great  credit  to  himself  and 
satisfaction  to  others.  As  a  reward  for  his  meritori 
ous  conduct,  he  was  promoted  to  major,  on  the  13th 
day  of  January,  1863,  and  has  commanded  the  regi 
ment  since. 

First  Lieutenant  F.  J.  CARPENTER  resided  in  Ham 
ilton  county,  Illinois — was  by  profession  a  house-car 
penter — was  born  in  Hamilton  county,  Illinois.  The 
lieutenant  made  a  fine-looking  officer,  and  seemed  to 
bid  fair  for  an  able  and  efficient  subordinate ;  but,  not 
having  sufficient  energy  of  character  to  stand  the 
storm,  he  resigned,  on  the  15th  of  November,  1861, 
at  Paducah,  Kentucky,  and  left  the  good  cause  in 
more  able  and  worthy  hands. 

Second  Lieutenant  BENJ.  W.  HARRELSON  resided  in 
Hamilton  county,  Illinois,  and  was  by  profession  a 
farmer.  Was  born  in  Spartanburgh  district,  South 
Carolina.  The  lieutenant  is  a  fine  looking  officer,  and 
has  proven  himself  to  be  a  man  of  true  courage,  and 
of  undoubted  integrity.  An  officer  of  whom  company 
"  A  "  might  well  fell  proud.  He  is  regarded  as  be 
ing  a  common  or  familiar  person  ;  and,  thus,  he  justly 
gains  the  love  and  esteem  of  his  men.  He  was  on 
recruiting  service  in  Southern  Illinois,  but  soon  joined 
his  regiment  again.  At  the  resignation  of  Lieutenant 
Carpenter,  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  and  at 
the  promotion  of  Captain  Hall,  was  promoted  to  cap 
tain. 

Second  Lieutenant  JOHN  McLEAN  resided  in  Frank 
lin  county,  Illinois — was  by  profession  a  physician — 
was  born  in  Franklin  county,  Illinois.  The  lieutenant 


COMPANY   A.  23 

was  an  accomplished  young  officer,  presenting  a  fine 
appearance,  and  possessing  many  amiable  qualities. 
On  the  battle-field  of  Shiloh  he  acquitted  himself 
with  great  honor.  There  he  received  a  severe  wound 
which  occasioned  the  amputation  of  his  right  leg  near 
the  ankle.  He  recovered,  and  again  joined  his  regi 
ment  ;  but,  being  unfit  for  duty,  was  honorably  dis- . 
charged  on  the  23d  September,  1862.  He  was  pro 
moted  from  sergeant  to  second  lieutenant,  on  the  15th 
November,  1861,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  pro 
motion  of  Lieut.  Harrelson. 

Second  Lieutenant  WM.  B.  HEARD  resided  at  Mc- 
Leansborough,  Illinois — was  born  in  Hamilton  county, 
Illinois,  and  was  by  profession  a  farmer.  At  the  re 
signation,  or  discharge,  of  Lieut.  McLean,  he  was 
promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  on  the  23d  Sept.,  1862. 
He  has  ever  proven  himself  worthy  the  position,  by 
his  promptness  in  the  execution  of  his  duties  ;  by  his 
submission  to  his  superiors  in  office,  under  all  circum 
stances  ;  and,  by  being  kind  and  impartial  to  his  in 
feriors.  His  moral  and  gentlemanly  conduct  has  won 
for  him  the  esteem  and  respect  of  the  entire  regi 
ment,  and,  as  lieutenant,  but  few  have  excelled  him  in 
conduct  tending  to  the  good  of  our  country  and  the 
honor  of  our  cause.  He  served  as  private  in  the  Mex 
ican  War,  for  twelve  months,  in  the  Third  Eegiment 
Illinois  Volunteers.  At  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Ilar- 
relson,  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant. 

Second  Lieutenant  CHARLES  H.  JOHNSON  was  a  re 
sident  of  Hamilton  county,  Illinois.  By  profession, 
when  enlisted,  a  farmer — was  born  in  Hamilton  county, 
Illinois.  This  young  officer  bids  fair  to  be  a  useful, 
efficient  commander,  having  the  esteem  of  all  his  in 
feriors.  He  was  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  on 
the  13th  of  June,  1863,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the 
promotion  of  Lieut.  Heard. 


24  FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  "  B." 

COMPANY  "  B  "  numbered,  in  all,  one  hundred  and 
ten  enlisted  men,  and  three  commissioned  officers. 
The  original  members  of  the  company  were  enrolled 
by  James  W.  Boothe,  (who  then  was  their  captain  ; 
but,  at  the  organization  of  the  regiment,  was  elected 
lieutenant-colonel),  and  by  Capt.  Sprouse,  at  Kin- 
mundy,  Illinois.  The  company  has  lost,  by  killed  in 
action,  the  following  persons,  viz  : 

Silas  Williamson,  private,  Kinmundy,  Marion  county,  Illinois. 
H.  V.  Edwards,  private,  Edgewood,  Effingham  county,  Illinois. 
Geo.  W.  Mitchel,  4th   sergeant,  Kininuudy,   Marion  county,  Illinois. 

Died  of  Wounds  Received  in  Battle. 
James  II.  Brown,  private,  Clay  City,  Clay  county,  Illinois. 

Died  of  Disease. 

Isaac  Fogler,  private,  Hickory  Creek  P.  0.,  Fayette  co.,  Illinois. 
Silas  Lock,  private,  Hickory  Creek,  P.  0.,  Fayette  co.,  Illinois. 
V.  Fender,  private,  Edgewood,  Ettiiugham  co.,  Illinois. 
Riley  Presgrove,  private,  Alina,  Marion  co,  Illinois. 
James  J.  Brown,  corporal,  Hickory  Creek  P.  0.,  Fayette  co.,  Illinois. 
Jacob  H.  Wiggins,  private,  Larkinsburgh,  Clay  co.,  Illinois. 
Fred.  Deeds,  private,  Kinmundy,  Marion  co.,  Illinois. 
John  Fisher,  private,  Laclede,  Fayette  co.,  Illinois. 
Jacob  Parks,  private,  Vandalia,  Fayette  co.,  Illinois. 
Willis  A.  Cotnpton,  private,  Kinmundy,  Marion  co.,  Illinois. 
Albert  0.  Johnson,  private,  Larkinsburgh,  Clay  co.,  Illinois. 
Making  a  total  loss  by  death  of  fifteen  men. 

Of  the  one  hundred  and  ten  men  of  the  company, 
there  were  one  hundred  farmers,  one  carpenter,  one 
printer,  one  sailor,  three  blacksmiths,  one  teacher,  one 
miller,  and  one  wool  manufacturer.  There  were  forty- 
nine  married,  and  sixty-one  unmarried  men  that  be 
longed  to  this  company. 

Captain  WM.  T.  SPROUSE  resided  in  Kinmundy, 
Illinois — was,  by  profession,  a  merchant  and  trader. 
He  was  born  in  Kolinson  county,  Tennessee.  The 
captain  is  a  well-drilled  officer  and  makes  a  fine  mili 
tary  display.  Is  well-liked  by  his  men — kept  good 
military  discipline  in  his  company,  and  is  a  man  of  no 
ordinary  military  qualifications.  Resigned,  August 
4,  1863. 


COMPANY    B. 


25 


First  Lieutenant  JOSHUA  GOODWIN  resided  in  Kin- 
mundy,  Marion  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profession,  a 
farmer,  and  was  born  in  New  Brunswick.  The  lieu 
tenant  has  been  a  good  and  faithful  soldier,  having 
served  in  his  position  since  the  organization  of  the  re 
giment.  He  was  always  ready  to  discharge  his  duty 
without  any  hesitancy.  His  conduct  in  the  army  will 
justly  give  him  great  credit.  In  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
he  gave  unmistakable  evidence  of  his  bravery  ;  for  in 
the  hotest  of  the  fight,  he  was  busily  engaged  in  load 
ing  and  firing  a  gun,  besides  commanding  his  com 
pany,  as  his  superior  officer  was  not  present  at  that 
time.  On  account  of  ill-health  he  was  compelled  to 
resign,  which  he  did,  May  31,  1863. 

Second    Lieutenant   ELUA   D.    MARTIN   resided   in 


Fayette  county,  Illinois — was  born  in 


county 


,  was,  by  profession,  a  farmer.     The  lieutenant 

was  quite  a  plain  and  common  man  in  his  appearance, 
yet  a  good  officer — prompt  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duty.  He  is  a  man  of  true  courage  and  manliness — 
was  well-respected  by  all,  both  men  and  officers,  in  the 
regiment.  In  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  he  exhibited  the 
true  spirit  of  gallantry  and  heroism.  In  this  engage 
ment  with  the  enemy,  he  was  severely  wounded  in 
the  side ;  with  kind  attention,  he  recovered  and  re 
turned  to  tho  regiment,  in  the  summer  of  1862;  but, 
being  unable  to  perform  duty,  he  was  honorably  dis 
charged,  on  the  21st  day  of  October,  1862. 

Second  Lieutenant  KOBERT  NANCE  resided  in  Fay 
ette  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profession,  a  farmer — 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  county,  Virginia.  Lieut. 
K.  G.  Nance  makes  a  good  military  appearance,  and 
bids  fair  to  make  an  able  and  efficient  officer.  He  en 
tered  the  service  in  the  ranks — was  promoted,  first  to 
sergeant,  then,  on  the  21st  day  of  October,  1862,  was 
3 


26  EORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  discharge  of  Lieut.  Martin. 

At  the  time  of  Lieut.  Goo  1  win's  resignation,  on  the 
31st  day  of  May,  1803,  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieu 
tenant.  On  the  4th  day  of  August,  1863,  he  was  pro 
moted  to  captain,  in  which  position  he  has  since  acted, 
rendering  satisfaction  to  all  concerned. 

Lieutenant  WM.  D.  SPROUSE  w^s  a  resident  of  La- 
clede,  Fayette  county,  Illinois,  and  was,  by  profession, 
a  farmer — was  a  native  of  Macoupin  county,  Illinois. 
He  entered  the  regiment,  at  its  organization,  in  the 
ranks,  where  he  served  until  the  24th  November,  1862, 
when  he  was  appointed  first  sergeant.  On  the  1th 
day  of  August,  1863,  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieu 
tenant,  which  position  he  now  occupies. 

COMPANY  u  C." 

The  company  numbered  in  all  ninety-six  enlisted 
men  and  three  commissioned  officers.  The  company 
was  organized  by  Ca.pt.  Eli  as  Smart  and  others,  at 
Burnt  Prairie  and  Eufield,  White  county,  Illinois. 

The  company  has  lost,  by  killed  in  action,  at  Shi- 
loh,  Tennessee,  three  privates,  two  corporals  and 
one  sergeant;  by  death,  caused  by  wounds  received 
in  action,  six  privates ;  by  death,  caused  by  disease, 
ten  privates,  and  one  officer.  All  who  have  died  be 
longing  to  Company  "  C."  are  by  names  as  follows  : 

Tho?.  B.  Rose,  private,  Logansport,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 

F.  Chambers,  private,  Buck  P.  0.,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 
Wtn.  J.  Meeks,  private,  Burnt  Prairie,  White  county,  Illinqis, 
Peter  C.  Herrell,  private,  EiitieN.  White  county,  Illinois. 
Minor  Morris,  private,  Dresden   P.  O.,  Tennessee. 

Wm.  P.  Johnson,  priviiie,  Entield,  White  C"timy,  Illinois, 

G.  B.  McCall,  private,   McLacie.-bxnmgh,  Illinois. 
Wm.  Arterbery,  private,  Logansport,  Illinois. 

James  H.  Edwards,  private,  Dresden  P.  0.,  Tennessee. 
Wm.  S.  McMillin,  first  sergeant,  Burnt  Prairie,  White  co.,  111.,  killed. 
David  Ranking,  corporal,  Entield,  White  county,  Illinois,  killed. 
J.  P.  Birchficld,  corporal,  McLanesborough,  Illinois,  killed. 
Jerry  Morris,  private,  Enfu-ld,  White  county,  Illinois,  killed. 
Sam.  Williams,  private,  Divsden,  Tennessee,  kilkd. 
Win.  Cain,  piivate,  Enfield,  While  county,  Illinois,  killed. 
Z.  S.  Hunsinger,  private,  Burnt  Prairie,  Illinois,  died  at  Paduoah,  Ky., 
«f  wounds. 


COMPANY    C. 

John  York,  private,  Lo<rnn?port.  111.,  died  at  Mound  City,  of  wounds. 

Can-  E.  Wiirthon,  private,  Bucks  P.  0.,  died  at    St.  Louis,  of  wounds. 

Roll  11.  Webb,  private,  Hamilton  co.,  Illnois,  died  at  Hamilton  co.,  of 
wounds. 

Danl.  Simpson,  private,  Burnt  Prairie,  111.,  St.  Louis,  died  of  wounds. 

Hiram  Morris,  private,  Bucks  P.  0.,  Hamilton  co.,  at  St.  Louis,  died 
of  wounds. 

Lieut.  John  Phipps,  Logansport,  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 

Joshua  Phipps,  private,  Logansport,  Hamilton  comity,  Illinois. 

Goo.  W.  Akers,  private,  Enfield,  Illinois. 

Joseph  Bond,  private,  Memphis,  Tennessee. 

Ab.  J.  Kirby,  private,  Enfield,  Illinois. 

Of  the  ninety-six  men  who  belonged  to  the  com 
pany,  there  were  eighty-eighty  farmers,  one  fisherman, 
one  saddler,  one  teacher,  one  plasterer,  one  mason,  one 
locksmith,  one  physician,  one  carpenter.  There  were 
forty-five  married  men  and  fifty-one  unmarried  belong 
ing  to  this  company. 

Capt.  Elias  Stuart  resided  in  Phillipstown,  White 
county,  Illinois,  was  by  profession  a  physician,  was 
born  in  White  county,  Illinois. 

The  captain  was  not  with  the  regiment  long  enough 
to  show  what  his  military  abilities  were;  for,  during 
the  winter  of  1861-62,  he  had  very  ill  health,  which 
prevented  him  from  performing  his  duties,  and  from 
making  any  advancement  in  the  acquisition  of  mili 
tary  knowledge.  When  the  regiment  marched  from 
Pad ucah,  Kentucky,  the  captain  was  unable  to  accom 
pany  it,  and  on  the  15th  May,  1862,  he  resigned  ;  and 
has  since  been  appointed  Colonel  of  68th  Regiment 
Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  where  he  has  since 
served. 

First  Lieut.  S.  S.  EMERY  resided  in  Burnt  Prairie, 
White  county,  Illinois,  was  by  profession  a  physician, 
was  born  in  Buckston,  York  county,  Maine. 

The  lieutenant  was  a  sharp  little  Yankee  officer,  and 
made  a  fine  appearance.  His  pleasing  manners  and 
complacent  jokes  won  for  him  the  admiration  of  his 
fellow-soldiers.  He  was  chiefly  denominated  in  the 
regiment  as  Company  a  C.'s "  Yankee  lieutenant, 


28  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUlNTEEK    INFANTRY. 

He  rendered  good  service  to  his  country  until  the 
summer  of  1862,  when  his  health  became  seriously 
impaired,  causing  him  to  be  honorably  discharged  on 
the  21st  October,  1862.  He  has  since  returned  to  his 
native  Yankee  land,  and  now  resides  with  his  father 
in  Maine. 

Second  Lieut.  WM.  MEKITT  resided  in  Burnt  Prairie, 
White  county,  and  was  born  in  Pendleton  district,  S. 
Carolina.  The  lieutenant  has  served  his  country  in|the 
arm}7  faithfully  for  two  years  and  six  months.  In  the 
Mexican  wrar  he  served  twelve  months  as  sergeant  in 
the  3d  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  with  great 
credit  to  himself,  and  general  satisfaction  to  his  fellow- 
soldiers.  He  entered  the  Fortieth  as  second  lieute 
nant,  but  at  the  resignation  of  Capt.  Stuart  was  pro 
moted  to  captain  on  the  15th  May,  1862.  In  the  bat 
tle  of  Shiloh,  he  commanded  Company  u  C.,"  and 
gave  every  evidence  of  his  courage  and  bravery.  The 
captain's  health  becoming  v-ery  poor,  he  resigned  on 
the  2d  of  April,  1863. 

First  Lieut.  JOHN  PJ-IIPPS  resided  in  Logansport,  Il 
linois,  was  by  profession  a  farmer,  was  born  in  Hamil 
ton  county,  Illinois.  The  lieutenant  presented  a  fine 
appearance  ;  and  for  a  young  officer,  performed  his 
official  duties  quite  well.  He  entered  the  army  as  ser 
geant,  and  at  the  discharge  of  Lieut.  Emery,  was  pro 
moted  to  first  lieutenant  on  the  21st  October,  1862, 
where  he  served,  rendering  general  satisfaction.  Died, 
April  1,  1863. 

Second  Lieut.  JAMES  FIELDS  resided  in  Enfield, 
White  county,  Illinois,  was  born  in  White  county,  Illi 
nois — was  by  profession  a  farmer.  The  lieutenant  bids 
fair  to  make  an  able  and  efficient  subordinate  officer, 
is  always  prompt  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties.  He 
served  ten  months  in  the  United  States  Army  in  the 
Mexican  campaign  as  a  private.  He  entered  the  For- 


COMPANY    D.  29 

tieth  as  sergeant,  and  was  promoted  to  second  lieute 
nant  on  the  21st  October,  1862,  to  fill  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Phipps,  and 
on  the  discharge  of  Lieut.  Emery,  was  promoted  to  first 
lieutenant,  April  1,1863. 

Second  Lieut.  HENRY  STKOMAN  was  a  resident  of 
Long  Prairie,  Wayne  county,  Illinois,  was  by  profes 
sion  a  farmer ;  he  was  a  native  of  Clermont  county, 
Ohio. 

The  lieutenant  entered  the  regiment  at  its  organiza 
tion,  in  the  ranks.  On  the  1st  January,  1862,  he  was 
appointed  commissary  sergeant,  where  he  served  until 
the  2d  April,  1S63,  when  he  was  promoted  to  second 
lieutenant  of  Company  "  C." 

COMPANY  "  D." 

Company  u  D  "  numbered  in  all  eighty-five  enlisted 
men  and  three  commissioned  officers.  It  was  organ 
ized  at  Fairfield,  Wayne  county,  Illinois,  by  Capt. 
Samuel  Hooper  and  Lieut.  R.  S.  Barnhill. 

There  were  eight  enlisted  men  and  one  commissioned 
officer  killed  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  Tennessee,  be 
longing  to  this  company.  And  three  men  since  died 
of  wounds  received  there.  A  total  loss,  by  death,  of 
seventeen  men  and  one  officer.  The  names  of  the 
deceased  men  of  Company  u  D.,"  are  as  follows,  viz  : 

Samuel  Hooper,  captain,  Fairfield,  Illinois,  killed  in  action. 
Adaui  Files,  private,  Liberty,  White  county,  Illinois,  killed  in  action. 
Win.  Newby,  private,  Burnt  Prairie,  White  co.,  111.,  killed  in  action. 
E.  H.  Willett,  private,  Fairfield,  Illinois,  killed  in  action. 
G.  H.  Baird,  private,  New  Massillon,  Wayne  county,  killed  in  action. 
George  Gray,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Illinois,  killed  in  action. 
James  M.  Watkins,  private,  Johnsonville,  Wayne  county,  111.,  killed 
in  action. 

James  Ellsworth,  private,  Fairfield,  Illinois. 

John  lieneer,  drummer,  Fairfield,  Illinois,  killed  in  action. 

H.  W.  Farmer,  private,  Fairfield,  Illinois,  killed  in  action. 

P.  II.  Thomason,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Illinois,  died  of  wounds. 

C.  S.  Merritt,  corporal,  Burnt  Prairie,  Illinois,  died  of  wounds. 

J.  D.  Conn,  private,  Fairfield,  Illinois,  died  of  wounds. 

Wm.  C.  Borah,  private,  Fairfield,  Illinois. 

George  Herald,  private,  Burnt  Prairie,  Illinois. 


30  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

Martin  S.  Watkins,  private,  Johnsonville,  Illinois. 
Lewis  E.  Pilchsr,  private,  Burnt  Prairie,  Illinois. 
John  II.  Persell,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Illinois. 

Of  the  eighty-five  men  of  this  company,  there  were 
seventy- three  men  who  were  farmers,  two  blacksmiths, 
two  carpenters,  one  merchant,  one  teacher,  one  mason, 
one  woodchopper,  two  saddlers,  and  two  clerks.  There 
were  belonging  to  the  company  fifty-nine  men  who 
were  unmarried,  and  twenty-six  who  were  married. 

Capt.  SAMUEL  HOOPER  resided  in  Fairfield,  Wayne 
county,  Illinois,  was  by  profession  a  farmer,  but  for 
sometime  had  been  proprietor  of  a  hotel  in  Fairfield. 
He  was  born  in  Union  county,  Kentucky.  The  captain 
stood  at  head  the  of  the  list  of  officers  in  the  Fortieth. 
He  had  no  aristocratic  pride  ;  yet,  was  prompt  in  the 
discharge  of  his  official  duties.  He  endeavored  to  en 
force  good  discipline,  and  ever  labored  to  render  equal 
and  exact  justice  to  every  man  under  his  command. 
This  conduct  secured  for  him  not  only  the  esteem  of 
his  own  company,  but  the  love  and  confidence  of  all  in 
the  regiment.  He  executed  his  duties  with  satisfac 
tion  to  all  concerned  ;  and  will  always  be  remembered 
by  every  member  of  the  Fortieth  with  feelings  of  deepest 
regard  and  admiration.  He  served  twelve  months  in 
the  Mexican  war  as  sergeant,  and  was  promoted  to  first 
lieutenant  in  the  3d  Regiment  Illinois  Infantry. 

It  is  useless  to  dwell  longer  on  the  many  good  qual 
ities  of  our  much  loved  officer — but  must  pass — and 
write  of  the  sad  fate  which  befell  this  noble  hero! 

He  was  in  command  of  his  company  in  the  ba'tle  of 
Shiloh,  and  led  it  into  that  direful  charge  on  Sunday 
morning ;  when  a  ball  entered  his  forehead,  killing 
him  instantly.  And  thus,  one  of  the  Fortieth's  best 
officers  and  bravest  men,  fell  while  gallantly  defend 
ing  the  right ;  and  the  whole  regiment  will  ever  mourn 
the  sad  loss. 

First  Lieutenant  WM.  STUART  resided  in  Burnt  Prai- 


COMPANY    D.  31 

rie,  White,  county  Illinois  was  by  profession  a  farmer, 
was  horn  in  White  county.  Illinois.  The  lieutenant 
has  been  a  good  and  iaitlmil  soldier;  is  quite  plain  in 
appearance,  yet  a  good  officer ;  and  will  make  use  of 
every  possible  plan  to  add  to  the  comfort  and  well-be 
ing  of  his  men.  In  fact,  the  boys  call  him  the  soldier's 
friend.  He  was  promoted  to  captain  on  the  7th  of 
April,  1862,  to  fill  ihe  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Oapt.  Hooper,  which  position  he  has  since  filled  with 
general  satisfaction  to  his  men. 

Second  Lieut.  JOSEPH  P.  RIDER  resided  in  Fail-field, 
Illinois,  was  by  profession  a  carpenter,  and  was  born 
in  Canton,  Stark  county,  Ohio.  The  lieutenant  makes  a 
fine  appearance,  and  is  an  able  and  efficient  officer, 
was  well  liked,  and  did  good  service  in  the  army  till 
his  health  became  impaired,  causing  him  to  receive  an 
honorable  discharge  on  the  3d  of  June,  1862.  How 
ever,  at  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Stuart  on  the  7th  of 
April,  1862,  Lieut.  Rider  was  promoted  to  first  lieu 
tenant,  which  position  he  held  when  he  was  discharged. 

Second  Lieutenant  G.  P.  GEORGE  resided  in  Fairfield, 
Illinois,  was  by  profession,  when  enlisted  a  farmer — > 
was  born  in  White  county,  Illinois.  The  lieutenant 
came  into  the  service  as  sergeant ;  but  was  promoted 
to  second  lieutenant  on  the  7th  day  of  April,  1862,  to 
fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Rider. 
He  has  since  served  in  this  office.  He  is  a  fine  young 
gentleman  of  much  intelligence,  arid  undoubted  verac 
ity.  He  promises  well  for  an  able  young  subordi 
nate  officer,  and  will  surely  prosper. 

First  Lieutenant  WM.  C.  MURPHY  resided  in  Burnt 
Prairie,  White  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profession 
when  enlisted,  a  farmer— was  born  in  Breckinridge 
county,  Kertucky.  The  lieutenant  enlisted  in  the  com 
pany  as  a  serge.ait,  and  serve  1  in  that  capacity  till  the 
3d  of  June,  1862  ;  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant 


32  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  discharge  of  Lieut. 
Eider.  His  official  conduct  has  been  of  such  a  char 
acter  as  to  secure  for  him  the  esteem  of  all,  both  men 
and  officers.  If  he  continues  in  his  straight  forward 
course,  he  will  be  prosperous  and  useful. 

COMPANY  "  E." 

Company  E  numbered,  with  recruits  and  those  who 
belonged  to  it  at  its  original  organization,  one  hun 
dred  and  six  men,  and  three  commissioned  officers. 
About  one  half  of  the  men  of  company  E  were  en 
rolled  for  the  service  of  Capt.  R.  H.  Massey,  tit  Mount 
Erie,  Wayne  county,  Illinois ;  and  the  other  half 
by  Capt.  I).  N.  Ulm,  at  Jefferson ville,  Wayne  county, 
Illinois.  This  company  lost,  by  killed  in  action,  ten 
enlisted  men  ;  also  five  men  died  of  wounds  received 
in  that  engagement ;  and  three  were  rnissng,  sup 
posed  to  be  dead.  Six  men  have  died  of  disease  since 
the  company's  organization.  The  names  of  all  de 
ceased  of  company  E,  are  as  follows  : 

Leander  Robinson,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills. 

Gc-orgc  Truscott,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills. 

Charles   M.  Tibbs,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills. 

Hubert  Heed,  private,  Enterprise,  Wayne  county,  Ills. 

Bethel   Barker,  fifer,  Enterprise,  Ills. 

Henry  R    Lear,  private,  Jeffersonville,  111?. 

James  M  aye  a,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

Wallace  W".  Kchmond,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

Francis  (Stanley,  private,  Albion,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

F.  M.  Mills,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

John  Spitler,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

James  U.  Porterfield,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

Benj.  F.  Shroyer,  private,  Blue  Point,  Wayne  co.,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

Win.  Ward,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

Charles  Wendlsind,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills.,  killed  in  action. 

Kobert  Wilson,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills. 

Charles  W.  Truscott,  corporal,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  died  of  wounds. 

Martin  Baker,  private,  Jeffersonville,  Ills.,  died  of  wounds. 

(Silas  Kiggs,  private,  JeiiTersonville,  111.,  died  of  wounds. 

Win.  Ga.lbreath,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  died  of  wounds. 

*Joseph   Kiggs,  private,  Mount   Erie,  Ills.,  died  of  wounds. 

Thomas  Stanley,  private,  Albion,  Ills.,  died  of  wounds. 

f  Ephraiin  F.  Pharr,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  lost  in  action. 

J  Johnson  M.  Owen,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Ills.,  lost  in  action. 

*  Was  wounded  and  lias  not.  l»een  since  heard  of — supposed  to  be  dead. 
fWas  la  ken  prisoner  at  iSLiloh,  since  died- -prisoner  of  war  at  Macun,  Ga. 
J  Lost  in  action  at  Shiloh.  not  since  heard  of — supposed  to  be  dead. 


COMPANY  "E."  33 

The  entire  number  of  deaths  in  this  company,  is 
twenty-three.  There  were  belonging  to  company 
"  E  "  eighty-four  farmers,  three  blacksmiths,  one 
painter,  three  carpenters,  three  merchants,  three  teach 
ers,  one  physician,  two  students,  one  engineer,  one  ho 
tel-keeper,  one  plasterer,  one  wagon-maker,  two  coop 
ers,  one  collier,  one  cattle  dealer. 

There  were  forty-four  married  and  sixty-two  unmar 
ried  men,  belonging  to  this  company. 

Capt.  DANIEL  IST.  ULM  resided  in  Jefferson ville, 
Wayne  county,  Illinois— was,  by  profession,  a  cattle 
dealer,  and  was  born  in  Wabash  county,  Illinois.  The 
captain  makes  a  fine  looking  officer,  and  possesses 
great  military  knowledge,  and  is  a  superior  tactician. 
He  has  been  a  faithful  officer  during  the  time  of  his 
service  ;  and  bids  fair  to  eventually  arrive  at  great 
eminence  and  renown.  He  is  an  ardent  lover  of  mili 
tary  discipline  and  endeavors  to  enforce  it  in  his  com 
mand.  In  the  battle  of  Shiloh.  the  captain  u  went  in 
about  right" — where  he  received  a  slight  wound. 

First  Lieutenant  ANDREW  F.  KESBIT  resided  in 
Mount  Erie,  Wayne  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profes 
sion  when  enlisted,  a  merchant — was  born  in  Wayne 
county,  Illinois.  The  lieutenant  would,  no  doubt,  have 
made  an  expert  officer  ;  but  shortly  after  he  entered 
the  army  he  was  taken  violently  ill,  and,  after  pro 
longed  sickness,  he  resigned  on  the  23d  September, 
1861.  He  returned  to  his  home,  and  soon  regained 
his  health.  He  is  at  his  residence  now  following  his 
profession. 

Second  Lieutenant  WM.  II.  SUMMERS  resided  in  Jef- 
fersonville,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when  enlisted, 
a  farmer ;  and  was  born  in  Wayne  county,  Illinois. 
The  lieutenant  is  a  good  officer  and  well  versed  in  mil 
itary  transactions,  having  the  experience  of  a  twelve 
month's  campaign  in  Mexico;  beside^the  schooling 


he  has  received  in  the  present  war.  He  did  service  in 
the  Third  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  as  ser 
geant,  during  the  Mexican  campaign.  In  the  battle 
of  Shiloh,  he  performed  his  duties  like  a  hero,  till  he 
received  a  slight  wound  in  the  leg,  which  rendered 
him  unable  to  proceed  farther.  He  soon  recovered 
and  returned  to  duty,  and  has  since  been  a  faithful  sol 
dier.  At  the  time  of  Lieut.  Nesbit's  resignation,  or 
on  23d  September,  1861,  Lieut.  Summers  was  promo 
ted  to  first  lieutenant,  which  position  he  now  holds. 

Second  Lieutenant  BENJ.  F.  BEST  resided  near 
Mount  Erie,  Wayne  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profes 
sion,  a  farmer  and  stone-mason — was  born  in  Fayette 
county,  Pennsylvania.  The  lieutenant  was  a  tall  good 
looking  man,  and  presented  a  fine  military  appearance. 
He  was  quite  a  plain  common  man  and  was  loved  by 
all.  He  was  commonly  called  company  E's  u  big 
ingin."  He  enlisted  and  entered  the  service  as  a  pri 
vate  ;  but  at  the  resignation  of  Lieut.  Nesbit  and  the 
promotion  of  Lieut.  Summers,  he  was  promoted  to 
second  lieutenant  on  the  23d  September,  1861.  He 
performed  his  official  duties  with  promptness  and  gen 
eral  satisfaction.  In  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  he  gave  un 
mistakable  evidence  of  his  bravery  ;  as  he  was  in  the 
thickest  of  the  fight  arid  was  busily  firing  guns  as/as£ 
as  two  of  the  boys  could  loud  for  him.  While  in  this 
good  service  he  received  a  severe  wound  causing  his 
left  arm  to  be  amputated.  At  length,  by  good  treat 
ment,  he  recovered,  and,  in  the  following  summer,  he 
rejoined  the  regiment  ;  but,  being  unable  for  duty,  was 
honorably  discharged  on  the  26th  September,  1862. 
The  lieutenant  is  now  enjoying  the  joys  of  home  with 
his  little  family,  at  his  cottage  residence,  near  Mount 
Erie,  Illinois. 

Second  Lieutenant  WM.  W.  DUNLAP  resided  in  Jef 
ferson  ville,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when  enlisted, 


a  carpenter — was  born  in  Carroll  county,  Ohio.  Since 
the  lieutenant's  promotion,  he  has  been  faithful  in  the 
discharge  of  duty,  and  is  worthily  loved  and  respected 
by  the  men  with  whom  he  associates.  He  served  as 
first  sergeant  until  his  promotion  to  second  lieutenant 
on  the  26th  September,  1862. 

CHAPTER  III. 

COMPANY  "F." 

Company  F's  entire  strength  was  eighty-four  en 
listed  men  and  three  commissioned  officers.  The  com 
pany  was  organized  by  Capt.  T.  Shirley,  at  Knob  Prai 
rie,  Franklin  county,  111.  Company  F  lost  by  death 
as  follows  :  two  men  were  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh, 
Tenn.,  on  the  6th  and  7th  April,  1862.  Six  men  and 
one  commissioned  officer  have  since  died  of  wounds  re 
ceived  in  action  at  the  same  time.  Six  men  have  died 
since  their  enlistment  of  disease — making  a  total  loss 
by  death  of  fourteen  men  and  one  officer.  The  names 
and  P.  O.  address  of  all  deceased  men  and  officers  of 
this  company  are  as  fo-lows  : 

Win.  C.  Hobbs,  private,  Macedonia,  Hamilton  Co.,  111.,  killed  in  action. 

Jeiferson  Phillips,  private,  Ben  ton,  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  killed  in  action. 

Isaac  A.  Ingram,  2d  Lieut.,  Centralia,  111.,  of  wounds. 

Silas  Jones,  Sergt.,  Parrish,  Franklin  Co.,  III.,  of  wounds. 

Robert  J.  Bain,  private,  Webb's  Prairie,  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  of  wounds. 

J.  K.  P.  Dillon,  private,  Parrish,  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  of  wounds. 

John  Davis,  private,  Benton,  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  of  wounds. 

Marion  Hicks,  private,  Cave  P.  0.,  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  of  wounds. 

\Vm.  B.  Shirley,  private,  Knight's  Prairie,  111.,  of  wounds. 

Nelson  Aldrich,  private,  Rome,  Jefferson  Co.,  111. 

Alfred  Ward,  Corporal,  Webb's  Prairie,  Franklin  Co.,  III. 

John  M.  B.  AVilliams,  private,  1'arrish,  Franklin  Co.,  111. 

Harvey  Summers,  private,  Parrish,  Franklin  Co.,  111. 

Silas  T.  Gaither,  private,  Parrish,  Franklin  Co.,  111. 

Caleb  Stidd,  private,  Little  Muddy,  Franklin  Co.,  111. 

Ilobert^McDaiuel,  private,  Cave  P.  0.,  Franklin  Co.,  111. 

There  belonged  to  this  company  eighty-one  farmers, 
one  cabinet  maker,  one  saddler,  one  artist, — making 
the  largest  proportion  of  farmers  in  this  company  of 
any  other  company  in  the  regiment. 


36  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

There  were  forty -nine  married  men  belonging  to 
this  company,  and  thirty-five  unmarried  ;  being  a  larger 
proportion  of  married  men  than  in  any  other  company. 

Capt.  TILLMAN  SHIRLEY  resided  in  McLeansborough, 
111.,  was  born  in  Hamilton  county,  111.,  was  by  profes 
sion  a  "  farmer."  The  captain  was  a  man  possessing 
many  good,  amiable  qualties,  and  was  a  number  one 
officer,  always  ready  for  and  prompt  in  the  discharge 
of  his  duties.  He  was  a  man  of  good  moral  principles, 
ever  ready  to  vindicate  the  great  principles  of  genuine 
morality.  He  was  a  faithful  soldier  during  his  stay 
in  the  army.  In  the  engagement  with  the  enemy,  on 
the  6th  and  7th  of  April,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  he  received 
a  wound  in  the  hand,  which  rendered  him  unable  to 
perform  duty.  After  having  received  good  treatment 
for  some  time,  he  returned  to  the  regiment  at  Memphis 
in  the  following  summer ;  but  being  unfit  for  further 
service,  was  honorably  discharged  on  the  29th  day  of 
October,  1862. 

First  Lieut.  WM.  T.  INGRAM  resided  near  Webb's  P. 
0.,  Franklin  Co.,  111.,  was  by  profession  a  physician  ; 
was  born  in  or  near  Greenville,  Ky.  The  lieutenant 
was  a  fine  officer,  made  a  splendid  military  appearance 
and  was  an  able  and  promising  officer.  He  served 
some  time  as  aid-de-camp  to  Col.  McDowell,  who 
commanded  the  brigade  to  which  our  regiment  be 
longed.  In  the  battle  of  Shiloh  the  lieutenant  served 
in  that  position,  and  displayed  great  heroism.  At  the 
time  of  Capt.  Shirley's  discharge,  or  on  the  29th  of 
October,  1862,  Lieut.  Ingram  was  promoted  to  captain, 
in  which  rank  he  served  till,  on  account  of  ill  health, 
he  was  honorably  discharged,  on  the  26th  day  of  Jan 
uary,  1863. 

Second  Lieut.  JOSEPH  ING  resided  near  Aikin,  Frank 
lin  county.  111.,  was  by  profession  when  enlisted  a  u  far 
mer,"  was  born  in  Sunnier  county,  Term.  The  lieu- 


COMPANY  u  F."  37 

tenant  was  always  ready  for  duty  while  in  the  service, 
but  for  some  cause  not  known  he  became  tired  of  it, 
and  resigned  on  the  4th  of  March,  1862,  and  returned 
to  his  home,  where  he  was  taken  violently  ill,  and  soon 
died. 

Second  Lieut.  ISAAC  A.  INGKAM  resided  near  Cen- 
tralia,  111.,  wras  by  profession  when  enlisted  a  u  farmer," 
and  was  born  near  ^Greenville,  Ky.  The  lieutenant 
served  as  orderly  sergeant  until  the  the  4th  of  March, 
1862,  when  he  was  promoted  to  second  lieutenant ; 
but  his  official  career  was  of  short  duration,  ior  in 
the  engagement  with  the  enemy  on  the  6th  and  7th 
April,  at  Shiloh,  he  received  a  wound  which  caused 
his  death  on  23d  day  of  June,  1862,  at  Salem,  111. 

Second  Lieut.  CHRISTOPHER  ING  resided  near  Par- 
rish,  Franklin  county,  111.,  was  by  profession  when  en 
listed  a  "farmer,"  was  born  in  Sunnier  county,  Tenn. 
He  entered  the  service  as  third  sergeant,  and  was 
promoted  to  second  lieutenant  on  ihe  23d  day  of  July, 
1862,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lieut. 
J.  A.  Ingram ;  he  was  again  promoted,  to  first 
lieutenant,  on  the  29th  October,  1862,  to  fill  a  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Win.  F.  Ingrain, 
which  position  he  (Lieut.  Ing)  now  holds.  He  is  the 
only  commissioned  officer  belonging  to  company  F  at 
this  time. 

JOHN  W.  BACJGH  was  commissioned  a  second  lieu 
tenant  of  this  company,  but  was  promoted  to  adjutant. 
(See  description  of  field  and  staff.) 

Lieut.  ENOCH  JONES  was  a  resident  of  Knob  Prairie, 
111.,  was  by  profession  when  enlisted  a  cabinet  maker, 
was  born  in  Gibson  county,  Ind.  He  entered  the  army 
a  drummer,  and  was  appointed  first  sergeant,  April 
22d,  1862,  and  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Octo 
ber  29th,  1862,  and  to  first  lieutenant  on  the  6th 


38  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

April,  1863,  which  position   ho  now  fills  with  great 
credit. 

Lieut.  JASPER  N.  NEAL  resided  near  Benton,  111., 
and  was  by  profession  a  fanner,  was  born  in  Franklin 
county,  111.  Appointed  sergeant  July  17th,  1862,  and 
promoted  second  lieutenant  April  2d,  1863. 

COMPANY  "G." 

Company  G's  strength  was  ninety  seven  enlisted 
men  and  three  commissioned  officers.  The  company 
was  organized  at  New  Baltimore,  Wayne  county,  111., 
by  Capt.  W.  F.  Scott ;  but  the  majority  of  its  members 
resided  in  Hamilton  county,  111.  Company  G  has  lost 
by  death  since  its  organization  a  total  of  twenty-three 
men.  The  names  and  P.  O.  address  of  all  deceased 
men  of  Company  G  are  as  follows  : 

Reuben  Burton,  private,  Lovilla.,  Hamilton  Co.,  111. 
Joseph  N.  Wright. 

Abraham  Miller,  private,  Lovilla,  Hamilton  Co.,  Illinois. 
Charles  C.   Hopkins,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Wayne  Co.,  111.,  killed. 
Win.  Harland,  corpora.!,  Pin  Oak,  Wayne  Co.,  111.',  killed. 
Geo.  W.  Harland,  private,  Pin  Oi.k,  Wayne  Co.,  III.,  killed. 
Win.  F.  Johnson,  private,  Pin  Oak.  Wayne  Co.,  111.,  killed. 
Thos.  J.  Johnson,  private,  Pin  Oak,  Wayne  Co.,  III.,   killed. 
James  C.  Lee,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Wayne  Co.,  III.,  killed. 
David  D.  Proudfit,  private,  McLean sborough,  111.,   killed. 
James  M.  Smith,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Wayne  Co.,  111. 
Geo.  W.  Mitchell,  corporal,  McLeansborough,  111.,  of   wounds. 
Geo.  W.  Knight,  private,  More's  Prairie,  Jefferson  Co.,  Ill  ,  of  wounds. 
Isaac  Gardner,  private,  Pin  Oak  P.  0.,  Wayne  Co.,  111. 
Henry  Hall,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Wayne  Co.,  III. 
James  K.  Hamilton,  private,  More's  Prairie,  Jefferson  Co.,  III. 
Z.  C.  Trainmell,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Wayne  Co.,  111. 
James  K.  Hogue,  corporal,  Lovilla,  Hamilton  Co.,  111. 
Richard  Conner,  private,  Pin  Oak,  Wayne  Co.,  111. 
D_avid  Close,  private,  New  Baltimore,  Illinois,  gun  shot.     (Killed  in 
Memphis  by  an  accidental  shot.) 

James  M.  Dawson,  private,  Lovilla,  Hamilton  Co.,  III. 
A.  L.  Sprouse,  private,  Lovilla,  Hamilton  Co.,  111. 
James  McKnight,  private,  Carmi,  III. 
Milton  N.  Lewis,  sergeant,  Belle  City,  111. 

There  were  belonging  to  this  company  eighty-two 
farmers,  seven  carpenters,  two  coopers,  one  mason,  one 


COMPANY    "  Q."  39 

shoemaker,  one  merchant,  one  blacksmith,  and  one 
engineer.  There  were  forty-five  married  men  and 
fifty-two  unmarried  belonging  to  company  G. 

Capt.  W.  T.  SCOTT  resided  in  or  near  McLeansbo- 
rough,  111.,  was  by  profession  a  physician,  and  was  born 
in  Jefferson  county,  111.  The  captain  made  a  fine- 
looking,  and  would  no  doubt  have  made  an  expert,  and 
useful  commander  had  he  remained  with  his  company, 
but  fur  some  reason  he  became  dissatisfied,  and  on  the 
1st  of  April,  1862,  he  resigned  and  returned  to  his 
home.  Has  since  entered  the  87th  Kegt.  111.  Vol.  Inf., 
as  an  enlisted  man.  and  was  appointed  sergeant  major 
of  that  regiment,  where  he  now  serves. 

First  Lieut.  CLINTNO  C.  HOPKINS  resided  in  New 
Baltimore,  Wayne  county,  111  ,  was  by  profession  a 
farmer ;  was  born  in  Ky.  The  lieutenant  was  a  good 
officer,  always  prompt  in  the  discharge  of  his  official 
duties,  and  was  quite  kind  to  his  men,  rendering  them 
every  available  comfort.  At  the  time  of  Capt.  Scott's 
resignation,  or  on  the  1st  day  of  April,  1862,  Lieut. 
Hopkins  was  promoted  to  captain,  in  which  position 
he  served  with  great  honor  and  general  satisfaction. 
In  the  battle  of  Shiloh  he  commanded  his  company, 
and  showed  to  all  that  he  did  not  care  for  the  balls  of 
the  enemy,  though  they  flew  thicker  than  hail.  He 
did  good  service  while  in  the  army;  but  on  the  26th 
day  of  January,  1863,  he  resigned  and  returned  to  his 
home. 

Second  Lieut.  JONAH  MORLAN  resided  in  Enfield, 
White  county,  111.,  was  by  profession  a  school  teacher, 

was  born  in  ,  Ohio.  The  lieutenant  is  a  good 

officer  and  has  served  in  the  army  faithfully  since  the 
orgairzation  of  the  regiment.  He  has  served  as  brig 
ade  Q.  M.  for  near  one  year,  and  rendered  complete 
satisfaction.  When  Lieut.  Hopkins  was  promoted  to 


40  FOjmKT.ll    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEEK    INFANTKV. 

captain,  or  on  the  1st  day  of  April,  1862,  Lieut.  Mor 
lan,  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  and  on  the  26th 
day  of  January,  1863,  was  promoted  to  captain.  He 
is  now  in  command  of  his  company,  and  makes  a  good 
and  competent  commander. 

Second  Lieut.  SAMUEL  II.  WATSON  resided  in  Mount 
Yernon,  Jefferson  county,  Illinois,  was  by  profession, 
when  enlisted,  a  merchant,  and  was  born  in  Jefferson 
county,  Illinois.  The  lieutenant  entered  the  service 
as  a  private,  but  was  appointed  regimental  quarter 
master  sergeant  on  the  10th  of  August,  1861,  where 
he  served  until  commissioned  second  lieutenant  of 
Company  G,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  promotion 
of  Lieut,  Morlan.  which  was  the  1st  of  April,  1862. 
He  was  also  promoted  on  the  26th  of  January,  1863, 
to  first  lieutenant,  to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by  pro 
motion  of  Lieutenant  Morlan  to  captain. 

Second  Lieut.  HUGH  D.  KEFFEB  resided  in  or  near 
Belle  City,  Illinois,  was  by  profession  when  enlisted  a 
carpenter,  was  born  in  Northumberland  county,  Pennsyl 
vania.  He  entered  the  army  a  sergeant,  and  was  first 
promoted  to  orderly  sergeant ;  then,  on  the  26th  Jan 
uary,  1863,  was  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  Watson. 

COMPANY  "  H." 

Company  H's  entire  strength  was  seventy -three 
enlisted  men,  and  three  commissioned  officers.  The 
company  was  organized,  and  its  members  were  en 
rolled  by  Capt.  Stuart,  at  Salem,  and  by  Lieut.  Lane, 
at  Van d alia.  Company  II  has  lost  by  death,  since  its 
organization,  as  follows  : 

Theodore  P.  Tapper,  sergeant,  Salem,  Marion  county,  Illinois,  killed. 
Win.  F.  Evens,  private,  Coon  Creek  P.  0.,  Marion  county,  111.,  killed. 
John  G.  Burrow,  private,  Salem,  Marion  county,  Illinois,  wounds. 
Frederick  K upper,  private,  Vandalia,  Fayette  county,  Illinois. 
James  W.  Watson,  corporal,  Kinuiundy,  Marion  county,  Illinois. 
Samuel  Winans.  sergeant-major,  Xenia,  Illinois. 


COMPANY    H.  41 

This  makes  a  total  loss  by  death  of  six  enlisted  men. 
There  were  belonging  to  this  company,  forty-nine 
farmers,  three  sailors,  two  engineers,  one  teacher,  two 
millers,  two  carpenters,  two  tinners,  one  printer,  one 
cooper,  two  blacksmiths,  one  trader.  There  were 
fourteen  married  men  belonging  to  company  H,  and 
fifty-nine  unmarried. 

Capt.  SAMUEL  D.  STUART  resided  near  Salem,  was 
by  profession  a* farmer,  and  was  born  in  Hillsborough. 
Ohio.  The  captain  was  a  good  and  faithful  soldier. 
Early  in  the  fight  at  Shiloh,  Tennessee,  he  received  a 
serious  wound,  which  caused  him  to  be  removed  to  the 
hospital  for  treatment.  He  partially  recovered,  and 
on  the  18th  day  of  the  following  July,  here  joined  the 
regiment,  but  after  remaining  with  it  sometime,  being 
unfit  for  duty,  he  again  returned  to  his  residence  near 
Salem,  where  he  was  honorably  discharged  on  the  1st 
of  November,  1862. 

First  Lieut.  JOHN  G.  LANE  was  a  resident  of  Van- 
dalia,  Fayette  county,  Illinois,  and  was  by  profession, 

when  enlisted,  a  merchant,  was  born  in .  He 

was  an  officer  presenting  a  fine  military  appearance  ; 
and  was  possessed  of  no  ordinary  abilities,  but  must, 
most  assuredly,  have  lacked  the  true  pluck,  for  on  the 
26th  of  November,  1861,  he  "  unconditionally  surren 
dered  or  resigned" 

Second  Lieut.  THOMAS  F.  GALVIN  resided  in  Vau- 
dalia,  Fayette  county,  Illinois,  and  was  born  in  Mon 
roe  county,  New  York,  and  was  by  profession,  when 
enlisted,  a  student  of  law.  The  lieutenant  is  a  splen 
did  officer,  well  versed  in  tactics,  and  a  thorough  dis 
ciplinarian.  He  has  been  in  command  of  Company  H 
since  Capt.  Stuart's  absence,  and  has  been  an  able  and 
efficient  commander,  and  faithful  and  energetic  soldier. 
Best  of  all,  inhere  is  no  scare  in  him.  At  the  resigna 
tion  of  Lieut.  Lane,  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieuten- 
4 


42  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

ant  to  fill  the  vacancy  on  the  14th  of  January,  1862. 
He  was  likewise  promoted  to  Captain  on  the  13th  of 
January,  1863,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  dis 
charge  of  CapL  Stuart. 

Second  Lient.  THOMAS  G.  KELLY  resided  in  Salem, 
Illinois,  was  by  profession,  when  enlisted,  a  school 
teacher,  was  born  near  Mount  Gilead,  Ohio.  The 
Lieutenant  is  a  young  man  of  superior  talents  ;  is 
very  quiet  in  manners  ;  possesses  a  gootl  mind,  and  is 
a  young  man  of  good  morals,  lie  entered  the  army 
as  orderly  sergeant,  and  on  the  14th  of  January,  1862, 
was  promoted  to  second  lieutenant  to  fill  a  vacancy 
caused  by  the  promotion  of  Lieut.  T.  F.  Galvin. 
He  was  again  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  on  the  13lh 
of  January,  1863,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  second 
promotion  of  T.  F.  Galvin. 

Second  Lieut.  MICHAEL  GALVIN  was  a  resident  of 
Yandalia,  Fayette  county,  Illinois,  was  by  profession, 
when  enlisted  a  cabinet- maker,  and  was  born  in  North 
umberland  county,  Canada.  lie  entered  the  army  as 
sergeant,  was  first  appointed  orderly  sergeant ;  then, 
on  the  13th  of  January,  1863,  he  was  promoted  to 
second  lieutenant  to  fill  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
promotion  of  Lieut.  Kelly. 

COMPANY   "I." 

Company  1  numbered,  at  the  time  of  its  organization 
and  with  the  recruits  since  received,  ninety-four  men  and 
three  commissioned  officers.  It  was  organized  by  Capt. 
lloskinson  and  others,  at  Xenia,  Clay  county,  and  at 
Mount  Carmel,  Wabash  county,  Illinois.  The  company 
have  lost  by  death  in  all  twelve  men  and  two  commis 
sioned  officers.  Three  men  were  killed  at  Shiloh,  Ten 
nessee,  in  action,  and  three  men  and  one  officer 
have  since  died  of  wounds  received  in  the  same  en 
gagement;  six  men  and  one  officer  have  died  of  die- 


COMPANY    I.  43 

ease  since  their  enlistment.  The  names  and  postoffice 
address  of  all  deceased  men  and  officers  of  Company  I 
are  as  follows,  viz  : 

Henry  Crackles,  lieutenant,  Mount  Carmel,  Wabash  county,  Illinois. 

Pearson  Williard,  private,  Rochester  Mills,  Wabash  county,  Illinois. 

Henry  Gardner,  private,  Gard's  Point,  Wabash  county,  III.,  killed, 

Samuel  W  ells,  corporal,  Friendsville,  Wabash  county,  111.,  killed. 

Win.  Parkinson,  private,  Mount  Carmel,  Wabash  county,  111.,  killed. 

John   Brown,  private,  Albion,  Illinois,  wounds. 

John  Drennan,  sergeant,  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois,  wounds. 

(T.  D.  Humphreys,  "lieutenant,  Mount  Ca.rinel,  Illinois,  wounds. 

E.  M.  Dare,  private,  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois,  wounds. 

Samuel  Sorey,  private,  Xenia,  Clay  county,  Illinois. 

Zack.  Bodle,  private,  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois. 

Peter  Monical,  private,  Xenia,  Clay   county,  Illinois. 

Patrick  Proctor,  private,  New  Hope,  Edwards  county,  Illinois. 

Robert  R.  Bircekett,  private,  Albion,  Illinois. 

T.  J.  Barnctt,  Rochester  Mills,  Illinois. 

James  Lewis,  New  Middle  town,  Illinois. 

John  M.  Hopkins,  lieutenant,  New  Baltimore,  Illinois. 

There  were,  belonging  to  Company  1,  seventy-one 
farmers,  two  blacksmiths,  four  carpenters,  one  mer 
chant,  three  teachers,  three  stone-masons,  one  cabinet 
maker,  two  clerks,  three  coopers,  one  wagon- maker, 
one  teamster,  one  pilot,  one  boatmen.  There  were 
eighty-five  men  belonging  to  this  company  who  were 
unmarried,  and  nine  who  were  married  ;  being  the 
largest  proportion  of  single  men  of  any  company  in 
the  regiment. 

Captain  G.  HOSKINSON  was  a  resident  of  Xenia, 
Clay  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when  enter 
ing  the  army,  a  merchant  ;  and  was  born  in  Licking 
county,  Ohio.  The  captain  was  a  faithful  soldier  and 
an  efficient  officer,  always  prompt  in  the  discharge  of 
duty.  He  commanded  his  company  through  the  Shi- 
loh  battle  and  manifested  no  fear^of  rebels.  After  the 
battle  he  had  very  poor  health  which  continued  to  grow 
worse  until  he  was  compelled  to  resign,  which  he  did 
on  the  3d  of  June,  1862. 

First  Lieutenant  G.  D.  HUMPHREYS  was  a  resident  of 
Mount  Carmel,  Illinois — was.  by  profession  when  en 
listed,  a  trader  ;  and  was  a  native  of  Albany,  New 


4:4:  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

York.  The  lieutenant  made  a  good  looking  officer 
and  an  efficient  commander  ;  was  well  liked  by  all, 
both  his  superiors  and  inferiors.  In  the  battle  of  Slii- 
loh,  Tennessee,  he  stood  up  to  the  work  like  a  hero  till 
he  was  seriously  wounded.  He  was  taken  to  Cincin 
nati  to  receive  the  treatment  of  experienced  surgeons, 
but  all  attention  availed  nothing,  for  on  the  2d  of  May, 
1862,  he  died. 

Second  Lieutenant  HENRY  CRACKLES  resided  at,  or 
near,  Rochester  Mills,  W abash  county,  Illinois — was, 
by  profession  when  enlisted,  a  farmer — was  a  native 
ofWabash  county,  Illinois.  The  lieutenant  was  a 
young  man  of  undoubted  integrity  ;  was  well  informed, 
intelligent  and  useful.  No  doubt,  if  his  life  had  been 
spared,  he  would  have  been  a  good  officer,  and  would 
have  rendered  great  service  to  our  country's  cause 
which  he  dearly  loved.  After  a  long  and  severe  ill 
ness  he  died  at  Faducah,  Kentucky,  on  the  llth  day  of 
October,  1861.  His  mortal  remains  were  taken  to  his 
friends  in  Illinois,  and  there  interred.  The  author  at 
tended  the  sick-bed  of  this  noble  young  man  in  his 
last  illness,  and  was  deeply  affected  to  see  the  patience 
with  which  he  endured  his  sufferings  ;  and  be  enter 
tains  no  doubts  that  the  tranquil  soul  gladly  accepted 
the  invitation  to  a  transit  from  the  sorrows  of  earth  to 
the  bliss  of  heaven.  To  his  many  ardent  friends  who 
mourn  his  death,  he  would  say,  do  not  lament  for  him  ; 
for  he  died  a  valiant  soldier  of  our  country,  with  his 
soul  buoyed  up  by  the  hope  of  glory. 

Second  Lieutenant  ABRAM  L.  HAMMAKER  was  a 
resident  of  Mier,  Wabash  county,  Illinois — was,  by 
occupation  when  enlisted,  a  miller — was  a  native  of 
Clark  county,  Ohio.  He  entered  the  service  in  Com 
pany  I,  at  its  original  organization,  as  orderly  sergeant, 
and  on  the  llth  of  October,  1861,  he  was  promoted  to 
second  lieutenant,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 


COMPANY    "  I."  45 

of  Lieutenant  Crackles.  He  served,  in  this  position, 
until  the  3d  day  of  June,  1862,  when  he  was  promo 
ted  to  captain  to  iill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna 
tion  of  Captain  Hoskinson.  This  officer  made  a  fine 
appearance  and  was  called  Company  I's  fancy  officer. 
He  discharged  his  official  duties  with  promptness  and 
exactness.  He  resigned  on  the  15th  of  March,  1863, 
his  health  being  very  much  impaired. 

First  Lieutenant  SAMUEL  B.  LINGENFELTER  resided 
near  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois — was,  by  occupation  when 
enlisted,  a  farmer — was  born  in  Wabash  county,  Illi 
nois.  He  entered  the  army  with  his  company, 
at  its  organization,  as  a  private  and  was  appointed 
corporal  in  the  tall  of  1861  ;  where  he  served  till  the 
3d  of  June,  1862,  when  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieu 
tenant.  He  is  well  liked  by  the  men  of  his  company 
and  will  surely  prove  to  be  an  able  and  efficient  officer. 
On  the  25ih  of  March,  1863,  he  was  promoted  to  cap 
tain. 

Lieutenant  WM.  M.  BENTON  was  a  resident  of  Al 
bion,  Illinois — and  was,  by  profession,  a  carpenter 

was  born  in  Upshur  county,  Virginia.  Entered  the 
army  as  third  sergeant  and  was  appointed  first  ser 
geant,  October  11,  1861.  Was  promoted  to  first  lieu 
tenant  March  25,  1863. 

Lieutenant  JOHN  M.  HOPKINS  was  a  resident  of  Few 
Baltimore,  Illinois— was,  by  profession,  a  school  teacher 
—was  a  native  of  Wayne  county,  Illinois.  Was  pro 
moted  to  second  lieutenant,  May  3,  1863. 

Second  Lieutenant  ISAAC  INGERSOLL  resided  in,  or 
near,  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois— was,  by  profession  when 
enlisted,  a  pilot— was  born  in  Wabash  county,  Illinois. 
He  entered  the  army  as  a  sergeant,  and  was  promoted 
to  second  lieutenant  on  the  3d  of  June,  1862,  but,  hav 
ing  poor  health,  was  discharged  on  the  8th  of  Jamiarv 
1863.  " 


46  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  "  K/' 

Company  K's  original  strength  was  seventy-one  en 
listed  men  and  three  commissioned  officers.  It  was 
organized  by  Captain  More  and  his  lieutenants,  at  Clay 
City,  Chi}7  county,  Illinois.  This  company  has  lost 
by  death  in  all,  since  its  organization,  nine  men. 

Names  and  post-office  address  of  all  deceased  men 
of  Company  K,  are  as  follows,  viz  : 

IT.  Cook,  private,  Palmersville,  Weakly  county,  Tenn. 

II.  II.  Cook,  lieutenant,  Clay  City,  Ills.,  died  of  wounds. 

Henry  Warner,  private,  Flora,  Clay  county,  Ills. 

Marquis  Jones,  private,  Mount  Erie,  Wayne  county,  Ills. 

George  Holman,  private,  Clay  City,  Ills. 

E.  Hearst,  private,  Ashley,  Ills. 

Isaac  Jones,  private,  Clay   City,  Ills. 

T.  McDaniel,  private,  Clay  City,  Ills. 

J.  J.  Hicks,  private,  Olney,  Ills. 

There  were  belonging  to  this  company  sixty-three 
farmers,  one  minister,  one  dentist,  one  clock-peddler, 
one  silversmith,  one  wagon-maker,  one  cabinet-maker, 
one  shoemaker,  one  ballad  maker,  one  mason,  one  car 
penter,  one  blacksmith. 

There  were  forty-one  single  men  belonging  to  this 
company,  and  thirty  men  who  were  married. 

Captain  JACOB  S.  MORE  was  a  resident  of  Clay  City, 
Clay  county,  Illinois,  and  was  an  itenerant  minister 
of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  when  he  entered 
the  army — was  a  native  of  St.  Glair  county,  Illinois. 
The  captain  was  a  good  and  expert  commander,  well 
versed  in  military  tactics.  He  served  faithfully,  being 
strict  in  his  official  duties.  In  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  he 
gave  unmistakable  evidence  of  his  true  pluck,  as  he 
did  not  flinch  when  the  rebel  balls  whistled  around. 
He  continued  with  the  regiment  at  his  post  of  duty 
until  he  was  honorably  discharged  on  the  ^6th  of  Jan 
uary,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  WOODRUFF  BLACKLIGE  resided  in, 


COMPANY    tvK.''  47 

or  near,  Clay  City,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when 
enlisted,  a  farmer,  and  was  born  in  Pulaski,  Kentucky. 
The  lieutenant  makes  a  fine  looking  officer  and  exe 
cutes  his  official  duties  with  promptness  and  exactness. 
His  conduct,  while  in  the  army,  has  been  of  such  a 
character  as  to  elicit  the  kindest  regards  of  all  his  fel 
low  soldiers,  both  his  superiors  and  inferiors.  At  the 
time  of  Capt.  More's  discharge,  or  on  the  26th  of  Jan 
uary,  1863,  Lieut.  Blacklige  was  promoted  to  captain. 
He  bids  fair  to  make  a  useful  and  capable  company 
commander. 

Second  Lieutenant  JOSEPH  B.  FIGG  resided  in  Clay 
City,  Illinois — and  was,  by  profession  when  enlisted,  a 

farmer — was  born  in .     Unfortunately,  for  this 

young  officer,  soon  after  his  entrance  in  the  army,  he 
was  taken  ill  and  never  recovered  until  it  became  neces 
sary  for  him  to  resign,  which  he  did  on  the  14th  of  Oc 
tober,  1861. 

Second  Lieutenant  H.  H.  COOK  resided  at,  or  near, 
Clay  City,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when  enlisted, 
a  farmer — was  a  native  of  Posey  county,  Indiana.  He 
entered  the  army  as  a  private  at  the  organization  of 
his  company,  in  which  position  he  served  until  the  14th 
of  October,  1861,  when  he  was  promoted  to  second 
lieutenant,  where  he  faithfully  served  to  the  time  of 
his  death,  or  until  he  received  the  wound  which  caused 
his  death.  He  received  a  fatal  wound  in  the  battle 
of  Shiloh  on  the  6th  of  April,  1862,  and,  on  the  llth 
of  April,  1862,  he  died  at  Savannah,  Tenn. 

Second  Lieutenant  EGBERT  F.  DAVIDSON  resided  in 
Clay  City,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when  enlisted, 
a  wagon -maker— was  born  in  Greene  county,  Illinois. 
The  lieutenant  is  a  promising  young  officer.  He 
served  as  orderly  sergeant  from  the  time  of  enlistment 
to  the  time  of  his  promotion.  On  the  llth  day  of 
April,  1862,  he  was  promoted  to  second  lieutenant, 


48  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

and  on  the  26th  of  January,  1863,  he  was  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant. 

Second  Lieutenant  JAMES  SMITH  was  a  resident  of 
Clay  county,  Illinois — was,  by  profession  when  enlisted, 
a  fanner — was  born  in  Oldham  county,  Kentucky. 
He  entered  the  service  as  a  private  in  which  place  he 
served  till  the  summer  of  1862,  when  he  was  ap 
pointed  orderly  sergeant ;  and,  on  the  26th  of  Jan 
uary,  1863,  was  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  which 
position  he  now  holds.  He  will,  doubtless,  make  a 
good  officer. 


CHAPTER  IY. 

A  Consolidated  Recapitulation  of  all  the  Companies. 

Having  given  in  the  two  previous  chapters  a  perfect 
account  of  the  losses,  the  original  strength,  and  an  out 
line  of  the  history  of  each  company,  we  will  now  write 
of  the  regiment;  giving,  in  a  consolidated  form,  the 
extent  of  the  loss  by  death,  the  per  cent,  of  men  that 
are  farmers,  and  the  number  of  men  that  are  married. 
On  the  same  plan  that  we  have  sketched  the  life  and 
official  character  of  the  line  officers,  we  will  also  give 
that  of  the  field  and  staff  officers. 

The  regiment  numbered  when  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service,  on  the  10th  of  August,  1861,  six 
hundred  and  forty-three  enlisted  men,  and  thirty-eight 
commissioned  officers.  It  has  since  been  increased  by 
recruits,  received  at  various  places  and  different  times, 
two  hundred  and  seventy-seven  men,  making  a  total 
of  nine  hundred  and  twenty  men  that  do  and  have  be 
longed  to  the  regiment  since  its  organization.  The 
regiment  was  ordered  to  encamp  so  soon  that  many 
did  not  arrived  at  the  camp  in  time  to  be  mustered  in 


RECAPITULATION    OF  ALL    THE    COMPANIES.  4:9 

with  the  regiment ;  but  a  large  number  joined  us  in  a 
few  days. 

On  the  bloody  battle  field  of  Shiloh,  Tennessee,  on 
6th  and  7th  of  April,  1862,  forty-six  enlisted  men,  and 
one  commissioned  officer  of  the  gallant  sons  of  the  For 
tieth  fell  in  that  desperate  conflict.  Their  bodies  now 
fill  lonely  graves  in  the  extended  burying  ground  near 
Pittsburg  Landing.  There  is  no  faithful  tomb-stone 
planted  there  to  mark  their  last  resting  place — but  the 
mangled  forms  of  many  spreading  trees,  caused  by  the 
cannon  ball  in  its  terrific  flight,  and  the  general  devas 
tation  that  meets  the  eye  on  every  side,  tell  the  mourn 
ful  tale  of  the  cause  of  so  many  unmarked  mounds,  in 
each  of  which  is  couched  the  molding  form  of  some 
loved  one  —  it  is  the  battle  field's  sorrowful  burying 
ground.  Let  it  hold  its  precious  trust  in  peace  until 
the  glorious  resurrection  morn. 

Twenty-eight  men  and  three  commissioned  officers 
have  since  died,  at  various  military  hospitals,  on  ac 
count  of  wounds  received  in  the  above-mentioned  en 
gagements.  Eighty-one  men  and  two  commissioned 
officers  have  died  of  disease  at  the  several  places  at 
which  the  regiment  has  been  stationed  since  its  organ 
ization.  One  man  since  has  been  killed  in  action. 
There  are,  of  the  nine  hundred  and  twenty  men  belong 
ing  to  the  regiment,  six  hundred  and  eighty  that  were, 
by  profession,  farmers — making  nearly  seventy-four 
per  cent,  of  the  whole.  There  were  five  hundred  and 
fifty-five  men  who  were  single  at  the  time  of  their  en 
listment,  and  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  men  who 
were  married,  making  a  majority  of  one  hundred  and 
ninety  in  favor  of  those  who  were  single. 

So  the  blooming  young  ladies  of  Southern  Illinois 
may  safely  expect  to  get  companions  from  the  old  For 
tieth  when  the  war  is  over,  should  they  wish  to  link 
their  destinies  with  our  Uncle  Sarn's  soldier  boys. 


50  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

And  will  those  lovely  girls  please  bear  in  mind  that 
the  Fortieth's  brave  Sucker  boys  still  remember  them 
with  feelings  of  the  kindest  regard. 

At  the  expiration  of  two  year's  service,  or  on  the 
25th  of  July,  1863,  the  regiment  numbered  four  hun 
dred  and  seventy-six  men,  and  thirty-six  commissioned 
officers,  making  its  aggregate  strength  five  hundred 
and  twelve. 

FIELD  AND  STAFF  OFFICERS. 

Col.  STEPHEN  G.  HICKS  was  born  in  Jackson  county, 
Georgia,  and  was  practicing  law  in  Salem,  Illinois, 
when  he  entered  the  army  and  took  command  of  the 
Fortieth  Regiment.  I  deem  it  useless  to  write  of  the 
official  character  of  our  venerable  commander,  as  the 
reader  will,  by  perusing  this  history,  learn  more  of 
his  official  conduct,  while  with  the  Fortieth,  than  I 
would  be  able  to  communicate,  should  I  write  a  lengthy 
treatise  on  the  subject. 

Lieut.  Col.  JAMES  W.  BOOTHE  was  a  resident  of  Kin- 
mundy,  Marion  county,  Illinois.  He  was  born  in,  or 
near,  Huntsville,  Alabama,  and  was,  by  profession, 
when  entering  the  army,  a  merchant. 

The  colonel  rendered  good  service,  and  was  well 
liked  by  all.  As  he  was  in  command  of  the  regiment 
during  the  summer  campaign  through  Tennessee,  the 
reader  may  learn  of  his  official  conduct  by  perusing 
the  pages  of  this  work,  which  gives  an  account  of  that 
campaign.  In  the  fall  of  1862  his  health  became  seri 
ously  impaired,  causing  him  to  be  honorably  dis 
charged  on  the  12th  day  of  January,  1863.  He  re 
turned  to  his  home,  but  soon  died  very  suddenly  on 
the  17th  of  February,  1863. 

Maj.  JOHN  B.  SMITH  resided  near  New  Baltimore, 
Wayne  county,  Illinois,  and  was,  by  profession,  a 
farmer.  He  was  born  in  Hamilton  county,  Illinois. 


FIELD    OFFICEES.  51 

The  major  was  a  man  possessingjmany  good  qualities, 
which  gained  for  him  the  love  and  respect  of  all  with 
whom  he  associated.  He  had  no  foppish  pride,  but 
was  plain  and  common  in  appearance.  In  the  battle 
of  Shiloh  he  exhibited  true  bravery.  On  account  of 
ill  health  he  was  compelled  to  resign  on  or  near  the 
20th  of  May,  1862,  when  he'  returned  to  his  home, 
where  he  now  resides. 

Lieut.  R.  S.  BAKNIIILL  was  a  resident  of  Fairfield, 
Illinois,  and  was  born  in  Wayne  county,  Illinois — 
was,  by  profession,  a  trader.  He  has  been  a  faith 
ful  soldier,  and  an  expert  officer.  He  was  appointed 
adjutant  at  the  regimental  organization,  where  he 
served  with  great  honor  to  himself,  and  general  sat 
isfaction  till  the  time  of  Major  Smith's  resignation, 
when  he  was  promoted  to  major  to  fill  the  vacancy. 
He  commanded  the  regiment  through  the  fall  cam 
paign  in  Mississippi.  On  the  13th  January,  1863,  the 
major  was  promoted  to  lieutenant  colonel  to  fill  a  va 
cancy  caused  by  the  discharge  of  James  W.  Boothe, 
and  was,  about  this  time,  appointed  provost  marshal, 
district  of  Corinth,  which  position  he  is  now  filling. 

Maj.  SAMUEL  W.  THOMPSON,  surgeon  of  Fortieth 
Regiment,"  was  a  resident  of  Xenia,  Illinois,  and  was 
born  in  Devonport,  England,  was,  by  profession,  when 
he  entered  the  army,  a  physician.  He  was  a  skillful 
surgeon,  and  it  was  supposed  well  posted  in  regard  to 
his  professional  duties.  He  resigned  on  the  3d  of 
June,  1862.  He  graduated  in  the  Medical  University 
at  Louisville,  in  1853,  and  was  a  successful  practitioner. 

Maj.  WILLIAM  ELLIOTT,  surgeon  of  the  regiment,  was 
a  resident  of  Salem,  Illinois,  and  was  a  native  of  Rich 
mond,  Virginia,  by  profession,  when  he  entered  the 
army,  a  physician.  He  was  appointed  surgeon  and 
commissioned  accordingly  on  the  3d  of  June,  1862. 
He  has  since  served  faithfully,  and  has  rendered  gene- 


52  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

ral  satisfaction.  As  to  the  hight  of  his  skilliulness 
in  surgery  and  his  knowledge  of  the  practice  of  medi 
cine,  I  am  not  capable  of  judging,  and  I  leave  the  sub 
ject  for  those  to  judge  who  are  capable  of  doing  so, 
and  who  are  acquainted  with  his  professional  conduct 
in  the  army. 

Captain  RICHARD  H/MASSEY,  chaplain,  was  a  resi 
dent  of  Mount  Erie,  Wayne  county,  Illinois — was,  at 
the  time  of  his  entrance  into  the  army,  an  itinerant 
minister  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  ;  and  be 
longed  to  the  Southern  Illinois  Conference.  He  was 
born  in  Pike  county,  Indiana,  and  wTas  a  son  of  the 
Rev.  James  Massey.  The  chaplain  was,  from  the  be 
ginning,  an  ardent  friend  to  the  Union  ;  and  was 
found  working  industriously  for  our  country's  cause 

He  commenced  his  labors  for  the  cause  by  organiz 
ing  a  company  of  men  for  the  service,  in  his  own  town. 
He  was  chosen  captain  of  the  company  ;  but  when  the 
regiment  was  organized,  he  was  appointed  chaplain, 
by  the  colonel,  and  received  a  commission  accordingly. 
He  has  remained  in  that  position  up  to  this  time. 

He  has  been  the  constant  friend  and  attendant  of  the 
sufferers  who  were  confined  in  the  regimental  hospi 
tals.  Some  criticize  his  moral  and  official  conduct, 
and  are  somewhat  inclined  to  censure  his  behavior; 
but  if  those  who  thus  speak  of  him  had  maintained, 
their  own  moral  integrity,  as  well  as  the  chaplain  his, 
they,  doubtless,  would  be  better  men  than  they  are. 

First  Lieutenant  A.  F.  TAYLOR,  quartermaster,  was 
a  resident  of  Mount  Yernon,  Jefferson  county,  Illinois, 
and  was,  by  profession,  when  he  entered  the  army  a 
"  merchant."  He  was  born  in  Schuyler  county,  Illinois. 

The  quartermaster  has  been  prompt  in  the  discharge 
of  his  duties,  having  always  kept  the  Old  Fortieth 
well  supplied  with  provisions  and  good  clothing.  He 
is  well  liked  by  all,  and  makes  a  good  commissary 


STAFF    OFFICERS.  53 

officer.     He  was  appointed  when  the  regiment  first 
entered  the  service,  and  has  been  with  it  ever  since. 

First  Lieutenant  WILLIAM  GRAHAM,  assistant  sur 
geon,  was  a  resident  of  Mount  Carmel,  Illinois,  was, 
by  profession,  a  physician,  and  was  born  in  White 
county,  Illinois.  The  doctor  has  been  a  faithful  at 
tendant  on  the  afflicted  in  the  regiment.  He  was  ap 
pointed  assistant  surgeon,  when  the  regiment  first  came 
into  the  service,  and  has  been  with  it  since  that  time, 
performing  his  professional  duties  with  promptness 
and  ability. 

Every  man  of  the  Fortieth  will  ever  remember  the 
doctor,  on  account  of  his  droll  sayings :  at  the  morn 
ing  call,  he  often  would  say  to  the  boys  who  were  there 
to  get  excused  from  duty,  "  I  think  you  are  playing  of-f, 
Til  mark  you  for  du-ty"  I  well  know  that  those  boys 
who  have  heard  the  doctor  pronounce  such  an  un 
pleasant  sentence  on  them,  will  not  forget  him  soon. 

First  Lieutenant  JAMES  Roy,  adjutant,  was  a  resi 
dent  of  Xenia,  Clay  county,  Illinois,  and  was,  by  pro 
fession,  a  clerk — was  a  native  of  Scotland.  He  was 
promoted  from  sergeant  major  to  adjutant,  on  the  20th 
day  of  May,  1862.  He  served,  in  this  position,  till 
he  resigned,  on  the  26th  day  of  June,  1863. 

First  Lieutenant  JOHN  W.  BAUGH,  adjutant,  was  a 
resident  of  Mount  Yernon,  Illinois — was,  by  profes 
sion,  when  enlisted,  a  saddler — was  born  in  Jefferson 
county,  Illinois.  He  was  appointed  quartermaster 
sergeant  at  the  time  of  his  enlistment,  and  was,  on  the 
29th  day  of  October,  1862,  promoted  to  second  lieu 
tenant  of  Company  "  F."  where  he  served  until  the 
26th  day  of  January,  1863,  when  he  was  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant  and  adjutant.  He  is  the  present  adju 
tant  of  the  regiment. 

First  Lieutenant  JOSEPH  W.  EDWARDS,  second  as 
sistant  surgeon,  was  a  resident  of  Mendota,  La  Salle 


54:  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

county,  Illinois,  and  was  born  in  Washington  City,  D. 
C.  He  was,  by  profession,  a  physician.  He  was  com 
missioned  second  assistant  surgeon  on  the  21st  day  of 
October,  1862. 

Major  H.  "W.  HALL  was  promoted  from  captain  of 
Company  "A"  to  major,  January  13,  1863,  and  has 
since  been  in  command  of  the  regiment.  An  histori 
cal  account  of  the  major  will  be  found  in  Company  A's 
report. 

NON-COMMISSIONED   STAFF. 

Samuel  Winans,  sergeant  major  ; 

W.  Havens,  quartermaster  sergeant  j 

David  Lewis,  commissary  sergeant; 

William  Turner,  hospital  steward  ; 

Sergeant  Samuel  McGrew,  color  bearer  ; 

H.  H.  Beecher  &  Co.,  sutlers; 

John  Chapman  and  Isaac  Young,  chief  musicians. 


CHAPTER  V. 

Our  Encampment  and   sojourn  at   Clear  Lake,    or  Camp  Butler,  Illi 
nois. 

Now,  kind  reader,  as  you  have  seen  in  the  conclu 
sion  of  Chapter  First,  that  the  Fortieth  Regiment  ar 
rived  and  encamped  at  Clear  Lake,  on  the  6th  day  of 
August,  we  will  give  you  a  description  of  its  en 
campment  at  that  place,  which  was  then  denominated 
Camp  Butler;  by  which  name  it  is  yet  called.  We 
drew  the  tent,  which  is  commonly  called  the  wedge 
tent,  and  six  men  were  to  occupy  each  tent.  The  tents 
of  each  company  were  tastefully  arranged,  in  two  rows, 
with  a  street  between  ;  and  the  door  of  each  tent  open 
ing  into  the  street.  The  evening  of  the  day  of  our 
arrival  was  occupied  in  clearing  off  the  ground,  erect 
ing  our  cloth  habitations,  and  in  preparing  our  even 
ing  meal ;  for  we  soon  drew  a  good  supply  of  rations, 
consisting  of  the  following  articles :  good  light  bread, 


CAMP    BUTLEK.  55 

ham,   potatoes,  coffee,  sugar,  rice,  molasses,  pepper, 
tea,  and,  in  fact,  a  general  assortment  of  soldiers'  food. 

We  were,  indeed,  quite  awkward  in  the  arrange 
ment  of  our  culinary  department ;  yet  we  succeeded 
in  preparing  our  food,  in  a  rough  style,  which  suited 
us  quite  well.  Night  at  length  came,  and,  as  our 
generous  old  Uncle  Sam  had  already  furnished  each  of 
us  with  a  good,  heavy,  woolen  blanket,  we  entered  our 
little  tents,  which  we  used  as  a  bedchamber,  as  well 
as  for  a  sitting  room  ;  and  spread  our  blankets,  and 
made  quite  comfortable  lodgings  for  the  night.  Thus, 
we  commenced  learning  to  soldier. 

Wednesday,  7th.  This  was  a  pleasant  morning — the 
new  Sucker  regiment  are  all  astir,  and  are  all  in  fine 
spirits ;  the  forenoon  was  spent  in  clearing  up  our 
camp  in  the  grove. 

It  may  interest  the  reader  to  have  a  description  of 
this  pleasant  encampment,  which  was,  when  we  en 
tered  it,  a  new  one ;  but,  since,  has  become  a  notable 
place  for  the  rendezvous  and  military  instruction  of 
Illinois  volunteer  troops.  Our  camp  was  situated  on 
the  eastern  bank  of  Clear  Lake,  which  lies  seven  miles 
east  of  Springfield.  That  was  a  pleasant  place  for  a 
camp,  and  the  short  time  we  were  permitted  to  remain 
there,  we  did  quite  well ;  enjoying  the  fine  part  of 
soldiering.  We  were  ordered  to  bathe  in  the  lake 
twice  or  thrice  per  week  ;  and,  as  there  was  abundance 
of  pure  water,  this  was  evidently  a  healthy  encamp 
ment.  After  fitting  up  our  tents  and  cooking  arrange 
ments,  in  fine  order,  all  pitched  in  to  "  drop  a  few  lines" 
to  their  home-friends,  giving  them  the  intelligence  of 
the  whereabouts  of  the  new  soldiers. 

Thursday,   Sth.     This  morning  the   regiment  was 
brought  out  in  line,  for  the  purpose  of  electing  regi 
mental   officers.     The   different  candidates   who  pre 
sented  themselves  for  the  various  offices,  which  were 


56  FORTIETH   ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

to  be  filled,  would  then  pass  clown  the  line,  asking  the 
favor  of  those  in  ranks,  promising  to  serve,  in  their 
respective  capacities,  to  the  best  of  their  abilities.  As 
a  candidate  passed  a  company  where  his  friends  were, 
they  would  cheer  him  with  wild  and  enthusiastic 
shouts.  All  things  passed  off  harmoniously.  The 
election  resulted  as  follows :  for  lieutenant-colonel,  J. 
W.  Boothe,  of  Kinmundy  ;  for  major,  John  B.  Smith, 
of  New  Baltimore.  Col.  Hicks  made  the  following 
appointments  :  for  adjutant,  R.  S.  Barnhill,  of  Fair- 
field  ;  for  quartermaster,  A.  F.  Taylor,  of  Mount  Ver- 
non  :  non-commissioned  staff  officers,  as  follows  :  ser 
geant  major,  R.  M.  Hu liable  ;  quartermaster  sergeant, 

IS.  H.  Watson  ;  commissary  sergeant, .     Nothing 

more  of  much  importance  occurred  during  the  remain 
ing  part  of  this  day,  or  the  next.  The  weather  was 
quite  pleasant,  and  some  company  drill  going  on. 

Saturday,  Wth.  This  day  we  were  sworn  into  the 
United  States  service,  in  this  manner.  Each  com 
pany  was  formed  in  two  ranks,  in  their  own  street, 
when  Captain  Pitchers,  the  mustering- officer,  would 
stand  in  the  front,  and  require  every  man  to  lift  his 
right  hand,  when  he  would  administer  the  following 
oath  :  "  Do  you  solemnly  swear  that  you  will  serve 
the  United  States,  and  obey  your  superior  officers,  and 
the  orders  of  the  President  oi  the  United  States  for  the 
term  of  three  years,  if  not  sooner  discharged  '?"  After 
all  were  thus  mustered  in,  they  were  next  marched 
to  a  house  close  by,  where  a  board  of  medical  exam 
iners  made  a  thorough  examination  of  all  who  had 
been  mustered,  and  if  any  physical  defect  was  discov 
ered,  they  were  dismissed,  and  sent  to  their  homes  at 
once.  That  busy  day  closed,  and  we  were  now  Uncle 
Sam's  soldier  boys,  indeed.  We  were  then  in  for  it, 
' whole  hog  or  none" 
Sunday,  lltli.  At  daylight  this  morning,  we  struck 


ENCAMPMENT    AT    JEFFEESON    BARRACKS.  57 

tents,  and  packed  up  our  camp  equipage,  ready  for 
moving.  At  sunrise,  all  things  being  ready  for  the 
proposed^  march,  teams  came  into  our  camp,  from  the 
adjoining  farms,  to  convey  our  baggage  to  the  rail 
road,  for  we  were  then  not  in  possession  of  any  army 
teams. 

The  regiment  was  formed,  and  put  in  marching  or 
der,  when  we  took  up  our  line  of  inarch  for  James 
town,  on  the  railroad,  with  all  our  baggage,  etc.,  in 
good  order,  at  eight  o'clock,  A.  M. 

This  was  a  pleasant  Sabbath  day ;  and  here  we 
learned  that  the  observance  of  the  holy  day  of  rest  is 
a  solemn  duty,  which  can  not  always  be  observed  ;  for, 
since  we  have  been  in  the  service,  we  have  been  called 
upon  to  execute  some  of  the  most  laborious  and  peril 
ous  duties  on  this  day.  The  principles  of  war,  and  of 
moral  and  Christian  rectitude,  are  so  directly  opposite 
to  each  other,  the  laws  governing  one  will  naturally 
conflict  with  those  of  the  other. 

We  arranged  our  camp  equipage  on  the  railroad, 
and  remained  there  in  readiness  for  the  approaching 
train,  which  soon  arrived  for  us.  At  ten  o'clock,  we 
were  all  aboard,  comfortably  seated  in  fine  passenger 
cars,  and  speeding  away  to  the  west.  We  passed 
through  Springfield — our  noble  State  capital  ;  but  did 
not  stop  long  enough  to  visit  any  ;  for  we  were  soon 
on  our  way  across  the  beautiful  prairies  of  Central  Illi 
nois,  which  is  indeed  the  garden  spot  of  the  world. 

We  were  then  traveling  over  the  railroad,  leading 
from  Springfield  to  Alton  ;  and  we  passed  many  fine, 
flourishing  villages  where  the  citizens  had  good,  pure 
cold  water,  and  other  refreshments  prepared  for  us  and 
gave  us  a  hearty  welcome.  We  passed  through  Alton 
in  the  afternoon,  stopping  only  a  very  few  moments, 
when  we  proceeded  on  our  journey  clown  the  Missis 
sippi  river,  until  four  o'clock  P.  M.,  when  we  arrived 


58  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

at  lllinoistown,  whicli  is  just  opposite  St.  Louis,  Mis 
souri.  There  we  unloaded  our  baggage  and  went  to 
to  the  wharf  to  await  a  boat,  which  was  to  convey  us 
to  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri. 

At  nine  o'clock,  the  steamer  "  City  of  Alton  "  land 
ed,  and  we  wrent  on  board  of  her,  wrhere  we  lodged 
during  the  night.  The  steamer  remained  at  the  wharf 
all  night,  and  at  nine  o'clock  next  morning,  she  got 
up  steam  and  moved  down  the  river.  We  arrived  at 
Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  which  is  twelve  miles 
below  St.  Louis,  at  twelve  o'clock  M.  Not  having 
drawn  any  rations  since  our  departure  from  Camp  But 
ler,  we  were  beginning  to  feel  as  if  some  army  grub 
would  be  very  acceptable. 

Our  camping  ground  was  allotted  to  us,  just  thirty 
rods  south  of  the  barracks.  As  soon  as  our  tents  were 
erected,  we  drew  rations  and  prepared  something 
to  eat,  as  our  appetites  were  threatening  immediate 
mutiny.  Our  bread  rations  consisted  of  full  allowance 
of  hard  crackers,  in  which  there  were  an  abundance  of 
bugs  ;  these  crackers,  the  boys  firmly  asserted,  wrere 
left  at  the  close  of  the  revolutionary  war,  and  were 
held  in  waiting  for  the  present  war.  We  had  to  live 
on  this  abominable  hard  bread  while  here  ;  but  we 
drew  more  coffee  and  sugar  than  we  used.  These  ar 
ticles  we  could  trade  with  the  country  folks  for  vege 
tables  or  fruits,  and,  by  these  means,  we  managed  to 
live  quite  well,  considering  our  chances. 

We  were  then  kept  busy  drilling  every  day.  Health 
was  not  good  among  the  boys,  as  a  sudden  change  of 
diet  and  of  water  naturally  brings  on  numerous  dis 
eases,  which,  fortunately,  were  not  of  a  serious  char 
acter. 

Brigadier  General  Curtis  was  in  command  at  that 
post.  The  barracks  were  then  occupied  b}T  a  few  reg 
ular  soldiers,  and  were  quite  filthy,  unhealthy  and  un- 


EMBARK    FOE    BIRDS5    POINT,    MISSOURI.  59 

pleasant.  This  was  a  very  unhealthy  place,  as  there 
were  numerous  sinks  through  that  region  of  country  in 
which  there  was  much  stagnated  water  and  decaying 
vegetation,  which  throws  off  miasma  and  causes  many 
billious  diseases.  The  water  was  also  quite  impure  ; 
the  springs  send  forth  clear  and  beautiful  water,  but  it 
has  been  discovered  that  it  passes  through  some  nox 
ious  minerals,  rendering  it  unhealthy. 

Nothing  of  particular  importance  occurred  after  our 
encampment  at  this  place,  up  to  Wednesday,  14th  ; 
when,  at  twelve  o'clock,  we  were  ordered  to  strike  tents 
and  move  to  the  river  immediately,  where  we  were  to 
wait  for  the  arrival  of  a  boat,  which  was  to  convey  us 
to  some  other  station.  While  there  waiting  transpor 
tation,  we  passed  many  jokes  about  moving  against  the 
enemy  without  any  arms,  as  we  had  riot  received  our 
guns  yet.  We  remained  there  during  that  day  and  until 
noon  of  the  next,  when  we  were  ordered  back  to  our 
old  camping  ground ;  where  we  again  pitched  our 
tents,  feeling  that  our  great  movement  was  quite  a 
"  bore." 

Quiet  again  being  restored  in  camp,  "we  proceeded 
to  perform  the  regular  routine  of  duty.  Weather  was 
quite  pleasant  and  we  were  still  hard  at  drill.  We 
amused  ourselves  occasionally  by  taking  rambles 
through  the  surrounding  country,  where  the  hospitable 
citizens  would  give  us  an  abundance  of  fine  fruits  to  eat. 

Sabbath,  18th.  Divine  services  were  held  in  the  shady 
grove,  near  the  camp,  by  our  Chaplain  K.  H.  Massey, 
who  delivered  a  feeling  and  interesting  sermon,  exhort 
ing  all  to  continue  in  the  service  of  God,  and  to  be 
obedient  soldiers. 

Nothing  of  special  interest  occurred  during  the  fol 
lowing  week,  only  that  we  drew  our  arms  and  equip 
ments.  Our  guns  wrere  the  old  ''Harpers'  Ferry" 
musket,  with  percussion  lock.  We  were  on  company 


60  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

drill  every  day  endeavoring  to  be  soldiers,  and  to  un 
derstand  our  profession. 

Wednesday,  28th.  This  day  was  quite  warm,  and 
our  regiment  drilled  batallion  drills  for  the  first  time, 
Col.  Hicks  commanding.  This  was  rather  interesting 
exercise  for  us,  but  we  soon  grew  tired  of  such  fun. 

Friday,  30th.  This  was  a  beautiful  day,  and  the  fore 
noon  was  spent  in  the  usual  manner,  that  is,  in  drilling. 
In  the  afternoon  we  struck  tents  again  and  moved  all 
our  "  traps  "  to  the  river,  and  soon  the  steamer  Des 
Moines  came  up  and  we  went  on  board,  moving  all  our 
camp  equipage  on  also. 

Late  in  the  evening  we  started  and  passed  up  the 
river  a  short  distance  and  took  some  fuel  and  other 
articles  on  board,  when  we  returned  to  the  landing  at 
the  barracks  after  dark  and  remained  here  over  the 
night. 

On  the  morning  of  the  31st  of  August,  at  early 
dawn,  we  moved  down  the  great  Mississippi  river.  It 
was  a  pleasant  day  and  we  enjoyed  our  journey  quite 
well.  In  the  afternoon,  we  passed  Cape  Girardeau, 
where  we  saw  large  camps  of  Union  troops,  who  had 
been  lately  sent  there  to  guard  that  point.  We  went 
below  this  place  several  miles  when  night  came  on  us, 
and  we  landed  on  the  Illinois  side,  and  stopped  for  the 
night. 

Sunday,  Sept.  1st.  Early  this  morning  we  went  on 
shore  and  cooked  rations,  and  made  breakfast  in  the 
best  possible  manner.  We  then  proceeded  on  our  jour 
ney  down  the  river  ;  it  was  a  beautiful  day  and  all 
things  seemed  lovely  on  the  green  banks  of  the  ma 
jestic  Mississippi.  At  9  A.  JVL,  we  arrived  at  Birds' 
Point,  Missouri,  which  is  opposite  Cairo,  Illinois. 
There  were  several  Illinois  regiments  stationed  here, 
among  which  was  the  Forty-first  Regiment  Illinois  in 
fantry,  which  has  become  quite  familiar  with  the  Fortieth 


DRILLING DREW    OUR    MILITARY    SUIT.  61 

Regiment,  since  that  time.  We  stopped  at  this  place 
and  encamped  in  an  open  field,  just  on  the  outside  of 
the  breastworks  on  the  bank  of  the  river.  We  cleared 
off  our  drill  ground  and  followed  our  constant  employ 
ment,  while  stationed  here — that  is  drilling1. 

A  good  number  of  the  boys  procured  passes  while 
we  were  here,  and  visited  their  friends  in  the  18th 
Regiment  Illinois  Infantry,  which  was  encamped  at 
Mound  City. 

One  night  while  here,  there  was  a  false  alarm  given, 
and  Col.  Hicks  had  the  regiment  out  in  line  as  soon  as 
possible,  and  the  boys  felt  sure  the  dreadful  hour  of 
battle  had  surely  come ;  for  we  had  all  necessary  pre 
parations  made,  and  stood  in  ;t  battle's  magnificently 
stern  array  "  for  sometime,  momentarily  expecting  to 
hear  the  clash  of  arms — but  we  have  since  learned  that 
this,  and  similar  flurries,  were  merely  brought  on  to 
try  us  while  we  were  "green."  We  now  clear  off  our 
drill-ground,  and  proceed  to  follow  our  same  occupa 
tion,  i.  e.,  drilling.  Weather  quite  warm,  and  the 
heavy  timber  being  close  to  our  encampment,  causes 
the  air  to  be  very  sultry  and  disagreeable. 

Thursday,  September  5,  1861.  To-day  we  drew  our 
military  uniform,  which  added  very  much  to  our  sol 
dierly  appearance,  (causing  all  to  siep  quite  proudly), 
and  made  us  feel  as  though  we  were  soldiers.  But  it 
will  be  remembered  that  all  the  Fortieth's  boys  were 
then  fresh  and  full  of  "  Yankee  Doodle." 

While  we  were  stationed  here  we  did  some  picket 
duty,  and  our  line  of  pickets  extended  through  a  dense 
pawpaw  thicket  south  of  the  camp.  Such  scary  looking 
places  kept  such  suspicious  fellows  as  we  quite  wide 
awake  and  vigilant. 

Saturday,  September  7.  This  morning  we  received 
orders  to  move  to  Paducah,  Kentucky.  Accordingly  all 
our  camp  equipage  was  removed  to  the  landing,  and 


62  EORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY.     ' 

was  marie  ready  for  loading  on  board  the  steamers. 
The  regiment  went  on  board  the  steamer  Louisiana 
in  the  afternoon-— we  started  up  the  beautiful  Ohio 
river — the  evening  was  a  pleasant  one,  and  our  trip 
was  very  agreeable.  We  arrived  at  Paducah  a  little 
after  dark,  and  landed  at  one  of  the  wharf-boats  and 
disembarked.  Here  we  slept  on  the  wharf-boats,  and 
where  we  could  most  conveniently  rest  our  heads. 
During  the  night  two  or  three  other  boats  arrived  with 
the  9th,  12th  and  41st  Illinois  Infantry  on  board  them. 

Sunday,  September  8.  This  was  a  beautiful  morn 
ing,  indeed.  We  built  camp  fires  along  the  wharf 
and  prepared  our  morning  meal ;  while  the  citizens  of 
the  village  eyed  us  with  rather  a  suspicious  gaze,  as 
we  were  the  first  Federal  soldiers  that  had  occupied 
this  town  ;  and  its  inhabitants  were  secesh  of  the  deep 
est  dye,  as  future  developments  clearly  demonstrated. 
About  9  o'clock  A.  M.,  we  formed  in  line  and  marched 
through  the  village  on  Broadway  to  the  northwest  side 
of  the  town,  where  we  took  up  our  camping  ground. 
All  the  teams  and  drays  which  were  found  on  the 
streets,  or  elsewhere,  were  pressed  at  once  to  convey 
our  baggage  and  tents  to  our  camping  ground.  All 
the  regiments  which  arrived  at  the  landing  the  previ 
ous  evening  were  disembarking  and  camping  here 
also. 

Paducah  was  a  fine  village,  being  located  on  the 
Ohio  river  at  the  mouth  of  the  Tennessee,  and  at  the 
northern  terminus  of  the  Ohio  and  New  Orleans  Rail 
road  ;  but  cars  are  not  running  on  the  road  at  this  time. 

The  occupation  of  this  place  by  the  Union  Army 
was  of  great  benefit,  as  the  rebels  were  transporting 
an  abundance  of  army  supplies  up  the  Tennessee  river, 
and  otherwise  to  the  Confederate  Army. 


PADUCAH,    KENTUCKY.  63 

CHAPTER  VI. 

Account  of  the  Operations  of  the  Regiment  while  Garrisoned  at  Padu- 
cah,  Kentucky. 

For  six  months  the  history  of  our  regiment  must  be 
connected  with  the  pleasant  village  of  Paducah,  Ken 
tucky  ;  a  short  discription  of  which  has  already  been 
given. 

It  was  here  we  labored  almost  incessantly  for  the 
cause  which  we  dearly  loved,  and  the  Fortieth  did  it 
without  a  murmur. 

The  importance  of  this  position,  as  a  military  center, 
was  readily  seen  by  our  commanders,  and  no  pains 
nor  labor  was  spared  to  strengthen  and  hold  it.  All 
the  troops  at  this  point  were  severely  taxed  with  labor 
to  render  it  a  strong  and  convenient  military  post. 
We  were  compelled  to  work  almost  continually  for 
sometime  after  our  arrival  at  this  place,  as  an  attack 
was  daily  expected  by  the  rebel  forces,  which  were 
then  occupying  Columbus,  Kentucky,  only  forty  miles 
in  our  rear.  Our  picket  line  extended  from  the  mouth  of 
the  Tennessee  above  to  the  Ohio  river  below,  the  entire 
village  and  camps  making  nearly  a  straight  line.  This 
was  the  most  perfect  line  of  pickets  we  ever  saw,  as 
all  the  Fortieth  will  well  remember.  We  were  well 
acquainted  with  this  line,  as  every  one  spent  many 
sleepless  nights  on  it,  faithfully  watching  for  the  hos 
tile  foe.  While  we  were  garrisoned  here  we  were  well 
provided  for.  Our  commissary  department  was  well 
supplied  with  good,  healthy  army  rations  in  abun 
dance.  We  drew  good  soft  bread,  and  by  trading  our 
surplus  rations  in  market  for  vegetables,  we  had  more 
luxuries  than  sol  Hers  usually  receive.  After  the 
earthworks  on  the  different  roads  were  completed  we 
next  commenced  erecting  formidable  works  around  the 


64  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

Marine  Hospital,  which,  when  finished,  were  denomin 
ated  "Fort  Anderson."  This  little  fort  required  a 
vast  amount  of  labor — a  goodly  portion  fell  to  the  For 
tieth,  as  usual.  The  usual  routine  of  camp  duties — 
fatigue  and  guard  duty,  was  daily  being  enacted.  Many 
pleasing  little  incidents  occurred  among  us  during  the 
fall  and  winter,  which  we  would  love  to  relate  had  we 
the  time  and  space — but  must  refrain  and  pursue  the 
narative. 

ORGANIZATION  OF  TROOPS. 

The  troops  located  at  this  post  were  organized  as 
follows  :  by  Brig.  Gen.  Charles  F.  Smith,  commander 
of  the  post,  subject  to  the  orders  of  Gen.  Grant. 

The  first  brigade,  composed  of  the  Forty-first  Illi 
nois,  Twelfth  Illinois,  and  the  Fortieth  Illinois  Infantry, 
was  commanded  by  Brig.  Gen.  E.  A.  Paine.  The 
second  brigade,  composed  of  the  Eleventh  Indiana,  the 
Twenty-third  Indiana,  the  Eighth  Missouri,  and  the 
Ninth  Illinois,  was  commanded  by  Col.  Wallace  of  the 
Eleventh  Indiana  Infantry,  who  has  so  justly  arisen  to 
his  high  position  as  an  efficient  and  patriotic  officer. 

Next  was  the  Chicago  Battery  of  Light  Artillery, 
Company  UA,"  which  was  attached  to  the  second 
brigade,  and  Buell's  Battery,  belonging  to  the  first 
brigade. 

Under  the  scrutinizing  discipline  of  old  Charley 
Smith,  this  department  was  conducted  strictly,  and  in 
military  style. 

Now,  attentive  reader,  after  having  given  you  a 
short  sketch  of  the  soldiers  with  whom  we,  for  the  first 
time,  were  to  associate,  also  a  brief  description  of  the 
scene  of  our  labors,  we  will  proceed  to  write  of  the 
many  occurrences  which  transpired  during  our  encamp 
ment  in  that  pleasant  situation. 

Our  pickets  had   been  annoyed  for  some  time  by 


OUR   MARCH    TO    M1LLBURN.  65 

prowling  bands — supposed  to  be  the  rebel  citizens — 
between  our  camp  and  Columbus,  This  annoyance 
gave  rise  to  several  vigilant  searches  by  several  bodies 
of  our  forces  from  this  place  through  the  surrounding 
country,  to  try,  if  possible,  to  find  those  villains,  who 
were  thus  disturbing  us.  On  the  night  of  the  llth 
October,  two  companies  of  the  Fortieth,  and  two  com- 
pan-'es  of  the  Forty-first,  under  the  command  of  Lieut. 
Col.  Tupper  of  the  Forty-first,  marched  through  the 
surrounding  country,  some  ten  miles  out  on  a  scout. 
We  marched  nearly  all  night,  and  succeeded  in  captur 
ing  several  suspicious  looking  fellows,  and  some  arms 
and  ammunition. 

This  was  our  first  scout.  On  the  15th  of  October, 
Colonel  Hicks  called  the  regiment  into  line,  inarched 
it  into  town,  and  formed  in  front  of  the  St.  Francis 
Hotel.  Here  two  of  the  line  officers  took  the  stars  and 
stripes,  carried  them  to  the  top  of  the  building  and 
hoisted  them  on  the  same  staff  from  which,  only  a  few 
months  previous,  the  "  stars  and  bars,"  emblem  of 
treason  and  rebellion,  had  waved.  We  now  "  pre 
sented  arms  to  the  flag  of  our  Union,"  after  which  the 
colonel  made  some  patriotic  remarks,  when  we  cheered 
loudly,  and  marched  back  to  our  camps. 

At  this  time  some  sickness  prevailed  in  camps 
(mostly  fevers),  and  occasionally  a  death.  On  the  5th 
of  November,  we  received  orders  to  be  in  readiness  to 
march  at  a  moment's  notice.  Various  conjectures  were 
made  in  regard  to  our  anticipated  movement ;  and 
every  preparation  was  completed  for  the  march.  At 
two  o'clock  P.  M.,  on  the  6th,  we  packed  our  traps, 
consisting  of  the  following  articles,  viz :  knapsacks, 
containing  blankets,  etc.,  canteens,  haversacks,  with 
three  days  rations  of  hard  bread  and  meat,  cartridge 
boxes  with  forty  rounds  of  ammunition  ;  this  you  see, 
was  almost  a  load  for  a  mule  ;  but  we  knew  nothing 
6 


6(3  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTttEli    INFANTRY. 

of  soldiering  yet  ami  thought  it  necessary  to  carry 
such  burdensome  loads.  We  moved  out  an  ."I  formed 
with  the  brigade  in  front  of  Gen.  Smith's  headquarters, 
then,  with  the  artillery,  we  took  up  our  line  of  march 
to  the  west,  on  the  4>Millbnrn"  road — General  E.  A. 
Paine,  commanding. 

The  afternoon  was  quite  warm,  and,  with  our  heavy 
loads,  we  were  greatly  fatigue J.  We  halted  and 
camped  for  the  night,  at  nine  o'clock,  on  the  bank  of 
May  field  creek,  where  we  were  soon  snugly  wrapped  in 
our  blankets  among  the  dry  leaves,  taking  the  repose 
we  very  much  needed. 

Thursday,  Nov.  7.  Ere  the  day  dawned,  all  were 
aroused  from  their  peaceful  slumbers  by  the  roll  of 
the  drum  ;  and  every  one  was  soon  preparing  the 
morning  meal  of  hard  rations,  which  was  speedily 
finished,  and,  at  sunrise,  we  were  on  the  line  of  march, 
pressing  toward  Columbus. 

About  ten  o'clock  we,  unfortunately,  took  the  wrong 
road  and  inarched  nearly  four  miles,  when  the  mistake 
was  discovered,  and  we  at  once  began  retracing  our 
steps.  At  noon  we  halted,  rested  an  hour,  and  took 
some  refreshments—such  as  hard  tack. 

We  again  moved  on,  while  we  could  plainly  hear 
the  roar  of  artillery.  This  gave  new  energy  to  all 
the  boys,  causing  them  to  step  off  more  rapidly,  as  all 
seemed  to  expect  soon  to  participate  in  the  contest 
which  we  could  distinctly  hear  raging  with  desperate 
fury.  There  was  a  general  anxiety  manifested  to  en 
gage  in  the  affray,  if  there  was  any  possible  chance. 

We  marched  very  hard  all  the  afternoon— many 
were  overdone  and  were  compelled  to  stop  by  the  road 
side,  perfectly  exhausted.  .But  the  cannons,  at  Colum 
bus,  continued  to  roar,  and  our  boys  pressed  forward 
with  unflinching  energy  and  perseverence  toward  the 
scene  of  action.  At  eight  o'clock,  P.  M.,  we  arrived, 


BKTURN    FKOM    MILLBUKN.  67 

greatly  wearied,  at  "  Millburn,"  where  we  soon  were 
stretched  out  on  the  ground,  taking  sweet  repose 
among  the  heavy  crop  of  "  dog-fennel "  and  weeds  in 
the  town. 

We  were  then  within  twelve  miles  of  Columbus, 
and  supposed  that,  early  next  morning,  we  would 
move  in  on  Mr.  Robs ;  but  we  were  greatly  disap 
pointed  ;  for,  at  the  dawn  of  the  next  day,  we  received 
orders  to  inarch  back  for  Paducah,  as  speedily  as  pos 
sible.  Accordingly,  after  we  had  broiled  some  fresh 
meat,  which  came  into  our  camp  by  some  strange 
means,  and  had  eaten  a  bountiful  meal  of  the  same, 
we  took  up  our  line  of  march. 

It  was  with  great  reluctance  we  turned  back,  for  the 
chief  desire  of  the  Fortieth  "  boys  "  was  to  continue 
in  the  direction  of  our  enemies'  whereabouts.  We 
marched  all  day  without  any  rations,  and  camped,  just 
at  sundown,  on  the  same  creek  on  which  we  camped 
the  h'rsfc  night  of  the  march.  Here  we  foraged  some 
hogs  and,  of  them,  made  our  evening  meal.  During 
the  night  there  was  a  fall  of  rain,  rather  disturbing 
our  rest,  and  rendering  the  roads  somewhat  slippery 
for  marching  the  next  morning.  Without  any  break 
fast,  or  any  rations  of  which  to  make  a  breakfast,  the 
Fortieth  marched  out,  and  started  for  camp  ;  but  soon 
Gen.  Paine  met  the  regiment,  and  ordered  the  colonel 
not  to  proceed  further,  until  he  received  the  proper 
orders.  The  colonel  replied  :  u  that  his  regiment  was 
out  of  rations,  and  there  was  none  prepared  for  them, 
and  that  they  were  hungry,  and  he  was  going  to  march 
them  to  camp,  where  there  were  rations,  as  soon  as 
possible." 

The  "  Fortieth  "  was  formed  in  proper  order,  moved 
forward,  and  did  not  make  a  halt  until  we  arrived  at 
camp,  about  two  o'clock,  P.  M.  There  were  many 
stragglers — in  fact,  this  march  was  conducted  in  rather 


DO  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

a  poor  manner.  Whose  fault  it  was,  I  am  not  able  to 
say.  It  is  enough  that  the  Old  Fortieth  did  her  duty 
to  the  best  of  her  ability. 

When  we  learned  that  the  engagement  we  heard 
was  the  great  battle  of  Belmont,  in  which  our  brave 
Union  army  was  defeated,  there  were  loud  complaints 
that  we  could  not  reach  the  place  in  time  to  render  our 
brave  comrades  in  arms  the  help  which  might  have 
secured  for  the  Union  boys  a  glorious  victory. 

A  few  days  were  now  spent  in  resting  in  camp,  and 
in  greedily  devouring  our  army  rations,  which  seemed 
quite  palatable  after  having  done  without  for  a  short 
time. 

Nov.  16.  At  seven  o'clock  in  the  evening,  we  re 
ceived  orders  to  be  in  readiness  to  march  at  ten  o'clock. 
There  was  a  train  of  twenty -five  army  wagons  to  go 
with  us,  and  we  were  allowed  to  stow  away  our  knap 
sacks  and  blankets  in  them,  as  they  were  empty. 
This  gave  us  a  much  better  chance  than  we  had  on 
the  previous  march.  All  things  fully  ready,  we  set 
out  at  the  appointed  hour,  with  two  days'  rations,  in 
company  with  the  "Forty-first  Illinois,"  and  one  bat 
tery  of  artillery. 

The  march  was  quite  pleasant,  the  air  being  cool, 
and  the  roads  not  so  dusty  after  night.  We  kept  up 
a  steady  inarch  all  night.  The  object  of  this  move 
ment  was,  as  usual,  enveloped  in  gloom. 

We  were  told  during  the  night,  that  we  were  to  sur 
prise  a  small  body  of  rebels,  that  was  guarding  a  mill, 
which  we  afterward  learned  was  the  intention  of  our 
commander. 

Just  at  daylight  we  came  to  the  mill ;  but  the  rebel 
guards  had  fled,  and  we  did  not  get  sight  of  them. 

The  mill  was  located  near  a  small  town,  called  Love- 
laceville,  where  the  enemy  had  been  getting  large 
supplies  of  flour,  to  feed  their  army  at  Columbus  ; 


GOOD    TIMES.,  69 

but,  at  our  approach,  the  guards  fled  and  left  their 
heavy  supply  of  wheat,  which  fell  into  our  hands. 
When  we  reached  the  mill,  we  stacked  our  arms  and 
took  a  short  rest,  for  we  were  quite  weary;  having 
marched  from  our  camp,  a  distance  of  sixteen  miles, 
without  taking  any  rest.  Our  teams  were  brought  up, 
and  all  the  wheat  was  loaded  on  them,  amounting  to 
near  twelve  hundred  bushels.  There  were  fifty-five 
hogs,  one  jack,  and  one  valuable  horse,  all  of  which 
were  promptly  confiscated,  and  our  boys  drove  them 
off  to  Paducah.  After  getting  our  wagons  loaded 
and  the  stock,  we  started  back  ;  on  the  return,  we 
marched  at  two  o'clock,  p.  M.,  and  arrived  safely  at 
nine  o'clock,  p.  M.  We  were  not  long  finding  our 
tents  and  bunks,  and  were  soon  enjoying  sweet  repose, 
which  those  only  who  are  weary  cau  fully  appreciate. 
This  little  scout  paid  quite  well,  as  it  brought  some 
valuable  property  into  "  Uncle  Sam's  "  hands,  and  a 
good  ration  of  fresh  meat  into  our  commissary  depart 
ment,  which  was  very  acceptable. 

The  weather  was  then  turning  cold,  and  we  saw  the 
necessity  of  repairing  our  tents  and  making  them 
more  comfortable, 

We  still  had  some  fatigue  duty  to  perform  ;  but 
were  not  so  hard  pressed  as  we  had  previously  been. 

Many  of  the  boys  spent  their  leisure  time  in  peru 
sing  good  and  useful  books,  which  could  easily  be  pro 
cured  there.  Friends  often  visited  us  from  our  homes, 
bringing  many  fine  presents,  and  kind  words  of  cheer. 

All  the  boys  were  in  fine  spirits — having  plenty  of 
the  necessaries  of  life,  and  not  enough  duty  to  perform 
to  make  them  weary.  Stationed  where  the  mail 
reached  us  daily,  bearing  so  many  lovely  letters  from 
dear  absent  friends,  and  surrounded  with  all  the  ad 
vantages  of  direct  communication  with  every  part  of 
the  nation,  we  spent  the  fall  and  winter  pleasantly, 


TO  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

indeed,  for  soldiers.  Large  and  convenient  hospitals 
were  prepared  for  the  sick,  and  well  supplied  with 
sanitary  stores,  which  were  a  great  help  to  the  poor 
invalids,  who  were  suffering  from  the  cruel  ravages  of 
disease — absent  from  kind  and  loving  parents  or 
friends.  Some  of  the  u  Fortieth  " — noble  boys — were 
here  called  away  by  the  fell  destroyer,  and  were  de 
cently  interred  in  the  soldiers'  burying-ground,  near 
the  cemetery,  which  is  situated  about  one  half  mile 
west  of  the  town.  We  were  often  called  upon  to  lol- 
low  the  last  remains  of  our  fellow-soldiers  to  their  long 
resting  place,  and  hear  our  chaplain  offer  the  solemn 
prayer,  as  we  paid  our  last  tribute  of  respect  to  them, 
whose  fate  it  was  to  fall  in  the  defense  of  our  country 
early  in  the  contest. 

The  deep,  mournful  roll  of  the  muffled  drum  carries 
sorrow  to  the  soldier's  heart,  and  makes  him  reflect 
that  another  of  our  number  has  passed  away — "  peace 
to  his  ashes."  Many  of  the  churches  in  the  town  were 
open  for  public  worship  on  each  Lord's  day,  and  those 
of  the  soldiers  who  wished,  could  attend  divine  ser 
vice.  Which  happy  privilege  many  made  use  of; 
and  paid  strict  attention  to  useful  and  interesting  ser 
mons,  delivered  by  the  different  army  chaplains  and 
ministers  who  resided  in  town. 

Thus,  tilings  passed  off  pleasantly,  and  the  Christ 
mas  holidays  came;  but  not  much  fun  or  feasting  for 
us,  as  the  commissary  gave  us  no  better  rations  on 
those  days  than  common. 

Many  of  the  boys  stole  out  of  guard  line,  or  suc 
ceeded  in  getting  out  otherwise,  and  went  down  to 
town  to  spend  the  day  in  search  of  amusement.  But, 
there  being  nothing  going  on  of  interest,  many  re 
turned  to  camp,  no  better  satisfied  than  when  they 
left.  Others,  I  am  sorry  to  say,  sought  and  found  the 
intoxicating  bowl,  of  which  they  partook  too  freely; 


HOLIDAY    BFOKTS.  71 

causing  some  to  become  quite  funny,  and  others  to  be 
shamefully  drunk.  While  under  the  nuidening  influ 
ences  of  the  fiery  fluid,  some  pour  fellows  did  things 
they  would  not  have  done  in  their  sober  moments. 
This  improper  conduct  caused  them  to  be  confined  in 
the  guard  house  and  punished,  which  was  very  humil 
iating  to  good  soldiers.  Col.  Hicks,  ever  ready  to 
preserve  the  moral  reputation  of  u  his  Sucker  boys," 
did  everything  in  his  power  to  have  the  Fortieth  boys 
conduct  themselves  aright. 

New  Year's  Day,  1862.  That  holiday  nothing  unu 
sual  occurred  in  our  camp.  Quiet  generally  prevailed 
until  New  Year's  afternoon,  when  our  jolly  old  major, 
Smith,  got  up  some  excitement,  an  account  of  which 
would  be,  perhaps,  interesting  to  give.  Major  Smith 
gathered  a  company  of  antic  fellows  of  the  Fortieth, 
who  clothed  themselves  in  the  roughest  style  possible. 
The  whole  party  then,  mounted  on  mules,  armed  with 
all  kinds  of  weapons,  presented  a  strange  and  comical 
appearance.  The  major,  with  his  coat  wrong  side 
out,  and  looking  more  droll  than  usual,  took  command 
of  that  company,  and  marched  down  through  town ; 
then  visited  the  camps  of  the  different  regiments, 
where  they  were  boisterously  cheered.  After  cutting 
all  the  shines  they  wished,  the  gay  band  and  its  fun- 
loving  leader,  returned,  fully  satisfied  with  their  holi 
day  frolic. 

The  usual  duties  of  camp  were  being  enacted,  and  a 
drill  daily.  The  Fortieth  was  improving  rapidly, 
which  they  needed  to  do  ;  for,  owing  to  having  to  labor 
so  much  during  the  fall,  they  had  made  but  little  pro 
gress  in  acquainting  themselves  with  military  tactics. 
The  next  item  of  interest  or  excitement  that  occurred 
in  the  quiet  camp  of  the  Fortieth,  worthy  of  record, 
was  the  arrest  of  our  commander,  Col.  Hicks,  by  or 
der  of  Gen.  Smith,  which  took  place  on  the  10th 


72  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

day  of  January.  Our  quartermaster  was  also  arrested 
on  the  same  day.  The  charges  that  were  brought 
against  Col.  Hicks  were,  allowing  and  advising  the 
quartermaster  to  sell  rations  to  the  officers  of  the  regi 
ment,  and  giving  Lieut.  Ingram  permission  to  take 
command  of  his  company,  and  perform  official  duty, 
while  he  (Ingram)  was  under  arrest.  The  charge 
against  Lieut.  Taylor,  quartermaster,  was  selling  com 
missary  stores  to  officers  of  the  regiment.  Our  quar 
termaster,  like  the  colonel,-  committed  this  offense  ig- 
norantly  ;  not  knowing  that  it  was  contrary  to  orders. 
The  boys  were  very  much  displeased  in  consequence 
of  the  arrest  of  their  quartermaster,  whom  they  liked 
very  much,  for  so  promptly  furnishing  them  with  any 
supplies  they  needed,  when  he  could  procure  the  same 
for  them.  All  were  satisfied  that  no  violation  of  or 
ders  was  intended  on  his  part. 

The  colonel  was  compelled  to  remain  perfectly  i  n- 
active  for  a  considerable  length  of  time,  in  consequence 
of  the  arrest,  which  was  very  unpleasant  to  his  feel 
ings,  amounting,  as  it  did,  to  nothing  at  last;  for,  af 
ter  being  thus  fettered  in  his  official  capacity,  he  was 
released — the  charges  never  having  been  prosecuted. 
This  unfortunate  incident  was  very  annoying  to  the 
colonel,  for  he  earnestly  desired  to  be  in  command  of 
his  Sucker  boys,  and  to  lead  them  into  active  service, 
and  to  mingle  with  our  gallant  army  in  the  bloody 
contests  of  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson  ;  and  share 
with  it  the  perils  and  the  glory  which  were  to  be  met 
and  gained  there.  During  the  time  of  the  arrest  of 
Colonel  Hicks,  Lieutenant-colonel  Boothe  was  in  com 
mand  of  the  regiment,  and  performed  that  responsible 
duty  with  perfect  satisfaction  to  all  concerned.  He 
readily  gained  the  esteem  and  confidence  of  the  boys. 

The  troops  at  that  post  had  been  preparing  for  some 
days  to  march.  All  the  troops,  except  our  regiment, 


PAY    DAY.  73 

with  the  artillery,  started  on  an  expedition,  on  the 
15th  of  January,  under  command  of  Gen.  Smith. 

This  left  the  post  entirely  in  the  care  of  the  Fortieth. 
Lieutenant-colonel  Boothe  took  command  of  the  post, 
leaving  the  command  of  the  regiment  in  the  hands  of 
Major  Smith,  who  did  quite  well.  During  the  absence 
of  so  large  a  force,  great  fears  were  entertained  for 
our  safety,  and  that  of  our  charge ;  for  then  the  enemy- 
had  a  large  force  at  Columbus,  Kentucky,  and  might 
have  easily  sent  an  overpowering  army  against  us. 

Our  guard  duty  was  extremely  heavy,  as  all  the 
guard  fell  upon  us ;  fatigue  duty  also  was  very  hard, 
as  we  had  to  handle  all  commissary  stores  arriving 
and  leaving  the  port.  The  boys  were  very  angry  that 
they  did  not  get  to  join  the  expedition,  instead  of  hav 
ing  to  remain  and  perform  the  drudgery;  and  would 
loudly  complain  that  they  would  ever  be  used  to  do  the 
dirty  work  for  other  troops,  and  never  get  an  opportu 
nity  of  testing  their  valor.  Before  the  return  of  the 
troops  from  their  expedition,  the  Fifty-fifth  Illinois  In 
fantry  arrived  and  camped,  which  took  part  of  the 
duty  off  of  us. 

Their  colonel,  Stuart,  took  command  of  the  post,  and 
Lieut.  Col.  Boothe  again  was  in  command  of  our  regi 
ment. 

January  20th.  Pay  day  had  at  length  arrived,  and 
Uncle  Sam  was  fully  ready  to  pay  his  willing  and  obe 
dient  nephews  for  the  service  they  had  rendered  in 
guarding  the  boundaries  of  our  territory  against  the 
vile  current  of  treason  and  rebellion.  We  were  paid 
on  the  26th  day  of  September,  from  the  time  of  our 
enlistment  (25th  July)  to  the  last  of  August,  by  Pay 
master  Major  T.  P.  E.  Johnson.  On  the  above  date 
we  received  payment  for  four  months,  viz:  September, 
October,  November,  December,  1861,  from  Paymaster 
Maj.  Sherman. 
7 


74  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTKT. 

Th*s  bountiful  receipt  of  tho  one  tiling  needful  (Un 
cle  Sam's  greenbacks),  was  quite  a  source  of  encour 
agement  and  comfort  to  the  Fortieth's  boys. 

They,  alter  reserving  a  small  portion  of  their  money 
to  defray  incidental  expenses,  sent  the  remainder  to 
their  friends  or  families  at  home.  A  large  amount  of 
currency  was  sent  from  the  regiment  at  that  pay  day 
to  Illinois  by  express  and  otherwise.  It  was  a  great 
comfort  to  the  boys,  that,  when  they  could  not  be  with 
their  families  or  friends  to  render  them  help  in  their 
domestic  labors,  they  could  aid  thorn  by  liberally  di 
viding  their  earnings  with  them. 

I  am  sorry  to  say,  however,  that  some  unthinking 
fellows  did  appropriate  some  of  their  hard  earnings 
lor  the  purchase  of  liquor,  and  fc*  took  a  high."  Ilow 
much  better  it  would  be  if  our  brave  soldiers  would 
abstain  from  the  use  of  this  great  curse,  and  thereby 
save  their  money,  their  heaLh,  and  their  moral  in 
tegrity. 

Saturday,  January  24f7i.  The  troops  belonging  to 
Gen.  Smith's  expedition  returned  and  took  their  old 
camp,  being  quite  weary. 

They  had  a  very  disagreeable  campaign,  marching 
continually  for  some  days,  but  not  coming  in  contact 
\\i.\i  the  enemy  they  returned  without  any  injury,  except 
weary  limbs.  All  seemed  in  fine  spirits,  and  soon  were 
lending  a  helping  hand  in  the  perlormancc  of  the  mili 
tary  duties  of  the  post,  which  was  very  acceptable  to 
the  Fortieth. 

February  3J.  Things  began  to  assume  an  air  of  activ 
ity.  Orders  were  issued  to  allow  no  person  to  enter 
or  go  out  of  our  lines,  and  every  preparation  was  being 
made  for  a  forward  movement  in  the  department.  A 
considerable  fleet  of  iron  clad  gunboats  was  at  our 
wharf.  All  the  regiments,  except  the  Fortieth  and  the 
Fifty-fiilh  Illinois,  were  uuder  orders  to  inarch.  Our 


INTELLIGENCE  OF  THE  CAPTURE  OF  FORT  HENRY.       75 

boys  wore  very  angry  because  we  were  not  allowed  to 
accompany  the  expedition,  for  it  was  evident  that  it 
would  be  a  movement  of  great  magnitude.  Men  and 
officers  all  agreed  that  we  would  be  compelled  to  re 
main  at  Paducah  during  our  entire  term  of  service, 
and  never  be  allowed  to  try  the  horrors  of  the  field  of 
conflict.  On  account  of  having  to  stay  there  was  great 
dissatisfaction  among  the  Fortieth  boys.  Troops  were 
passing  continually  on  fine  steamers  heavily  ladened 
with  munitions  of  war. 

February  5t7i.  The  troops  had  all  embarked  and  Gen. 
Smith  and  staff  started  up  the  river;  every  prepara 
tion  was  made  for  a  hard  battle.  It  was  supposed  the 
forces  were  to  attack  Fort  Henry,  sixty  miles  up  the 
Tennessee  river. 

We  were  kept  busy  at  work  loading  commissary  and 
ordnance  stores  to  supply  the  army  up  the  river.  Col. 
Stuart  of  the  Fifty-fifth  Illinois  was  then  commandant 
of  the  post. 

He  seemed  to  greatly  fear  an  attack  by  the  enemy 
from  Columbus,  while  our  army  was  operating  above, 
and  he  kept  a  heavy  guard  out  all  the  time.  Our  duty 
was  very  heavy  while  the  army  was  absent. 

February  Sth.  Intelligence  of  the  capture  of  Fort 
Henry  reached  us  in  the  evening,  and  Gen.  Tilghman, 
with  some  of  his  soldiers,  also  arrived  as  prisoners  of 
war.  Some  of  our  noble  boys  who  were  wounded  in 
the  engagement  at  Fort  Henry  came  in  in  the  evening. 

We  had  made  every  preparation  for  the  reception  of 
the  wounded  and  sick,  by  preparing  several  church 
houses  in  the  town  for  hospitals,  where  they  received 
the  kindest  ot  treatment. 

February  Wth.  Troops  continued  passing  up  the  river 
even  after  the  capture  of  Fort  Henry,  evidently  with 
the  intention  of  following  up  the  enemy.  Our  regi 
ment  becomes  daily  more  and  more  dissatisfied  with 


76  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

its  situation:  some  even  declared  that  we  were  forever 
disgraced,  and  would  never  attain  to  any  eminence  or 
renown  as  a  regiment  fyr  valor  and  bravery. 

February  IQth.  The  greatest  excitement  prevailed  ; 
we  were  continually  receiving  news  of  the  hard  battle 
still  raging  at  Fort  Donelson,  and  our  boys  were 
praying  that  we  might  yet  be  permitted  to  march  to 
the  scene  of  action.  In  the  evening  Col.  Hicks  called 
the  regiment  around  him  and  addressed  them,  telling 
them  that  for  a  long  time  he  had  been  bound  down,  or 
completely  paralyzed,  and  could  do  nothing,  but  that 
he  was  again  free,  and  would  again,  as  commander  of 
the  regiment,  labor  for  its  good.  lie  told  them  he  was 
then  under  orders  to  march  at  any  moment.  He  spoke 
very  encouragingly  to  us,  promising  us  that  yet  he 
would  lead  us  to  the  field  of  conflict,  and  give  us  an 
opportunity  to  gain  for  the  Fortieth  an  imperishable 
name  of  honor  and  renown.  That  was  welcome  news 
to  us,  and  soon  the  whole  encampment  was  in  a  blaze 
of  excitement  on  account  of  the  prospect  of  our  speedy 
removal  from  this  point,  of  which  we  had  become  so 
tired,  to  places  of  more  activity.  We  were  soon  to  be 
disappointed,  however,  for  on  the  next  morning,  when 
we  expected  to  embark,  we  received  intelligence  of  the 
surrender  of  Fort  Donelson. 

We  were  pleased  to  learn  of  the  triumph  of  our 
arms,  yet  were  sadly  disappointed  that  we  had  not  been 
allowed  to  assist  in  securing  the  great  victory. 

Brigadier  Gener.il  (now  Major  General)  William  T. 
Sherman  had  been  sent  to  Faducah,  Kentucky,  to  com 
mand  the  forces  stationed  there,  and  to  organize  a 
large  body  of  troops  for  future  operations. 

He  soon  gained  the  good  will,  esteem,  and  respect 
of  the  Fortieth,  which,  it  will  be  remembered,  he  re 
tains  to  this  day. 

Thursday,  Feb.  25th.     Troops  having  been  arriving 


PREPARATION    FOR    MARCHING.  77 

daily,  there  was  quite  an  army  encamped  in  the  vicin 
ity  of  Paducah,  which  was  organized  by  Gen.  Sher 
man,  as  follows  :  all  the  regiments  of  infantry  were 
divided  into  three  brigades,  to  be  commanded  by  sen 
ior  colonels.  Col.  Hicks  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  first  brigade,  consisting  of  the  Forty-eighth  In 
diana  infantry,  the  Forty-sixth  Ohio  infantry,  and  our 
regiment. 

All  things  assumed  an  air  of  activity  in  making 
preparations  for  an  active  campaign,  which  our  boys 
so  much  desired. 

CHAPTER  VII. 

Thursday,  March  6th.     Early,  orders  came  to  us  to 
be  in  complete  readiness  to  march.     This  order,  how 
ever,  had  but  very  little  effect  on   the  minds  of  the 
members  of  the  Fortieth,  as  we  had  been  so  often  dis 
appointed  ;  but  all  doubts  were  soon  dispelled  ;  for,  at 
twelve  o'clock,   orders  were   received  to   prepare  as 
speedily  as   possible  to  embark  on  board  transports, 
that   were   already   at   the  wharf,  in  waiting  for  us. 
Everything  was  in  a  bustle,  while  preparing  for  the 
movement,  as  the  principal  part  of  the  troops  were 
under  marching  orders.     The  order  to  march  immedi 
ately  was  received  with  the  greatest  satisfaction,  the 
officers  clapped  their  hands  and  shouted  with  wildest 
excitement,  and    communicated    the    intelligence    to 
their  men,  who  were  equally  enthusiastic  on  the  receipt 
of  such  important  news.     All  hands  were  soon   en 
gaged    in    taking   down    their   tents,    working    with 
great  promptness.     In  a  short  time  all  the  camp  equip 
age  was  packed  up  and  loaded  on  the  wagons,  which 
were  drawn  to  the  river,  ready  for  putting  on  the  trans 
ports.      At  three   o'clock   p.  M  ,  we   marched   to  the 
wharf  and  went  on  board  the  steamers  Sallie  List  and 


78  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

Golden  State — the  right  wing  of  the  regiment  on  the 
latter  and  the  left  wing  on  the  former. 

The  remaining  part  of  the  evening  was  spent  in 
loading  the  baggage  on  the  steamers,  and,  at  dark,  we 
started  on  our  voyage.  We  set  oat  np  the  Tennessee 
river,  the  Golden  State  in  front.  The  regiment  was 
then  commanded  by  Lieut.  Col.  Boothe.  Col.  Hicks 
being  in  command  of  the  brigade. 

Friday,  March  7th.  In  the  morning  we  passed  Fort 
Henry.  But  the  front  boat  continued  on  her  course  up 
the  stream,  which  caused  the  two  steamers  bearing  our 
regiment  to  separate,  and  they  did  not  come  together 
again  until  we  arrived  at  our  place  of  destination.  Many 
amusing  scenes  were  to  be  witnessed  on  the  banks  of 
the  river,  as  we  passed  along.  Some  citizens  would 
show  signs  of  satisfaction  as  we  proudly  advanced 
into  the  Rebel  country.  Some  even  waving  the  Ameri 
can  flag  to  our  view. 

Saturday,  March  8th.  At  eleven  o'clock  A.  M.,  the 
Golden  State,  with  the  right  wing  of  the  regiment, 
under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Boothe,  arrived  at 
Savannah,  Term.  They  then  landed  and  marched  off 
the  boat  into  the  village.  No  other  troops  had  arrived, 
and  we  were  surely  in  rather  an  unprotected  condition 
had  there  been  a  force  of  the  enemy  near  the  place. 
We  marched  through  the  streets  of  the  village  and 
many  of  the  citizens  cheered  us  heartily,  treating  us 
very  kindly,  seeming  to  manifest  great  joy  at  the  sight 
of  the  stars  and  stripes.  Many  families  would  even 
spread  their  tables  with  such  victuals  as  they  could 
afford,  and  urge  us  to  partake  free  of  charge.  We 
remained  at  the  landing  over  the  next  day,  and  the 
steamer  J.  B.  Adams  joined  us  with  the  Forty-Sixth 
Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  on  board. 

Monday,  March  10th.  At  eleven  o'clock  A.  M.,  the 
Golden  State  mo^ed  back  down  the  river  to  find  the 


MOVE    UP    THE  RIVER — PASS  PITTSBURG    LANDING.       79 

whereabouts  of  the  other  wing  of  the  regiment.  Una 
all  afternoon,  an  I,  after  dark,  met  a  large  fl?et  of  trans 
ports  under  convoy  of  two  gunboats,  among  which 
was  the  one  we  were  in  search  of.  At  this  point  the 
river  wound  among  hills  and  thick  forests,  which,  with 
the  night,  darkness,  and  the  bright  stars  shining  in  the 
clear  sky,  made  a  very  impressive  scene,  which,  even 
the  soldier  boy,  did  not  fail  to  witness  with  admiration. 
The  dark  waters  of  the  stream  were  plowed  by  many 
powerful  steamers,  which  seemed  to  lighten  up  the 
whole,  as  they  piouily  move  1  forward,  presenting  tho 
gran  lest  scene  yet  witnessed  in  that  campaign.  In 
those  steamers  was  a  large  number  of  Uncle  Sam's 
family  who  were  all  well  pleased  that  they  were  so 
easily  advancing  into  the  rebellious  country. 

March  l'2th.  Our  regiment,  entire,  was  landed  at 
the  wharf  with  a  great  number  of  oilier  troops,  and 
large  transports  were  continually  arriving  with  more. 
Both  shores  of  the  river  were  completely  lined  with 
boats  ;  all  '.he  troops  remained  on  board;  the  confine 
ment  of  which  was  very  uncomfortable  to  ihem.  At 
one  time  there  were  sixty-two  transports  and  three  gun 
boats — making  a  grand  fleet  indeed  ! 

Friday  li/A.  Tiie  boys  were  becoming  quite  tired 
of  being  cooped  up  on  thefibhy  boats,  with  scarcely 
room  to  breathe.  When  orders  came  to  have  two 
days1  rations  prepared  for  inarching  all  weregla  1  there 
was  some  prospect  of  a  change  of  quarters.  At  eleven 
o'clock  A.  M.,  we,  with  the  principal  part  of  the  fleet, 
started  up  the  river.  It  was  a  dark  an  1  dismal  day, 
and  soon  there  was  a  heavy  rain  storm,  but  our  steam 
ers  pressed  onward  until  after  dark,  when  we  landed 
on  the  right  shore  of  the  river,  which  was  a  very  diffi 
cult  landing.  There  we  tied  up  at  a  steep  bank  win  h 
made  it  very  difficult  for  us  to  disembark.  Preparations 
were  commenced  at  once  to  land  part  of  the  forco  as 


80  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

soon  as  possible.     A  heavy  fatigue  detail   was  made 
and  set  to  work  to  clear  away  obstructions. 

Saturday,  March  15/A.  At  two  o'clock,  p.  M.,  the 
Fortieth,  with  the  remainder  of  our  brigade,  and 
one  battery  of  artillery,  went  on  shore  and  started  out 
into  a  dense  wilderness,  in  a  creek  bottom,  which  was 
as  dark  as  Egypt;  and  this  with  a  drenching  rain 
made  our  march  extremely  disagreeable.  After  pass 
ing  through  the  bottom,  we  came  to  lofty  rough  pine 
hills  which  were  quite  difficult  to  ascend.  Having 
marched  about  five  miles,  we  came  to  a  small  stream, 
so  badly  swollen  that  we  could  not  cross  it  with  the 
artillery.  Here  we  remained  for  a  few  hours,  when 
we  received  orders  to  retrace  our  steps  and  return  to  the 
boats  at  once.  When  we  reached  the  boats,  we  were 
completely  drenched  with  water,  for  all  the  sloughs 
were  f?o  high  we  were  obliged  to  wade  to  reach  the 
landing. 

We  were  soon  all  on  board  again,  as  badly  crowded 
as  ever ;  and,  being  so  wet,  the  night  was  very  un 
comfortably  spent.  During  the  night,  the  entire  fleet 
got  up  steam,  and  ran  down  the  river  a  few  miles,  and 
landed  at  Pitts  burg  Landing. 

Sunday,  March  IQlh.  Here  we  remained  over  the 
day,  still  on  board  the  boats,  but  were  allowed  to  stroll 
along  the  rivertanks,  which  many  did,  observing  the 
curiosities  to  be  seen  on  the  ground  where  there  had 
been  a  skirmish  with  the  enemy,  on  the  4th  of  March. 
Several  were  killed,  and  were  buried  there  in  the  rude 
soldier  style. 

Monday,  March  17th.  At  one  o'clock,  A.  M.,  all 
were  ordered  to  go  ashore,  with  two  days'  rations  in 
their  haversacks,  in  trim  for  marching.  We  forinewi 
our  line  on  the  river  bank,  stacked  our  arms,  and 
tried  to  rest  in  line,  with  our  cartridge  boxes  on,  un 
til  morning. 


SHILOH    CHITKCH.  81 

The  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry  was  there  attached  to  our 
brigade,  and  their  commander,  Col.  John  Adair  Mc 
Dowell,  being  Col.  Hicks'  senior,  took  command  of  the 
brigade.  After  a  scanty  morning  meal  prepared  un 
der  unfavorable  circumstances,  we  marched  out  at 
eight  o'clock.  We  moved  about  four  miles  from  the 
landing  and  halted  in  an  old  field,  where  wre  remained 
over  the  night,  sending  out  pickets,  who  were  sta 
tioned  at  a  log  meeting-house,  belonging  to  the  Me 
thodist  denomination  ;  since  so  notable  as  the  Shiloh 
Church,  from  which  the  great  battle  fought  in  that 
vicinity  derived  its  name. 

Thus,  the  Fortieth  boys  were  the  first  Union  soldiers 
that  stood  picket  at  the  Shiloh  Church. 

Tuesday,  March  18th.  A  heavy  fatigue  detail  was 
sent  back  to  the  river  to  unload  our  wagons  and  camp 
equipage  from  the  steamers,  which  proved  to  bo  a,  very 
laborious  and  tedious  task.  The  regiment  remained 
where  it  first  halted,  without  any  tents  and  but  few 
rations  to  eat.  At  night  a  heavy  rain  fell,  which  ren 
dered  our  situation  extremely  uncomfortable,  as  we 
had  no  shelter  to  protect  us  from  the  storm,  and  which 
was  quite  hard  for  us,  at  that  time  not  being  accus 
tomed  to  such  exposure. 

Thursday,  March  20th.  Our  camp  equipage  and 
all  our  baggage  had,  at  last,  reached  us  ;  our  tents 
were  soon  put  up,  and  our  camp  permanently  located 
near  Owl  creek,  on  the  Kolla  road,  where  we  re 
mained  encamped  during  our  stay  at  that  post.  Our 
brigade  was  camped  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  army, 
and  the  other  regiments  and  batteries  of  the  great 
army  of  the  Tennessee  were  posted  between  us  and 
the  landing.  All  our  supplies  of  forage  and  commis 
sary  stores  were  brought  by  the  teams  from  the  land 
ing.  This  was  a  hard  undertaking,  in  consequence  of 
the  unfavorable  condition  of  the  roads,  which,  the 


82  FORTIETH  ILLINOIS  VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

teamsters  asserterl,  were  all  underground  roads.  Be 
ing  thus  situated,  we  were  soon  on  batallion  drill  daily 
for  some  time.  Nothing  of  special  military  importance 
occurred  previous  to  the  battle  of  Shiloh. 

Sunday,  Ufarch  30/A,  was  a  beautiful  morning. 
There  seemed  to  be  a  more  than  ordinary  quiet  through 
the  camp  of  the  Fortieth,  as  though  the  day  of  rest 
was,  at  that  time,  to  be  observed  with  due  reverence. 
Many  of  the  boys  were  thoughtfully  perusing  books  or 
papers,  and  some,  I  am  happy  to  say,  reading  good 
books;  while  others  were  busy  writing  letters  to 
friends,  or  reviewing  some  kind  missive  which  had 
been  received  ;  all  causing  the  camp  to  wear  a  sober 
and  meditative  air  seldom  ever  noticed  before.  Under 
-these  very  favorable  circumstances,  Chaplain  Massey 
resolved  to  hold  divine  service,  at  the  hour  of  eleven 
o'clock,  A.  M.  Accordingly,  at  the  appointed  time,  a 
small  crowd  assembled  around  the  tent  of  headquar 
ters  of  the  regiment,  to  attend  the  exercises  of  the 
hour.  The  colonel  looked  around  and  saw  that  many 
were  absent,  and  immediately  sent  orders  to  every 
company  commander  to  bring  out  his  men,  at  once,  to 
church  ;  by  which  means  there  was  soon  quite  a  large 
audience  convened,  when  the  chaplain  proceeded  very 
ably  to  dispense  words  of  encouragement  and  Christian 
consolation  to  his  attentive  hearers.  His  remarks 
were  affecting,  showing  the  uncertainty  of  life  and, 
consequently,  the  importance  of  being  ever  ready  for 
death,  the  certain  lot  of  all. 

He  stated  that  in  consideration  of  the  uncertainties 
of  war,  it  was  hard  to  tell  what  a  day  would  bring 
forth,  and  that  ere  another  Christian  Sabbath  would 
pass  many  of  the  number  then  present  might  be  in 
vast  eternity.  However  lightly  any  one  might  have 
reflected  on  that  solemn  yet  truthful  thought,  at  that 
time,  there  was  no  doubt,  after  the  horror  of  the  event- 


PATRIOTIC    LETTER. 


83 


ful  Sabbath  day  following,  in  which  so  many* of  our 
loved  comrades  were  laid  low  by  the  hands  of  our  en 
emies,  that  their  minds  were  impressed  with  the  im 
portance  of  giving  that  solemn  reflection  due  conside 
ration. 

It  is  a  great  pleasure  to  say  that  in  that  congrega 
tion  there  wero  true  and  faithful  patriots  who  were 
not  afraid  to  offer  their  lives  upon  the  altar  of  our 
county  ;  knowing  they  had  a  glorious  hope  beyond  the 
grave.  An  aged  man,  whom  every  one  was  obliged 
to  respect,  died  on  that  field,  leaving  behind  a  bright 
evidence  of  his  hope  beyond  the  vale,  and  strong 
proof  of  his  willingness  to  give  up  his  lifc  as  a  sacri 
fice  to  our  country's  cause,  in  a  letter  written  to  his 
friends,  of  which,  by  permission,  a  copy  is  here  fur 
nished. 

A  PATRIOTIC  LETTER  FROM  A  SOLDIER. 

STATE  OF  TENNESSEE,  HARDEN  Co., 

Pittsburg  Post. 
Dear  Brother  and  Sister  in  the  Lord : 

It  is  through  the  mercy  of  God  that  I  am  permitted 
to  write  to  you,  informing  you  of  the  good  health  of  my 
self  arid  the  boys.  Although  we  are  separated  a  great 
distance,  I  have  not  forgotten  you,  and  my  thoughts 
turn  back  to  the  many  happy  moments  we  have  spent 
together,  which  I  often  sigh  to  enjoy  again.  On  our 
arrival  at  Savannah,  Tenn.,  on  the  8th,  the  citizens  re 
ceived  us  with  joyous  shouts,  even  the  fair  belles  of 
Tennessee  seemed  to  welcome  the  old  stars  and  stripes 
back  again  to  their  midst.  Those  true  hearted  loyal 
countrymen  of  ours  have  suffered  very  much,  both  in 
property  and  person.  Their  sad  accounts  of  sorrow 
stirred  all  the  sympathies  of  my  soul  to  turn  with  grat 
itude  to  a  God  whose  strong  arm  will  avenge  our  op 
pressed  countrymen.  To  hear  the  fair  daughters  relate 


84  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

their  stirring  narratives  of  the  base  manner  in  which 
they  were  treated  for  their  loyalty  to  the  old  flag  of  our 
country,  was  enough  to  urge  any  man  undaunted  to 
the  charge.  Our  grand  army  is  almost  ready  for  the 
advance,  and,  in  a  few  days,  we  will  come  down  on 
the  enemy  like  a  mighty  avalanche,  and  then  the  tale 
of  sorrow  will  go  forth  that  the  argument  of  bloody 
steel  has  had  its  effect,  and  the  mourner  will  go  about 
the  streets  and  say  that  many  have  been  the  widows 
and  many  the  orphans  th.'it  have  been  made.  Long 
will  the  daughters  of  the  South  mourn  the  loss  of  fallen 
brothers,  and  often  will  the  lovely  maids  of  the  North 
cast  their  sorrowful  eyes  along  the  sky-bound  earth  to 
meet  the  return  of  their  loved  ones  ;  but,  alas,  their 
lovers  will  return  no  more — far  distant  on  the  banks 
of  the  rolling  Cumberland  or  Tennessee,  lie  pale  and 
ghastly  those  whose  eyes  once  beamed  with  friendship 
or  flamed  in  war. 

My  dear  old  friend,  I  may  never  see  you  again  in 
this  life.  I  may  fall  in  battle  and  be  burried  among 
the  weather-beaten  hills  of  the  South.  Yet  I  believe 
that  I  will  live  again,  being  perfected  by  the  Divine 
Author,  and  I  hope  to  meet  you  on  the  sunny  banks  of 
sweet  deliverance  where  parting  will  be  no  more. 
*  *  *  *  *  * 

I  presume  I  know  your  feelings  toward  the  poor  sol 
dier,  and  I  ask  you,  dear  brother  and  sister,  to  remem 
ber  me  at  a  throne  of  grace.  Give  your  family  my 
best  love  and  respects,  tell  them  I  am  contending  for 
their  priceless  constitutional  liberties,  and  it  gladdens 
my  heart  to  think  I  am  permitted  to  participate  in  the 
great  struggle.  I  feel  happy  in  the  discharge  of  my 
duty.  I  trust  in  the  arm  of  the  mighty  God  of  Jacob. 
No  more  at  present ;  I  remain,  as  ever,  your  brother 
in  the  Lord  till  death." 

This  noble  patriot  fell  in  the  fierce  charge  in  which 


BATTLE    OF    SIIJLOH.  85 

the   regiment   was    engaged   on    Sunday,  the    6th   cf 
April. 

BATTLE    OF    SFIILOII. 

On  the  evening  of  Friday,  the  4th  of  April,  there 
was  a  smart  skirmish  to  the  south  of  our  camp,  two  or 
three  miles  distant.  The  reports  of  tire-arms  were 
plainly  heard  which  caused  some  suspicions  that  there 
were  enemies  not  far  distant,  and  some  precautionary 
arrangements  were  made  in  the  regiment.  When  tiring 
commenced,  the  long-roll  was  beat  in  our  regiment  and 
we  stacked  arms  on  the  color  line  ready  for  action, 
should  it  be  necessary.  In  the  evening,  Company  B, 
under  command  of  Lieut.  Harrelson,  was  sent  out  to 
strengthen  the  picket  line  in  our  front,  which  was 
about  one  half  mile  beyond  Owl  creek. 

Saturday,  Wi.  That  morning,  Company  E,  under 
command  of  Capt.  Ulm,  was  ordered  and  stationed  a 
short  distance  in  the  rear  of  the  picket  line  to  serve  as 
its  support  in  case  of  an  attack  by  the  enemy.  Quiet 
continued  during  the  day,  and  many  of  the  boys  began 
to  doubt  the  probability  of  the  rebels  troubling  us. 
During  the  night,  however,  Company  B's  boys  who 
were  on  the  front  line,  were  convinced  that  an  enemy 
was  hovering  near,  as  they  could  hear  them  moving 
continuously  through  the  brush. 

Sunday,  April  6,  1862.  As  soon  as  daylight  came 
all  doubts  about  the  enemy  being  near  our  lines  were 
dispelled,  for  their  movements  could  be  plainly  ob 
served  through  the  woods.  About  sunrise,  an  occa 
sional  shot  could  be  heard  on  our  left ;  and,  in  a  few 
moments,  the  attacking  Rebel  column  made  its  appear 
ance,  and  Company  E,  the  support,  was  ordered  on  the 
line,  which  command  was  readily  obeyed — the  com 
pany  going  to  the  edge  of  an  open  field  on  the  line, 
and,  lying  down,  remained  there  a  few  moments  when  it 
tired  a  volley  across  the  field.  This  was  a  signal 


8G  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

for  our  pickets  to  rally.  The  Rebels'  line  of  skirmish 
ers  then  stole  up  and  fired  on  the  pickets,  one  ball  took 
effect,  killing  a  man,  belonging  to  Company  E,  instant 
ly,  being  the  first  man  of  the  Fortieth  who  lost  his  life 
in  action.  The  pickets  then  began  to  fall  back  slowly, 
firing  as  they  retired. 

The  Rebels  planted  one  piece  of  artillery,  which  fired 
three  times  as  a  signal,  for  their  entire  line  to  move 
forward.      They   continued   to  press   our  line,   which 
was  drawn  in  slowly,  until  it  reached  the  camp  of  our 
legiment,  when  the  two  picket  companies  took  their 
respective  positions  on  the  line  which  was  drawn  up  in 
front  of  our  quarters,  with  the  Forty-sixth  Ohio  Volun 
teer  Infantry  and  the  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry,  on  our  right. 
The  regiment  was  soon  ordered  to  move,  which  it  did, 
passing  over  the  ravine  in  our  front  and  taking  a  po 
sition  on  the  opposite   hill.     There  we  remained  for 
some  time,  while  there  was  some  hard  fighting  close 
on  our  left,  from  which  we  could  discern  our  men  giv 
ing  back,  and  occasionally  a  ball  would  whiz  past,  us, 
striking  a  tree  or  something  else.     A  column  of  infan 
try  was  then  seen  moving  down  the  opposite  slope  of 
Owl  creek  in    blue    uniform,   which    was   really   the 
enemy,  but  they  deceived  us ;  the  officers  declared  they 
were  our  men,  until  they  were  close  on  us,  in  as  good 
position  as  they  desired,  without  any  resistance.     We 
then  fired  a  volley  at  them,  when  tho  colonel  ordered, 
by  the  right  of  companies  to  the  rear  into  column.  We 
were  to  fall  back  to  the  Roll  a  road,  which  we  did, 
marching  by  the  right  flank,  arriving  on  the  road  and 
forming  in   line.     There,   considerable   confusion    oc 
curred,  as  all  the  teams,  and  as  much  valuable  property 
as  could  be  loaded  easily  on  the  wagons,  were  driving 
for  the  rear  as  rapidly  as  possible.     The  troops  on  our 
left  were  pressed  very  hard  and  were  still  retreating 
slowly,  fighting  with  great  desperation.    This  made  it 


BATTLB    OF    SHILOH.  57 

unsafe  and  perfectly  useless  for  us,  occupying  the  right, 
to  remain  there  longer,  and  we  were  compelled  to  aban 
don  our  camps  and  retreat.  We  followed  the  Eolla 
road  toward  the  river,  marching  in  column,  with  left 
in  front,  until  we  passed  our  brigade  headquarters, 
when  we  marched  by  the  flank  toward  the  north  through 
a  dense  thicket.  The  Rebels  were  closely  in  pursuit  of 
us,  and  would  send  an  occasional  ball  rather  nearer  us 
than  was  agreeable.  Giving  back  in  that  manner  so 
long,  with  the  enemy  hotly  pursuing  us,  without  re 
ceiving  any  resistance,  was  encouraging  them  to  fol 
low  and  greatly  confusing  the  men  of  our  regiment, 
who  were  willing  and  anxious  to  contend  for  every  inch 
of  ground  over  which  we  were  retreating.  We  were 
soon  haired  and  thrown  into  line  of  battle,  fronting  to 
the  east,  and  extending  along  the  brow  of  a  bank  be 
hind  which  was  a  large  swamp,  and  on  which  there 
once  had  been  a  fence,  causing  a  thick  undergrowth  of 
sassafras.  We  then,  as  rapidly  as  possible,  got  our 
position,  and  laid  down  to  await  the  advance  of  the 
enemy,  who  soon  showed  himself  on  the  next  hill,  di 
rectly  east  of  us,  only  a  short  distance  off.  Their  banner 
could  be  distinctly  seen  when  they  opened  on  us,  mak 
ing  the  brush  rattle  around  as.  We  then  poured  a 
heavy  tire  into  their  ranks,  when  they  replied  by  firing 
several  charges  of  canister  bhot  from  a  field  piece,  do 
ing  us  great  damage,  wounding  several  and  some  mor 
tally.  Another  well-directed  volley  from  our  good 
muskets  drove  the  Rebels  from  their  ground,  which  was 
fortunate  for  us,  as  in  that  position  they  separated  us 
entirely  trom  the  oilier  part  of  the  army,  which  might 
have  resulted  in  our  capture.  Seeing  that  opportunity 
to  extricate  ourselves  from  that  precarious  position,  we 
immediately  advanced  across  the  valley  and  to  the 
ground  just  abandoned  by  the  Rebels,  marching  in  line, 
leaving  our  wounded  to  be  taken  to  an  old  building 


88  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

close  by,  used  as  a  hospital.  When  the  point  just 
spoken  of  was  reached,  we  marched  by  the  left  flank 
in  a  northernly  direction  for  about  one  quarter  of  a 
mile,  then  bearing  to  the  east  for  a  short  distance  we 
halted  in  a  field  near  some  old  buildings,  when  we 
marched  in  line  of  battle  across  the  fences  into  an  open 
wood,  near  two  hundred  yards  distant,  and  rested  in  a 
ravine,  on  a  spring  branch  for  some  time.  While  in 
tiiat  position  we  were  shielded  from  the  artillery  fire  of 
the  enemy.  About  that  time  there  was  a  desperate 
right  between  one  of  our  batteries  and  the  Rebels  ;  the 
shots  passing  continually  over  our  heads,  doing  us  no 
injury,  however,  only  causing  us  to  hug  dear  earth  in 
earnest.  About  11  o'clock,  we  were  ordered  forward 
to  relieve  a  regiment  in  our  front,  which  was  pressed 
and  was  falling  back.  We  moved  in  line  of  battle  up 
the  hill,  about  fifty  yards,  when  we  came  into  a  narrow 
open  space,  in  plain  view  of  the  enemy.  There,  the 
regiment  we  were  to  relieve,  were  firing  rapidly,  and 
when  they  saw  us  they  cheered  loudly,  waved  their 
hands  and  welcomed  us  to  their  relief.  We  passed 
them  about  thirty  yards,  and  began  firing,  which  we 
kept  up  with  great  spirit  and  determination  for  a  con 
siderable  length  of  time,  during  which  there  was  a 
complete  shower  of  grape,  canister  and  musket  shot, 
mowing  down  our  gallant  boys  with  fearful  slaughter. 
It  was  in  that  horrid  place  we  lost  so  many  of  our 
brave  men  while,  without  flinching,  they  defiantly  held 
their  ground.  There  was  great  diversity  of  opinion 
relative  to  the  length  of  time  we  were  in  that  hard 
struggle,  but  those  best  qualified  to  know  say  it  did 
not  exceed  an  hour  and  a  half,  during  which  we  lost 
forty-six  enlisted  men  killed,  and  a  great  number  in 
wounded.  Col.  Hicks,  in  the  thickest  of  the  fight, 
was  in  the  front,  urging  his  men  on,  directing  their 
fire  into  a  Rebel  battery  close  in  our  front,  from  which  we 


BATTLE    OF    SHILOH,  89 

succeeded  in  driving  its  gunners,  when  his  horse  was 
shot  from  under  him.  As  soon  as  the  colonel  recov 
ered  his  feet  again,  a  ball  struck  him  in  the  leit  shoulder, 
rendering  him  almost  helpless.  His  orderly,  with  tho 
help  of  others,  conveyed  him  back  to  the  river,  that  ho 
might  receive  surgical  aid.  The  regiment  was  ordered 
to  retreat,  which  it  did,  marching  back  over  the  sarno 
ground  on  which  it  had  advanced. 

After  retreating  some  distance,  Major  Smith  ordered 
a  halt,  and  after  considerable  difficulty  succeeded  in 
getting  our  thinned  ranks  in  order  again,  when  wo 
laid  down  for  rest  and  protection  from  the  enemy's 
shells.  Soon  some  general's  aid  passing  by  inquired, 
u  What  regiment  is  that  T'  To  which  the  major  re 
sponded,  fc»The  Fortieth  Illinois."  The  aid  then  said, 
4b  In  the  name  of  God  why  are  you  not  moving  against 
the  enemy  2"  The  major  said,  "We  have  expended 
all  our  cartridges."  The  aid  replied,  "Then  fix  bayo 
net  and  you  can  meet  them  when  they  come;  for  they 
are  massing  their  forces  in  our  front,  and  will  evidently 
press  us  with  great  strength  an  I  renewed  vigor."  The 
major  then  lormed  the  regiment  in  line,  reaJy  for  any 
emergency.  At  four  o'clock  we  were  ordered  back  to 
ward  the  river  to  support  the  line  of  heavy  siege  guns 
which  had  been  formed  there.  There  the  regiment 
spent  the  night,  without  any  refreshments  and  but  little 
repose,  remaining  in  line  and  under  arms  all  night. 
Early  next  morning  we  were  furnished  with  an  abun 
dant  supply  of  rations,  which  was  welcomely  received 
and  speedily  devoured,  as,  by  that  time,  we  could  relish 
army  rations.  Our  orders  were,  that  we  were  to  be 
under  command  ot  Gen.  Kelson,  of  Buel's  army,  which 
was  then  participating  in  the  tight,  and  to  operate  as 
his  reserve.  Gen.  Nelson's  command  was  on  the  left, 
and  soon  engagel  the  enemy  willi  his  advance,  our 
regiment  following  in  the  rear  as  the  reserve.  The 
8 


90  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

enemy's  balls  would  fly  past  us  continually,  but  seldom 
ever  injuring  any  one.  Our  troops  were  driving  the 
Rebels  slowly  anil  steadily  and  our  boys  following  them 
within  supporting  distance.  The  left  of  the  front  line 
being  pressed,  our  regiment  and  one  battery  were  or 
dered  there.  We  marched  by  the  lelt  flank  along  the 
line  until  we  gained  our  position  on  the  left,  where 
there  was  some  rapid  firing  done,  wounding  some  of 
our  boys  and  killing  one.  By  the  assistance  of  the 
artillery  we  soon  succeeded  in  completely  routing  the 
enemy  and  driving  them  from  the  ground  from  which 
they  had  been  twice  driven  before.  The  enemy  was 
then  in  full  retreat,  and  our  boys,  notwithstanding  they 
were  greatly  fatigued,  seemed  eager  to  follow  them  up, 
giving  them  their  parting  compliments  wiih  leaden 
messengers.  The  enemy's  skirmishers  continued  to 
fire  at  us  from  behind  some  tents,  trees,  etc.,  in  our 
front,  until  we  were  ordered  to  fix  bayonet,  move  for 
ward  and  find  out  their  strength.  Accordingly,  we 
passed  the  tents,  the  enemy  tailing  back  ;  their  fire 
slackening,  we  halte  1  and  remained  there  until  even 
ing.  About  sundown  we  moved  back  one  half  mile, 
stopping  on  a  road  which  was  very  muddy,  where  we 
were  posted  on  picket  guard.  During  the  night  a 
heavy  rain  fell,  causing  our  situation  to  be  extremely 
disagreeable ;  as  all  were  compelled  to  stand  on  post 
in  the  rain  without  any  shelter.  The  boys  yet  say  that 
the  Monday  night  of  the  Shiloh  battle  was  the  most 
disagreeable  night  they  ever  spent  in  the  army. 

Tuesday,  8th.  In  the  morning  we  moved  to  the 
camps  of  the  Seventy  First  O.  Y.  L,  where  we  helped 
ourselves  to  some  grub — which  we  found  there.  We 
were  ordered  to  remain  there  and  bury  the  dead  that 
were  near  that  place.  While  there,  the  regiment  in 
whose  camps  we  were  stationed  came  in  and  complained 
of  our  taking  possession,  when  our  boys  told  them  they 


COL.    HICKS    ARRIVED    AT    HOME. 

had  driven  the  Eebels  from  there,  and  being  much  in 
need  of  rations  thought  they  had  a  right  to  help  them 
selves.  Maj.  Smith  being  sick  during  the  day,  Capt. 
Hall  was  in  command  of  the  regiment.  After  having 
labored  all  day  in  burying  the  dead,  we  rested  for  the 
night  on  the  same  ground  we  had  occupied. 

Wednesday,  9th.  That  morning  Gen.  Sherman  sent 
orders  to  Maj.  Smith  to  return  to  the  regiment's  old 
quarters,  which  we  did  at  once.  We  soon  reached, 
greatly  wearied,  our  quarters,  glad  of  the  opportunity 
of  resting  once  more.  Many  of  our  little  affairs  about 
camp  had  been  destroyed  by  the  enemy  ;  our  knapsacks 
were  all  robbed  of  clothing  or  little  friendly  mementoes, 
such  as  miniatures  of  loved  ones,  which  the  villains 
generally  threw  on  the  ground  and  stamped  upon  them. 
The  remaining  part  of  our  stay  at  that  encampment 
was  the  most  unpleasant  we  ever  spent  in  camp ;  for 
there  was  no  joyousuess  or  life  in  the  camp ;  all 
seemed  to  mourn  some  sad  calamity,  and  beside  men 
tal  depression  there  was  a  general  prostration  of  the 
physical  powers,  all  appearing  languid,  dull  and  slug 
gish.  We  all  well  remember,  with  feelings  of  sadness, 
what  a  distressing  solemnity  prevailed  throughout  the 
Fortieth,  and  it  seemed  as  if  the  regiment  could  never 
recover  from  the  shock.  Sickness  soon  followed,  mak 
ing  things  still  wrorse.  All  our  boys  who  were  wounded 
were  either  sent  to  their  homes  or  hospitals. 

Col.  S.  G.  Hicks,  immediately  after  he  received  his 
wound,  was  removed  to  the  landing  and  placed  on  a 
large  hospital  boat,  which  started  down  the  river  on 
the  evening  of  Tuesday,  April  7th,  and  arrived  at 
Mound  City  on  the  evening  of  Friday,  10th.  He  was 
immediately  taken  to  a  hospital,  where,  by  kind  nurses 
and  competent  and  experienced  surgeons,  he  was  at 
tentively  cared  for.  After  remaining  there  until  the 
18th  of  April,  he  was  taken  to  his  home  at  Salem,  111., 


92  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

where  be  suffered  very  severely  from  disease  and  the 
effect  of  his  wound.  As  soon  as  his  health  would 
permit  he  returned  to  the  regiment,  which  he  joined  at 
La  Fayette,  on  the  18th  of  July,  1862. 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

Siege  of  Corinth  and  summer  campaign  through  Tennessee. 

ON  Wednesday  morning,  April  29th,  the  great  army 
encamped  at  Pittsbtirg  Landing,  received  orders  to  be 
ready  to  march.  At  ten  o'clock,  A.  M.,  we  moved  for 
ward  with  our  brigade  ;  and  soon  the  never-to-be-for 
gotten  battle  ground  of  Shiloh,  with  the  graves  of 
many  near  and  dear  friends  and  fellow-soldiers,  who 
fell  while  bravely  struggling  for  our  glorious  national 
cause,  was  left  behind.  We  marched  very  slowly, 
sometimes,  halting  for  hours,  to  allow  other  troops  to 
pass  to  the  front.  'A  large  quantity  of  knapsacks, 
haversacks,  commissary  stores,  etc.,  was  discovered 
along  ihe  road,  which  the  Rebels,  in  their  hasty  retreat 
from  Shiloh,  had  been  forced  to  throw  away  ;  but  lit 
tle  of  it  was  of  any  value  to  us,  and,  therefore,  was  let 
alone,  save,  now  and  then,  a  soldier  would  fall  out  of 
ranks  and  cut  off  some  buttons  bearing  the  vile  reptile 
of  treason  which,  no  doubt,  had  adorned  the  person  of 
some  Rebel  official ;  but  which  our  boys  sent  home  to 
their  friends  as  a  kind  of  memento. 

After  having  marched  about,  four  miles,  we  en 
camped  in  the  edge  of  the  timber  on  the  south  side  of 
an  old  dilapidated  plantation.  Having  been  ordered 
to  bring  only  four  shelter  tents,  the  greater  number  of 
our  boys  were  compelled  to  sleep  without  any  shelter, 
only  such  as  their  blankets  afforded  them. 

On  the  morning  of  the  30th,  after  building  a  bridge 


CAMP    NO.    ONE.  93 

over  a  deep  ravine,  we  were  ordere  1  into  line  and  soon 
joined  in  with  the  marching  column. 

We  passed  occasionally  a  farm,  but  they  were  gen 
erally  destroyed  by  the  desolating  hand  of  war.  After 
we  had  marched  about  three  miles,  we  were  halted  on 
a  high  hill,  from  which  place  we  had  a  fine  Tiew  of 
the  surrounding  country.  Here  we  camped — making 
a  very  agreeable  encampment. 

The  next  day,  May  1st,  Paymaster  Major  Hoy  vis 
ited  us,  and  paid  us  off  for  the  months  of  January  and 
February.  The  boys  are  always  willing  to  receive 
some  of  "  Uncle  Sam's  "  greenbacks;  but  this  time 
there  was  no  chance  to  make  use  of  them, — as  no  op 
portunity  offered  to  send  the  money  to  our  friends, 
it  was  nearly  useless. 

May  2d.  Our  brigade  commenced  building  breast 
works;  the  first  work  of  the  kind  we  had  done  since 
we  left  Paducah  ;  but  this  was  only  an  introduction  to 
what  was  yet  before  us. 

May  3d.  Several  companies  of  the  regiment  drew 
Enfield  rifles,  and.  turned  over  their  old  Harper's  Ferry 
muskets,  being  well  satisfied  with  the  exchange.  The 
military  title  of  this  camp  was  "  Camp  No.  1."  The 
weather  being  quite  pleasant,  and  the  locality  beau 
tiful,  the  Fortieth's  jolly  boys  were  in  fine  spirits. 
Some  companies  drilled  in  the  cool  part  of  the  day — 
company  u  II  "  drilled  in  the  skirmish  drill,  in  which 
they  are  quite  perfect.  At  this  point  Gen.  Sherman's 
division  (the  5th)  formed  a  junction  with  the  main 
army,  and  occupied  the  extreme  right ;  while  Gen. 
Pope's  division  occupied  the  extreme  left  of  a  circu 
lar  line,  fronting  toward  Corinth,  and  about  eight 
miles  in  length.  Our  regiment  then  occupied  the  left 
of  McDowell's  brigade,  which  was  the  right  brigade 
of  Sherman's  division — it  will  be  seen  that  the 


94   •          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

Fortieth   was   the  third   regiment  from    the   extreme 
right  of  the  army  advancing  upon  Corinth 

In  the  evening,  we  received  orders  to  be  ready  to 
advance  the  next  morning.  Accordingly,  all  u  hands 
and  the  cooks  "  were  busy  preparing  a  good  supply  of 
grub  for  the  next  day's  use.  Our  orders  were,  to  al 
ways  keep  two  days'  rations  in  our  haversacks,  for  any 
emergency. 

May  ±th.  At  eight  o'clock,  we  again  took  up  the 
line  of  march;  and  about  one  o'clock,  P.  M..  while  a 
heavy  rain,  very  cold  and  disagreeable,  was  pouring 
down  upon  us,  the  column  was  halted  ;  but  in  vain  we 
sought  for  shelter  from  the  cold  and  drenching  rain. 

Soon,  notwithstanding  cold  and  wet  feet,  and  weary 
and  shivering  limbs,  a  heavy  detail  was  made  for 
picket  guard,  and,  after  forming  and  standing  in  line 
for  an  hour,  waiting  for  orders,  they  were  marched 
out  to  the  front,  and  placed  on  their  lonely  posts,  to 
remain  for  twenty-four  hours,  without  protection  from 
the  storm,  and  without  sleep  for  their  weary  bodies. 
This  was  hard  to  endure,  but  all  knew  it  to  be  neces 
sary  for  our  own  safety,  as  well  as  the  safety  of  our 
cause,  and  there  was  not  a  murmur  uttered. 

May  6th.  Another  line  of  earthworks  was  com 
menced — on  which  the  Old  Fortieth  labored  with  en 
ergy  and  promptness  ;  being  assured,  that  with  bravery, 
industry,  and  perse verence,  they  could  act  their  part 
in  driving  the  enemy  from  his  stronghold.  Every 
man  was  willing  to  do  his  duty.  Each  regiment  built 
the  works  in  front  its  own  line;  and,  in  passing  along 
the  line  of  works,  which  extended  from  Sherman's 
right  to  Pope's  left,  no  stronger  ones  could  be  seen 
than  in  the  front  of  the  Fortieth.  This  was  "Camp 
No.  2,"  where  we  remained  until  May  1th,  when  we 
again  advanced  about  one  mile,  and  formed  our  line  in 
the  usual  direction,  which  threw  our  regiment  in  a 


CAMP    NO.  THREE.  95 

very  thick  underbrush,  so  dense  that  it  was  with  great 
difficulty  that  we  formed  a  line,  and  stacked  our  arms  ; 
but  axes  were  soon  brought  fur  ward,  a  fatigue  detail 
set  at  work,  and,  in  less  than  an  hour,  a  neat  camping 
ground  was  cleared  off.  Scarcely  had  this  work  been 
completed,  when  we  began  throwing  up  our  line  of 
fortifications,  and,  by  dark,  another  strong  line  of  pits 
was  in  our  front,  and  we  retired  to  rest,  feeling  that 
our  position  was  perfectly  secure.  This  was  denomi 
nated  Camp  No.  3. 

May  llth.  Another  advance  was  made  of  one  mile 
and  a  half,  after  which,  as  usual,  a  strong  line  of  de 
fense  was  speedily  erected,  and  the  timber  for  several 
hundred  yards  in  front  of  it  cleared  away,  to  allow  the 
artillery  a  fair  sweep.  Nothing  of  unusual  importance 
occurred  during  our  stay  at  this  "  Camp  No.  4," 

May  13th.  Our  line  again  advanced  one  mile  and 
a  half,  where  we  came  in  contact  with  a  heavy  Rebel 
picket,  which  we  soon  succeeded  in  driving  away  ; 
after  which,  as  soon  as  possible,  a  "  Union  "  breast 
work  was  reared  along  the  little  path  patted  down  by 
Confederate  sentinels.  Thus,  Camp  No.  4  was  perma 
nently  established  in  spite  of  Eebel  opposition.  Our 
pickets,  being  posted  about  one  thousand  yards  in  ad 
vance  of  our  works,  kept  up  a  continual  fire  with  the 
Rebel  pickets,  but  neither  did  much  damage.  Lieut. 
Thomas  Galvin,  of  Company  u  II,"  on  the  15th,  while 
on  picket  duty,  was  slightly  wounded  in  the  side — be 
ing  all  the  injury  the  Fortieth  received  while  at  this 
camp. 

May  17th.  In  the  evening,  the  Rebel  pickets  seem 
ing  to  be  very  stubborn,  General  Sherman  ordered  six 
regiments  to  ascertain  the  strength  of  the  enemy,  and, 
if  possible,  to  drive  them  further.  The  column  was 
halted  after  reaching  our  line,  when  the  8th  Missouri 
and  the  55th  Illinois  were  selected  to  make  the  attack, 


96  FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

while  the  other  regiments  were  to  remain  in  line  as  re 
serves. 

The  two  regiments  advanced,  singing,  shouting,  and 
making  all  the  noise  they  could,  not  thinking  that  in 
only  a  few  minutes,  many  of  them  might  be  found 
dead,  dying,  or  groaning  with  wounds. 

Little  did  they  heed  the  danger  which  they  knew 
was  just  before  them  ;  but  joyfully  they  marched  on, 
even  to  the  hostile  enemy's  lines.  After  a  severe  skir 
mish,  in  which  the  8th  and  55th  suffered  severely,  the 
Rebels  fell  back  about  one  mile.  Great  credit  is  due 
the  8th  Missouri  and  55th  Illinois,  for  their  brave 
and  gallant  conduct  in  this  engagement. 

May  20^A.  The  pay  rolls  came  to  us,  and  the  news 
that  Uncle  Sam  was  ready  to  liquidate  the  debts  he 
owed  to  his  boys  for  their  worthy  service  Accord 
ingly,  at  ten  o'clock,  at  night,  Major  Getzmer  (pay 
master)  arrived,  and  paid  us  two  months'  wages,  for 
the  months  of  March  and  April.  This  ends  our  ope 
rations  at  Camp  No.  5. 

May  %lst.  At  an  early  hour  we  advanced  again, 
and  occupied  the  same  ground  the  enemy  had  been 
driven  from  the  previous  evening.  Here  we  immedi 
ately  commenced  digging  riflepits,  which  we  did 
quietly,  to  keep  the  Rebels  from  knowing  our  position 
until  we  were  prepared  for  them.  We  dug  all  the  af 
ternoon  and  the  principal  part  of  the  night — while 
Gen.  Sherman  would  pass  along  occasionally,  and 
kindly  encourage  us.  This  did  our  boys  much  good, 
for  the  Fortieth  always  loved  General  Sherman  very 
much. 

We  did  not  retire  for  rest  until  we  had  "  Camp  No. 
6  "  well  intrenched. 

May  22nd.  This  day  was  spent  in  strengthening 
the  works,  and  placing  all  the  artillery  in  position. 
Six  large  siege  guns  were  brought  up  and  planted. 


A    SKEDADDLE.  97 

These  guns  were  drawn  by  six  yoke  of  oxen,  and  were 
called,  by  the  boys,  the  ox  battery. 

On  the  right  and  left  of  them  were  field  pieces, 
planted  every  thirty  or  forty  feet,  making  our  position 
perfectly  secure  against  any  force  the  Rebels  might 
have  brought  against  us.  Here  our  pickets  and  the 
Rebels  were  quite  close,  and  sometimes  would  keep  up 
a  pretty  hot  fire;  which,  luckily,  did  us  but  little  in 
jury — however,  one  of  Company  "  F's  "  boys  received 
a  severe  wound  in  the  hand,  on  this  line. 

Sometimes  the  Rebs  and  our  boys  would  strike  up  a 
conversation  which  was  quite  amusing.  One  day,  one 
of  Company  "  E's  "  boys  asked  Mr.  Reb  : 

"  How  far  is  it  to  Corinth  ?" 

To  which  he  replied  : 

"  It's  so  d d  far,  you  '11  never  get  thar!  " 

One  of  Company  "  K's  "  boys  proposed  singing  a 
ditty,  to  which  the  Rebs  agreed.  lie  loudly  sang  the 
u  Happy  Land  of  Canaan,"  to  which,  when  he  had 
finished,  the  Rebs  replied  with  a  shower  of  musket 
balls. 

May  2Sth.  Preparations  were  made  for  a  forward 
movement.  The  troops  along  the  line  commenced 
moving  out  at  seven  o'clock,  A.  M.,  with  the  Fortieth 
in  front,  supporting  a  battery  of  two  twenty-four 
pounder  Parrot  guns  of  Silverspars  battery.  As 
soon  as  our  advance  reached  the  picket  line,  the  com 
mand  was  given  to  halt — -when  the  two  guns  (Parrots) 
were  ordered  into  position,  with  strict  orders  to  make 
as  little  noise  as  possible.  This  order  was  soon  exe 
cuted.  After  which,  the  battery  began  to  send  over 
some  Yankee  compliments,  to  the  Rebel  pickets,  in  the 
shape  of  bomb-shells,  which  they  appeared  unwilling 
to  receive,  and  began  to  skedaddle  beyond  their  reach. 
The  column  was  then  deployed  right  and  left,  leaving 
our  regiment  with  the  battery  in  the  center. 
8 


98  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

After  sending  skirmishers  to  the  front,  the  whole 
line  moved  forward,  meeting  with  considerable  resist 
ance,  from  the  stubborn,  yet  retreating,  ^  Confed." 
pickets,  until  we  had  gained  another  commanding  po 
sition. 

We  halted,  and  all  the  artillery  was  brought  up  and 
arranged.  Here  we  remained  quietly,  until  about 
three  o'clock,  P.  M.  The  Rebels  concentrated  their 
forces  and  made  a  desperate  effort  to  break  our  lines. 
Thinking  they  would  frighten  us,  they  moved  forward 
yelling  and  screaming  like  demons  ;  but  soon  they  met 
our  skirmish  companies,  and  some  firing  ensued, 
which  called  Gen.  Sherman  to  the  spot,  when  Major 
Taylor  rode  hurriedly  up,  and  said : 

u  General,  had  n't  I  better  give  them  some  shells 
left  oblique?* 

To  which  the  general  replied  : 
u  Yes,  yes — quick,  quick." 

As  the  gray  coats  came  over  the  field,  in  full  view, 
the  old  Parrot  guns  poured  a  destructive  fire  into,  their 
front,  while  the  battery  on  each  side  gave  them  a  hor 
rid  cross  fire.  This  they  could  not  stand,  and  they 
turned  and  fled  in  great  disorder. 

In  their  hasty  route,  they  threw  a  few  shells  over  us, 
which  passed  by,  harming  no  one.  We  remained  in 
line  till  after  dark  ;  all  the  while  being  careful  to  de 
ceive  the  enemy  in  regard  to  our  strength  and  posi 
tion. 

Soon  after  dark,  another  line  of  works  was  com 
menced,  and,  hard  as  it  was,  the  soldier  boys  were 
compelled  to  work  all  night,  without  any  rest,  and 
with  but  little  to  eat ;  for  we  durst  not  have  any  light, 
which  would  draw  the  enemy's  fire,  or  give  them 
range  on  us.  By  morning,  the  work  was  completed, 
and  the  "  Union  "  troops  were  securely  posted  one 
mile  nearer  Corinth  than  they  were  on  the  previous 
morning. 


MARCH    INTO    COKINT1I.  99 

Nay  29$.  At  8  o'clock  A.  M.,  the  Fortieth,  with 
the  other  regiments  of  our  brigade,  was  ordered  to  the 
extreme  right,  the  place  where  we  rightly  belonged  ; 
and  which,  for  the  first  time,  rested  on  the  Mobile  and 
Ohio  railroad,  at  a  point  three  miles  north  of  Corinth. 
The  Fortieth  had  to  throw  up  another  breastwork  here, 
which  kept  them  busy  all  day  ;  but,  in  the  evening,  we 
got  a  pretty  good  supper,  and  were  permitted  to  rest 
all  night.  This  is  Camp  No.  7,  and  the  last  one  of  the 
siege  of  Corn  5th. 

May  30th.  Early  in  the  morning,  the  news  came 
that  the  u  Eebs  "  were  gone,  and  we  were  ordered  to 
leave  our  trenches  and  enter  the  Itebel  fort  at  once. 

To  most  of  the  soldiers  this  was  pleasing  intelli 
gence  ;  but  some  of  them  seemed  dissatisfied  with  the 
result,  and  said  they  would  much  rather  have  fought 
them  there  than  pursue  them  farther,  and  then  have  to 
fight  them. 

At  8  o'clock,  the  whole  of  Sherman's  division,  with 
banners  unfurled  and  music  from  every  band,  set  out 
for  Corinth.  Soon  we  entered  their  outer  works,  when 
each  regiment  commenced  the  wildest  cheering,  and 
the  bands,  with  louder  strains,  mingled  their  instrumen 
tal  with  the  vocal  music — altogether  making  the  pro 
cession  exciting  and  beautiful  to  all.  We  entered  the 
town,  where  we  found  but  little  to  attract  our  attention, 
save  the  smoking  ruins  of  Confederate  property. 

The  Fortieth  remained  in  town  till  evening,  when  it 
marched  back  to  Camp  No.  7 — all  the  boys  carrying 
with  them  some  cooking  utensils  or  other  articles  they 
might  need  in  camp — which  they  had  picked  up  in  the 
town.  Some  had  buckets,  others  kettles  or  anything 
that  the  wants  of  a  soldier  might  call  for.  We  re 
mained  in  that  camp  for  two  days,  which  time  was 
spent  in  washing  and  fixing  ourselves  up,  and  resting 


100         F011TIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEEK    INFANTRY. 

our  weary  bodies  after  so  long  a  continuation  of  fatigues, 
exposures  and  perils. 

June  2d.  At  2  o'clock  p.  M.  we  again  set  out  on  a 
march.  Soon  after  leaving  camp  a  drenching  rain 
commenced  falling,  wetting  us  completely,  and  caus 
ing  the  soldiers  to  commence  firing  off  their  guns, 
which  soon  made  a  roar  equal  to  an  ordinary  battle. 
But  by  the  prompt  action  of  Gen.  Sherman  the  dis 
charge  of  firearms  was  stopped,  and  good  order  re 
stored.  We  marched  through  Corinth,  and  continued 
from  the  depot  in  a  southwest  direction  for  one  mile, 
when  we  stopped  for  the  night.  Our  clothing  being 
so  wet,  and  having  no  tents  in  which  to  sleep,  we  spent 
a  very  uncomfortable  night — nothing  uncommon  for 
us  though. 

June  3J.  Early  in  the  morning  we  formed  and 
marched  two  or  three  miles  farther  in  the  same  direc 
tion,  and  halted  at  another  point  on  the  Memphis  and 
Charleston  railroad.  We  remained  at  this  point  for 
some  time,  doing  but  very  little  of  importance.  The 
reader  will  observe  that  the  great  army  which  had 
been  so  systematically  connected  together  in  the  ad 
vance  on  the  Rebel  fort  at  Corinth,  was,  at  that  time, 
moving  in  almost  every  direction.  Some  were  march 
ing  south,  others  westward,  and  some  eastward,  all 
taking  the  positions  assigned  them  by  our  commanders 
to  form  the  lines  of  defense. 

June  6th.  The  Fortieth,  with  the  other  regiments 
of  the  brigade,  set  out  on  the  road,  moving  westward. 
Fine  day  for  marching — so  cool  and  pleasant — we 
halted  and  camped  near  a  small  railroad  station,  called 
"Chevalla.51 

The  inhabitants  of  the  country  through  that  section 
(the  slaves  excepted)  were  mostly  absent  from  their 
homes.  Some  were  in  the  Rebel  army,  others  had  fled, 
fearing  the  vile  Yankees  would  destroy  them. 


CAMPED    AT    CHEV^lLLA.  101. 

June  lltfi.  Great  preparations  were  made  to  march. 
We  had  orders  to  move  to  the  west,  along  the  line  of 
railroad,  and  take,  in  our  wagons  and  otherwise,  fif 
teen  day's  rations.  The  forenoon  was  spent  in  cooking 
and  storing  away  rations  in  haversacks,  and  making 
ready  for  a  vigorous  march.  At  2  o'clock  p.  M.  we 
marched — proceeding  very  slowly  ;  the  weather  being 
extremely  hot  and  sultry,  and  the  road  so  dusty  that  as 
we  passed  along  we  could  scarcely  see  one  rod  ahead. 
These  difficulties  rendered  that  march  one  of  the  most 
laborious  and  disagreeable  of  the  summer  campaign. 
Some  were  completely  exhausted,  and  compelled  to 
stop  by  the  road  side  ;  but  when  the  wagons  came  up 
they  could,  by  riding,  catch  up  with  the  advancing 
column. 

We  passed  over  rough  pine  hills,  and  after  dark 
crossed  the  "  Hatchie  "  river,  stopping,  for  the  night, 
close  by  that  stream.  Our  rest,  during  the  night,  was, 
indeed,  sweet,  if  our  lowly  beds  were  made  of  one 
blanket  on  the  hard  ground.  No  person  can  value  a 
rest  so  justly  as  a  soldier,  after  a  hard  day's  march. 

June  12th.  We  were  early  up  and  off'  again,  march 
ing  at  a  very  moderate  gate.  We  passed  through  some 
beautiful  farming  country,  and  many  large  plantations, 
on  which  were  fine  mansions,  tastefully  decorated  ;  but 
the  farm  improvements  did  not  wear  the  same  neat 
ness  of  our  pretty  western  farms.  While  passing  along 
the  road,  groups  of  pretty,  smiling  ladies  would  as 
semble  and  waive  their  handkerchiefs.  The  "  boys," 
taking  this  as  sufficient  evidence  of  their  Union  senti 
ment,  began  cheering  them,  while  some  loudly  ex 
claimed,  "  Huzza  for  the  gals  r  "Bless  the  dear 
creatures  /' ' 

Those  exciting  performances  cheered  the  drooping 
spirits  of  the  soldiers,  and  they  marched  with  greater 
energy  all  evening.  At  3  o'clock  p.  M.,  we  halted  and 


VORTIETH  ILLINOIS  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 

arranged  our  traps  for  a  night's  rest.  Oar  rations  not 
being  of  the  best  quality,  the  boys,  tired  as  they  were, 
struck  out  for  forage ;  and  soon  returned  with  an 
abundant  supply  of  chickens,  turkeys  and  berries  for 
their  suppers.  This  was  clone,  however,  contrary  to 
a  special  order  issued  by  Gen.  Sherman  at  Chevalla. 

June  13/A.  We  set  out  again,  and,  during  the  day, 
we  passed  large  plantations  cultivated  by  negroes. 
Here,  many  of  us,  for  the  first  time  in  our  lives,  saw 
negroes,  males  and  females,  plowing  and  hoeing  cot 
ton.  But  while  the  soldiers  were  passing  by,  most  of 
the  negroes  would  stop  work,  and,  with  a  steady  gaze, 
appear  to  contemplate  a  day  when  they  would  be  a 
free  people.  Sometimes  they  would  mount  the  fence 
and  cheer  us  as  wo  marched  along.  Occasionally  one 
would  ask  us  "  where  are  you'ens  all  gwine  ?  u  I  love 
you'ens  all" — expressions  showing  that  they  thought  we 
were  their  best  friends,  and  that  they  would  rather  be 
with  us  than  with  their  masters.  They  would  often 
meet  us  in  the  road  with  buckets  full  of  water,  which 
was  as  good  a  treat  as  the  soldiers  could  ask.  Weary 
and  almost  exhausted  with  heat,  we  halted  about  three 
o'clock  P.  M.,  and  camped. 

June  14:t7i.  At  sunrise  we  resumed  our  journey 
westward ;  in  the  afternoon,  after  a  hard  day's  march 
through  long  lanes,  intense  heat  and  a  continual  cloud 
of  dust,  we  arrived  at  La  Grange,  Tenn.  Here  we 
found  a  beautiful  little  town,  situated  two  miles  west  of 
Grand  Junction,  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  Rail 
road — forty-nine  miles  east  of  Memphis.  The  town 
then  contained  about  one  thousand  inhabitants,  four 
churches,  two  male  and  one  female  academies,  and 
four  or  five  workshops,  conducted  by  slaves.  We  took 
up  camp  on  the  north  side  of  the  town,  in  a  beautiful 
grove,  on  the  north  and  west  of  which  were  large 
plantations,  and  on  the  south  and  east  fine  houses? 


MARCH    TO    MOSCOW.  103 

pleasant  groves  and  nice  shrubbery.  There  were 
few  Union  men  in  this  town — the  most  of  the  in 
habitants  even  declaring  their  sympathy  with  the 
rebel  cause.  But,  at  that  time,  notwithstanding  their 
disloyal  sentiments,  it  was  our  policy  to  protect  their 
property  ;  and,  for  this  purpose,  large  guard  details 
from  the  Fortieth  were  daily  made.  This  course,  how 
ever,  was  not  consistent  with  the  feelings  of  most  of 
the  soldiers — to  the  loyal  only  did  they  feel  disposed 
to  give  protection. 

June  2lst.  At  four  o'clock  p.  M.,  after  seeing  much 
of  the  spirit  of  the  rebellion  arid  of  Southern  aristoc 
racy,  we  decamped  and  set  out  for  Moscow,  where  we 
arrived  about  eight  o'clock  p.  M.  As  we  entered  the 
village  every  baud  in  our  brigade  began  playing 
"  Hail  Columbia,"  and,  so  cheering  was  the  music,  the 
soldiers,  forgetting  that  they  were  weary,  with  quick 
step  and  proud  hearts,  moved  forward  to  the  northeast 
side  of  the  town,  where  we  rested  over  the  night. 
This  village  is  on  the  Memphis  and  Charleston  Rail 
road,  ten  miles  west  of  La  Grange. 

June  22d.  Early  in  the  morning,  we  left  Moscow, 
and  after  marching  ten  miles  through  a  fine  farming 
country,  and  passing  large  plantations,  on  which  were 
hundreds  of  negroes,  male  and  female,  plowing  and 
hoeing  young  corn  and  cotton,  we  stopped  for  the  night 
on  Wolf  river,  near  a  small  village  called  La  Fayette. 

Jane  2M.  We  turned  back  that  day  and  marched 
to  Moscow,  suffering  very  much  from  heat  and  fatigue. 
We  remained  here  some  time,  resting  and  taking  things 
easily. 

June  oOth.  We  were  mustered  for  pay  at  ten  o'clock, 
by  the  adjutant  of  the  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry ;  and 
marched  at  three  o'clock  p.  M.  After  going  south, 
about  nine  miles,  we  stopped  for  the  night  by  an  old 
Methodist  Church  house.  During  that  evening's  march, 


104:  FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 

the  regiment  suffered  severely  for  the  want  of  water. 
What  we  had  in  our  canteens,  when  we  started,  was 
all  we  could  get  until  we  camped  in  the  evening.  The 
weather  was  so  extremely  hot,  and  the  roads  so  very 
dusty  that  many  of  us,  when  we  stopped  for  the  night, 
could  say  of  a  truth,  "  I  never  knew  what  it  was  to 
want  water  before." 

July  1st.  We  proceeded  on  our  march  at  an  early 
hour,  toward  Holly  Springs — passed  through  a  dingy 
hamlet  called  Coldwater.  After  marching  about  five 
miles,  our  brigade  formed  in  line  of  battle  on  the  brow 
of  a  high  hill,  close  to  Coldwater  creek.  There  was 
a  regiment  or  two  of  Rebel  cavalry  operating  through 
that  section,  at  that  time,  sometimes  skirmishing  with 
our  cavalry,  but  always  keeping  out  of  sight  of  the  in 
fantry. 

July  3d.  Our  regiment,  with  the  brigade,  marched 
into  Holly  Springs,  Mississippi  ;  the  chief  object  of 
which  was  to  let  the  Rebel  citizens  see  what  kind  of 
looking  people  the  Union  soldiers  were. 

During  our  stay  there,  which  was  only  two  or  three 
hours,  the  soldiers  had  more  than  ordinary  privileges — 
to  see,  what  was  to  be  seen,  and  to  enjoy,  what  was  to 
be  enjoyed. 

Several  exciting  and  interesting  arguments  took 
place  between  our  soldiers  and  the  citizens,  in  which  we 
faithfully  warned  them  of  the  consequences  that  would 
follow  if  they  persisted  in  their  rebellious  course. 

The  court  house,  around  which  our  arms  were  stack 
ed,  was  completely  sacked  by  the  soldiers.  A  member 
of  company  E,  while  examining  the  contents  of  a  bar 
rel  sitting  in  one  of  the  lower  rooms  of  said  building, 
discovered  an  old  Union  flag,  which  appeared  to  have 
been  concealed  there  from  the  beginning  of  the  war. 
It  was  in  the  bottom  of  the  barrel,  covered  up  with 
rags  and  papers,  and,  on  the  top  of  the  barrel  boxes 


OUR    MARCH    INTO    HOLLY    SPRINGS.  105 

were  stored  away.  The  flag  was  taken  out  and  unfurled 
to  the  breeze,  where  it  delightfully  waved,  to  the  joy  of 
the  Union  boys  and  the  shame  of  the  llebel  citizens. 
That  flag  was  carried  by  Company  E  until  the  regi 
ment  arrived  at  Memphis,  where  it  was  hoisted,  about 
forty  feet  high,  in  Fort  Pickering,  close  to  the  bank  of 
the  Mississippi  river.  There  the  old  banner  remained 
until  worn  out,  permitted  to  waft  its  loved  colors  and 
represent  again,  as  it  did  before  the  rebellion,  the  no 
blest  Government  on  earth.  In  the  evening  we  returned 
to  our  camp  on  Cold  water  creek,  feeling  that  we  had 
been  well  compensated  for  our  trip. 

Friday,  July  4/A.  Although  the  birth-day  of  Ameri 
can  Independence,  and  the  day  which  we  had  all  been 
accustomed  to  celebrate  by  grand  processions,  splendid 
dinners,  etc.,  passed  away  without  much  excitement  or 
public  demonstration.  T\vo  or  three  short  speeches 
were  made,  one  by  Lieut.  Col.  Boothe,  in  which  he  very 
appropriately  spoke  of  the  importance  of  good  discip 
line  in  the  army,  and  of  the  great  responsibility  resting 
upon  those  whose  duty  it  is  to  stand  by  and  protect  our 
Government. 

Eating  haril  crackers  and  old  bacon  was  felt  by  all 
of  us  to  be  rather  a  rough  way  to  spend  the  glorious 
Fourth,  and  much  was  said  about  the  contrast  between 
the  way  we  spent  that  and  the  previous  Fourth  of 
July. 

July  Qth.  At  4:  oVlock,  p.  M.,  we  decamped,  and  set 
out  toward  Moscow,  marching  until  after  dark,  when 
a  halt  was  ordered  for  the  night. 

July  7th.  Early  in  the  morning,  before  the  boys 
could  get  their  breakfast,  the  column  was  again  moved 
forward. 

The  Fortieth  marched  in  front,  and  as  the  Sixth 
Iowa,  while  in  front  the  evening  before,  had  tried  to 
outdo  the  other  regiments  of  the  brigade,  we  inarched 


106         FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

very  fast,  and  continued  without  halting  until  we  ar 
rived  at  Moscow.  After  that  the  Sixth  Iowa  boys 
were  always  ready  to  admit  that  the  Fortieth's  boys 
could  not  only  march  as  well  as  any  regiment  they  had 
ever  been  with,  but  could  inarch  as  fast  and  as  far  as 
they  could.  Breakfast  was  then  prepared,  for  which 
every  one  had  an  unusually  good  relish. 

Sunday,  July  \Wi.  At  daylight  we  set  out  for 
La  Fayette,  and  reached  the  place  at  8  o'clock,  A.  M. 
The  column  was  halted  on  the  south  side  of  Wolf  river, 
and  was  permitted  to  rest  until  3  o'clock,  p.  M.,  when 
it  again  moved  on  in  a  northward  direction. 

We  arrived  at  Macon,  a  small  town  about  nine  miles 
from  La  Fayette,  at  8  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and  took  up  quar 
ters  for  the  night.  That  evening's  march  was  through 
a  fine  country,  well  improved,  and  at  that  time  promis 
ing  an  abundant  harvest  of  corn  and  cotton.  Macon 
was  then  a  beautiful  little  town,  containing  several 
nice  buildings,  with  yards  admirably  bedecked  with 
flowers  and  shrubbery. 

July  14/A.  Early  in  the  morning,  without  breakfast, 
we  were  called  into  line,  and  taking  a  road  running 
west  we  inarched  about  eight  miles  and  halted  to  rest, 
at  ten  o'clock.  The  boys  at  once  commenced  preparing 
breakfast,  a  good  portion  of  which  was  green  corn, 
boiled  and  roasted.  In  the  evening  we  set  out  again, 
and  continued  to  march  westward  for  about  seven 
miles,  when  we  arrived  at  a  small  stream,  by  which 
we  bivouacked  until  the  next  evening,  when  we  turned 
toward  La  Fayette.  We  marched  back  to  the  place 
where  we  rested  the  day  before,  and  there  camped  for 
the  night. 

July  16^A.  At  sunrise  we  took  up  our  line  of  march 
again  for  La  Fayette,  where  we  arrived  at  11  oclock, 
A.  M. 

July  "LSth.     That   morning   Col.  Hicks,   who  went 


AKRIVAL    AT    FOET    PICKERING.  107 

home  on  account  of  his  wounds,  soon  after  the  battle 
of  Shiloh,  and  Adjt.  Barnhill,  who  left  us  at  Camp 
~No.  6  (of  the  advance  on  Corinth),  on  account  of  ill- 
health,  again  joined  the  regiment. 

At  eight  o'clock  we  set  out  for  Memphis,  and  after 
inarching  four  or  five  miles,  rested  until  late  in  the 
evening,  when  we  moved  forward  again  on  the  main 
road  toward  the  city.  We  halted  about  11  o'clock,  p. 
M.,  and  rested  the  remainder  of  the  night. 

July  19th.  Early  in  the  morning,  before  having 
time  to  prepare  breakfast,  we  were  called  into  Hue,  and 
moved  on  to  Germantown,  where  we  rested  about  an 
hour,  after  which  we  marched  to  White  Station,  within 
nine  miles  of  Memphis. 

July  20th.  Being  the  Sabbath  clay,  from  this,  or 
some  other  cause,  we  did  not  move.  We  had  church 
at  eleven  o'clock,  A.  M.,  which  furnished  a  very  plea- 
ant  respite  to  many  of  the  soldiers. 

July  21st.  At  sunrise  that  morning  we  received 
orders  to  move  on  to  Memphis.  What  tents,  cooking 
utensils,  etc.,  we  had  were  soon  packed  in  the  wagons, 
ready  for  the  day's  march,  and  at  an  early  hour  the 
entire  division  moved  forward.  It  was  a  very  dis 
agreeable  day  to  march,  the  weather  was  so  extremely 
hot,  and  the  roads  so  very  dusty,  that  many  became 
exhausted  and  were  compelled  to  fall  out  of  ranks. 
We  arrived  at  Memphis  about  12  o'clock,  M.  The 
column  was  marched  up  Poplar  street  to  Main  street, 
where  it  turned  to  the  left  and  marched  south  near  one 
mile,  to  the  ground  on  which  Fort  Pickering  now 
stands.  The  regiment  stacked  arms,  and  we  rested 
our  weary  bodies  during  the  remaining  part  of  the  day. 
We  received,  soon  after  our  arrival,  a  very  large  mail, 
which  was  a  great  source  of  pleasure,  as  we  had  not 
heard  of  our  friends  at  home  for  some  time,  which  to 
us  seemed  a  very  long  period. 


108  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

The  next  day  the  ground  for  our  encampment  was 
selected,  and  arrangements  commenced  for  the  erection 
of  comfortable  quarters. 


CHAPTER  IX. 

Our  sojourn  in  Fort  Pickering,  near  Memphis,  Tennessee — Colonel  S. 
G.  Hicks — -Honorable  discharge  from  the  United  States  service. 

OUR  encampment  at  Fort  Pickering,  near  Memphis, 
Tennessee,  was  located  in  a  very  agreeable  place,  on  a 
high  bank  of  the  river,  near  the  present  military  land 
ing. 

It  afforded  a  beautiful  view  of  the  river  north  and 
south,  and,  not  a  little  to  our  comfort,  a  delightful 
breeze  came  off'  the  mighty  waters,  almost  constantly, 
rendering  it  pleasant  even  in  warm  weather. 

Having  but  few  shelter  tents,  the  soldiers  com 
menced  erecting  shanties,  and,  in  a  few  days,  were 
comfortably  situated. 

After  a  long  march,  through  the  heat  of  summer, 
which  is  so  unfavorable  to  the  keeping  of  a  regiment 
in  nice  uniform,  and  not  having  drawn  an  clothing 
after  leaving  Corinth,  the  regiment  presented  a  very 
ragged  and  dirty  appearance. 

The  quartermaster,  however,  soon  drew  new  cloth 
ing  for  us,  after  which  we  made  as  fine  a  display  on 
dress  parade,  as  if  we  had  never  been  on  a  hard  march 
or  seen  any  actual  service. 

It  was  the  general  expectation  among  the  soldiers, 
when  we  arrived  there,  that  we  would  have  to  labor 
on  the  fortifications,  but  to  our  agreeable  disappoint 
ment,  a  new  policy  had  been  adopted  by  the  military 
authority,  and  negroes  were  employed  in  our  stead. 


FALL    CAMPAIGN.  100 

Hundreds  of  the  poor  blacks,  whohad  gathered  to 
Memphis  after  its  occupation  by  the  Union  troops, 
were  thus  employed,  performing  an  amount  of  labor 
which  would  not  have  been  executed  otherwise  ;  and,  at 
the  same  time,  relieving  the  soldiers  of  a  vast  amount 
of  fatigue  in  the  hot  and  sickly  season. 

The  greater  amount  of  fatigue  duty  done  at  that 
place,  during  our  stay,  was  performed  by  the  darkies. 
The  boys  of  our  regiment  labored  on  the  fortifica 
tions  only  three  or  four  days,  at  which  time  it  was  ap 
parently  very  necessary,  as  the  Ecbels  were  threaten 
ing  nu  attack  with  a  heavy  force. 

The  Fortieth  were  on  guard  duty  in  and  around  the 
fort,  but  not  picket  guard  duty.  It  served  as  pro 
vost  guards  for  the  city  three  weeks,  entering  on  that 
duty,  for  the  first  time  in  its  history,  on  the  4th  of 
August,  and  was  relieved  on  the  21st  day  of  the  same 
month. 

Our  headquarters,  while  on  provost  guard,  was  es 
tablished  at  Charleston  depot.  We  remained  in  the 
fort,  doing  garrison  duties,  until  the  25th  of  Septem 
ber,  when  we  again  went  on  provost  guard,  and  were 
again  relieved  on  the  2d  of  October. 

On  the  Gth  of  November,  we  were  placed  on  provost 
duty  fur  the  third  and  last  time.  On  the  13th  of  the 
same  month  we  were  relieved  from  guard  in  the  city, 
and  returned  to  our  old  camp,  where  we  remained  un 
til  we  set  out  on  the  fall  and  winter  campaign. 

On  Friday,  October  25th,  which  was  a  cold  and 
stormy  day,  Col.  Hicks  ordered  the  regiment  into  line, 
when  he  informed  us  that  he  had  just  received  his  dis 
charge  from  the  United  States  service,  and  had  called 
us  together  to  bid  us  farewell.  Although  it  was  an 
honorable  discharge,  on  account  of  disability  caused 
by  his  wound,  he  seemed  to  be  dissatisfied.  He  re- 


110          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

marked  that  he  wished  to  remain  with  the  regiment, 
and,  with  it,  share  its  perils  and  its  honors. 

After  making  a  few  stirring  and  patriotic  remarks, 
one  of  which  was,  "  I  am  now  going  to  leave  yon,  but 
not  to  be  idle  in  the  service  of  our  country,"  he  took 
his  leave  of  the  regiment,  which,  he  often  said,  he 
loved  second  only  to  his  wife  and  children. 

Lieut.  Col.  Boothe  was  then  left  in  command  of  the 
regiment,  to  the  satisfaction  of  all  concerned,  serving 
as  commander  the  remainder  of  the  time  of  our  en 
campment  at  Memphis. 

On  the  24th  of  November,  orders  were  received  to 
be  in  readiness  to  march  on  the  morning  of  the  second 
day. 

Everything  around  assumed  an  air  of  activity,  and, 
to  a  close  observer,  it  would  have  appeared  that  pre 
parations  were  going  on  for  some  great  movement. 

Our  large  Sibley  tents  were  turned  over  to  the  post 
quartermaster,  and  dog  tents,  as  they  are  commonly 
called  by  the  soldiers,  were  drawn  in  their  stead,  which 
we  were  to  carry  while  on  the  march.  All  the  teams 
of  the  regiment,  except  six,  were  turned  in  to  the  post 
quartermaster.  The  soldiers  were  ordered  to  pack  up 
all  their  surplus  clothing  into  boxes,  and  leave  them 
in  the  care  of  the  same  person. 

All  this  being  attended  to,  we  were  again  fully 
equipped  and  ready  for  the  fall  campaign,  in  search  of 
the  foe. 

Relative  to  the  discharge  of  Col.  Stephen  G.  Hicks, 
it  is  thought  prudent  to  insert  here,  that  on  the  13th 
of  October,  1862.  he  was  honorably  dismissed  from 
the  United  States  service,  by  the  War  Department, 
on  account  of  disability  from  the  wound  received  at 
Shiloh,  Tennessee.  When  the  order  relieving  him  from 
his  command  was  received,  he,  with  great  reluctance, 
took  leave  of  the  regiment. 


CAMPAIGN   THROUGH    MISSISSIPPI.  Hi 

He  returned  to  his  home,  but  soon  applied  in  person 
to  the  War  Department  to  be  reinstated,  which  was 
done  on  the  13th  of  December,  1862,  allowing  his 
commission  to  date  back  to  its  old  date.  He  soon 
after  rejoined  his  regiment. 


CHAPTER  X. 

The  campaign  through  Mississippi. 

MEMPHIS,  Tenn.,  Wednesday,  Nov.  26,  1862.  This 
morning,  at  8  o'clock,  we  formed  in  line  ready  to  march 
with  our  knapsacks  on  our  backs  and  all  the  necessary 
equipage  for  an  active  movement,  the  indispensable 
shelter  tent  (which  was  the  only  shelter  we  were  to 
have)  included.  The  entire  strength  of  our  regiment, 
men  able  for  active  service,  was  just  four  hundred  this 
morning.  We  then  went  to  Gen.  Sherman's  headquar 
ters,  where  the  brigade  was  formed  in  proper  order  for 
marching,  when  we  took  up  our  line  of  march  east, 
through  the  city  on  Vance  street,  amid  many  patriotic 
demonstrations  by  the  citizens  for  our  success.  After 
marching  some  six  miles  on  the  Pigeon  Roost  road, 
we  halted  and  encamped  for  the  night. 

Next  morning,  Thursday,  27th,  we  were  called  into 
ranks  at  sunrise,  and,  incumbered  with  our  usual  load, 
we  immediately  proceeded,  making  a  hard  day's  march 
of  nearly  sixteen  miles,  when  we  encamped  on  the  bank 
of  a  nice  little  stream— Coldwater.  This  was  a  pleas 
ant  place  for  an  encampment,  and  the  boys  were  soon 
wrapped  in  slumber,  forgetting  the  fatigues  of  the  day. 

Friday,  Nov.  28th.  Early  this  morning,  we  were 
again  in  line  ready  to  march.  Quite  a  number  of  the 
boys  have  disposed  of  a  goodly  portion  of  their  load, 
by  putting  the  same  in  the  wagons.  Our  line  of  march 


112          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

to-day,  was  through  a  fertile  country.  We  passed  by 
many  good  farms.  Toward  evening  the  country  was 
mure  hilly,  and  more  thinly  settled.  We  encamped  for 
the  night  on  the  east  side  of  Pigeon  Roost  creek. 

Saturday,  Nov.  29th.  We  remained  to-day  in  the 
camp  where  we  stopped  last  night.  A  foraging  train 
was  sent  out  this  morning.  The  boys  got  a  fine  lot  of 
fresh  pork  and  potatoes,  which  was  very  acceptable,  as 
our  rations  had  become  rather  scarce.  The  boys  enjoyed 
themselves  well ;  recovered  from  the  fatigues  of  march 
ing,  they  made  all  the  necessary  preparations  to  renew 
the  march  at  an  early  hour  on  the  morrow. 

Sunday,  Nov.  30th,  1862.  At  the  dawn  of  day  wo 
moved  forward-^our  regiment  wras  in  the  lead.  We 
marched  nearly  seven  miles  when  we  arrived  at  a  small 
village,  Chulahoma,  Miss.,  containing  some  thirty  fam 
ilies,  and  three  churches — Methodist,  Presbyterian  and 
Baptist.  We  arrived  here  at  ten  o'clock,  A.  M.,  stop 
ping  in  town  until  a  suitable  camping  ground  was  se 
lected.  Our  advance  cavalry  scouts  had  a  fight  (slight 
skirmish)  with  some  Rebel  cavalry  at  this  place,  and 
drove  them  some  distance  in  the  direction  of  the  Tal 
lahatchie  river. 

Monday,  Dec.  1,  1862.  Remained  in  our  position. 
The  boys  made  sad  havoc  among  the  hogs,  sheep  and 
poultry.  All  were  engaged  in  drying  their  clothing, 
which  was  wet  in  consequence  of  a  heavy  storm  the 
preceding  night.  A  recounoitering  party  was  sent  out 
that  day  to  ascertain  the  exact  position  and  locality  of 
the  enemy.  The  party  returned  in  the  evening,  and 
reported  the  Rebels  some  ten  miles  distant  on  the  op 
posite  side  of  the  Tallahatchie. 

Tuesday,  Dec.  2d.  At  six  o'clock  we  started  with 
three  days'  rations,  and  marched  nearly  eight  miles, 
when  we  encamped  near  the  Tallahatchie  river.  The 
roads  were  in  a  sad  condition,  owing  to  the  late  rains. 


BUILD    BRIDGE    AND    CKOSS    TALLAHATOHIE.          113 

We  heard  cannonading  to  the  left  or  east,  supposed  to 
be  Gen.  Grant's  forces  shelling  the  Rebel  fortifications  ; 
which  supposition,  subsequently,  proved  to  be  true. 

Wednesday,  Dec.  3d.  We  did  not  march.  A  heavy 
detail  was  employed  building  a  bridge  across  the  Tal- 
lahatchie  river  preparatory  to  crossing.  On  the  4th, 
the  bridge  was  completed  and  was  ready  for  use. 
Quite  a  number  of  the  soldiers  were  arrested  on  that 
day  for  straggling  from  their  respective  commands,  in 
quest  of  pork,  fowls,  etc.  Some  vile  rascals,  supposed 
to  be  soldiers,  violated  the  person  of  a  lady  which 
was  the  cause  of  arresting  all  who  straggled  from  their 
commands. 

Friday,  Dec.  bth.  The  brigade  started  early  in  the 
morning,  but,  owing  to  the  bad  condition  of  the  roads, 
was  obliged  to  move  slowly.  Arrived  at  College  Hill 
about  5  P.  M.  This  is  a  small  village  containing  eight 
or  ten  houses  and  shops,  two  school-houses  and  one 
church.  We  encamped  here  for  the  night. 

Sunday,  Dec.  7th.  We  were  reviewed  that  day  by 
Gen.  Grant.  All  were  allowed  the  privilege  of  at 
tending  divine  service  at  the  Presbyterian  Church. 
A  protracted  meeting  was  held  by  a  co-operation  of  all 
the  chaplains  in  the  division,  which  created  some  re 
ligious  interest  among  the  soldiers  of  the  division  ;  and 
which  is  a  privilege  that  is  too  much  slighted  by  the 
soldiers  generally. 

Monday,  Dec.  8th.  Was  a  beautiful  day,  some  of 
the  boys  visited  their  friends  in  Gen.  Grant's  army, 
which  was  stationed  near  Oxford,  Miss.,  four  or  five 
miles  distant. 

Pretty  extensive  foraging  was  done  here  as  our  ra 
tions  were  somewhat  limited,  and  quartermasters  freely 
engaged  in  this  operation — making  it  an  official  trans 
action. 

Tuesday,  Dec.  9th.  To-day  Major  General  W.  T. 
9 


114         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

Sherman  received  orders  to  return  to  Memphis  with  a 
portion  of  his  command.  Having  been  ordered  to  the 
army  of  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  the  general,  before  leaving 
delivered  a  very  appropriate  farewell  address  to  the 
various  regiments,  which  had  been  called  into  line  of 
review.  When  he  came  to  the  Fortieth  Illinois  Vol 
unteer  Infantry,  he  remarked,  "  This  is  the  Fortieth 
regiment,  I  believe,  to  which  Major  Barnhill  replied 
"  yes,  sir.'"1  He  then  delivered  the  following  appro 
priate  speech. 

"  I  remember  you  well  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  you 
did  all  that  I  could  have  asked  of  you  there,  no  regi 
ment  could  have  done  better,  and  in  my  official  report 
I  spoke  highly  of  you,  and  I  now  thank  you  for  your 
brave  conduct.  I  have  always  had  a  high  regard  ior 
the  Fortieth  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  and 
will  now  say  to  you  that  I  am  truly  proud  of  you;  your 
country  is  proud  of  you,  and  Governor  Yates  is  proud 
of  you.  You  lost  many  of  your  men  at  Shiloh,  and  I 
am  very  sorry  of  it.  I  was  pained  to  learn  that  your 
brave  colonel  was  wounded,  but  am  happy  to  learn 
that  he  is  getting  well.  I  will  say  to  you  again,  I 
thank  you  for  your  courage  and  bravery,  and  your 
good  behavior  as  soldiers.  You  are  not  only  a  brave 
regiment,  but  a  well-behaved  regiment — a  double 
quality  that  all  should  be  proud  of;  and  when  you  go 
home  you  will  make  good  citizens  as  well  as  good  sol 
diers. 

u  I  am  now  going  to  leave  you  for  a  short  time,  but 
we  will  meet  again  in  two  or  three  weeks  at  Jackson, 
or  near  Vicksburg,  Miss. 

"  We  are  going  down  by  water,  you  by  land,  which 
will  sec  the  hardest  time  is  hard  to  tell ;  but  wherever 
we  are  I  will  always  be  proud  to  have  you  under  my 
command.  So,  for  a  short  time,  I  will  say  to  you  all, 
Farewell ! " 


METHOD    OF    FORAGING.  115 

Wednesday,  Dec.  16th.  There  was  but  little  of  special 
interest  occurred  during  the  day.  The  boys  were  gen- 
rally  engaged  making  the  necessary  preparations  to 
inarch.  Morgan  L.  Smith's  division  started  for  Mem 
phis,  Tenn. 

Thursday,  Dec.  llth.  We  were  called  into  line  near 
12  o'clock,  M.,  reat^y  to  march.  Started  at  1  p.  M. 
Marched  west  of  south  some  eight  miles.  Encamped 
for  the  night  on  the  beautiful  streamlet,  Clear  creek. 

Friday,  Dec.  12th.  Early  that  moaning  we  started 
on  our  line  of  march,  destination  unknown  to  us.  After 
marching  some  fifteen  miles  we  halted  for  the  night, 
about  one  mile  from  Otuckalofa  river.  The  pickets 
being  posted  as  usual,  the  soldiers  rested  in  security. 

Saturday,  Dec.  13th.  The  troops  remained  in  the 
same  position  they  occupied  the  preceding  night. 
The  boys  were  engaged  during  the  day  erecting  such 
shelters  as  would  temporarily  shield  them  from  the  in 
clemencies  of  the  weather.  Some  of  the  boys  went  out 
into  the  country  after  forage  of  various  kinds.  They 
were  successful,  and  the  eatables  brought  in  by  them 
were  welcotnely  received,  as  our  rations  were  rather 
limited  at  that  time.  Our  line  of  troops  at  this  place 
extended  nearly  on  a  parallel  from  north  to  south, 
fronting  eastward  toward  the  stream  above  mentioned, 
which  is  designated  on  maps  as  Water  valley;  Otuck 
alofa  being  the  name  given  it  by  the  Indians.  It 
is  known  by  the  latter  name  among  the  citizens  of  the 
vicinity.  This  encampment  was  situated  in  the  south 
east  corner  of  Lafayette  county,  Miss.  We  remained  at 
that  place  some  seven  days;  nothing  of  special  interest 
occurred  during  the  time.  The  time  was  mostly  spent 
by  the  troops  in  the  various  amusements  of  camp  life. 
Foraging  details  being  sent  out  daily,  it  may  be  of 
some  interest  to  the  reader  to  give  a  brief  account  of 
how  the  foraging  parties  that  were  sent  out,  conducted 


116         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

this  department  of  our  military  duties.  The  system 
was  inaugurated  immediately  after  the  confiscation 
policy  was  adopted  by  our  Government.  A  detail  of 
one  man  from  each  mess  was  made  from  the  several 
companies,  to  go  with  the  foraging  teams.  The  teams, 
with  their  numerous  guards  (the  foragers),  would  then 
go  out  among  the  surrounding  plantations,  and  when 
they  had  found  one  well  supplied  with  feed  for  the 
teams,  and  different  articles  suitable  for  soldiers'  use, 
they  would  stop  and  load  the  wagons  with  corn,  fodder, 
etc. ;  when  this  work  was  finished,  all  hands  would 
make  a  general  rally  on  the  hogs,  sweet  potatoes, 
chickens,  turkeys,  or  any  of  the  delicacies  which  could 
be  found  on  the  premises,  When  each  man  had  got 
enough  to  satisfy  the  wants  of  his  mess,  all  would  go 
back  to  camp,  and  have  a  general  feast.  Care  was 
always  taken  to  select  the  best  men  to  "jayhawk"  on 
such  details. 

Sunday,  Dec.  21  s£.  Was  a  beautiful  Sabbath  day, 
and  after  going  through  the  regular  routine  of  military 
performances  in  the  forenoon,  we  were  entertained  with 
a  good  sermon  in  the  evening,  delivered  by  Dr.  Defoe, 
chaplain  of  the  Sixth  Illinois  Cavalry.  We  received 
orders  to  march  at  7  o'clock,  A.  M.,  of  the  next  day. 
All  were  busily  engaged  getting  their  rations,  and 
other  necessaries,  prepared  for  the  march. 

Monday,  Dec.  %2d.  At  daylight  we  were  in  line, 
and  started  on  our  march.  Taking  the  road  we  came, 
we  soon  learned  that  we  were  retracing  our  steps  ;  our 
knapsacks  being  hauled,  we  were  able  to  do  some  good 
marching,  with  tolerable  ease  to  ourselves.  We  reached 
Clear  creek  at  1  o'clock,  P.  M.  After  resting  one  hour, 
and  eating  our  dinners,  on  the  bank  of  this  streamlet, 
we  took  up  our  line  of  march,  and  halted  at  sunset 
on  the  banks  of  Hurricane  creek,  within  two  miles  of 
College  Hill.  The  troops  after  partially  satisfying  their 


CHRISTMAS HOLLY    SPELNGS.  117 

keen  appetites,  laid  themselves  down  to  rest,  which 
they  needed  very  much  after  the  fatiguing  march  of 
the  day. 

Tuesday,  Dec.    23d.     We    were  up  early,    having 
but  little  time  allotted  us  for  the  purpose  of  cooking 
our  breakfast  and  prepare  for  the  fatigues  of  another 
day's   hard  marching.     We  started  early,   and   soon 
passed  College  Hill,  on  the  road  to  Abbeyville,  some 
nine  miles  distant.     Arrived  at  the  latter  place  about 
one  o'clock,  p.  M.,  but  did  not  halt  there.     This  was  a 
town  of  little  note— a  station  on  the  Mississippi  Cen 
tral  Kailroad.     We  marched  on  some  three  miles,  and 
crossed  the  Tallahatchie   river,  at  the  point  that  the 
Eebels  had  fortified.     This  would  have  been  a  very 
good  position,  had  the  Eebels  been  courageous  enough 
to  have  stayed  and  defended  it.     But,  luckily  for  us, 
perhaps,  they  did  not.     This  was  the  point  at  which 
Gen.   Grant   crossed    the  river,  as  we    were    moving 
southward,  having  a   skirmish  with  the  Eebels,  and 
driving  them  back,  before  he  was   able  to  cross  with 
safety. 

We  marched  one  mile  north  of  the  river   and  en 
camped  for  the  night.     We  here  learned  that  the  re 
ceding  march  was  caused  by  the  raid   of  Van  Dorn 
upon   Holly  Springs,   Mississippi,   which  cut  off  our 
supplies  and  railway  communication   for  a  short  time. 
This  was  the  cause  of  the  troops  receiving  such  lim 
ited  rations  at  that  time.     Yet,  our  regiment  as  a  gen 
eral  thing  fared  as  well,  and  even  better  than  other 
regiments,  which  was  attributable,  in  great  measure, 
to  our  brave  and  noble  commander  at  that  time,  Maj. 
E.  8.  Barnhill ;  who  was,  at  all  times,  putting  forth 
his  utmost  endeavors   to  obtain  the  necessaries  of  life 
for  his  men.     He  not  only  merited  the  good  will  and 
thanks  of  the  Fortieth  boys,  but  he  unreservedly  re- 


118          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

ceived  them  ;  as  all  liked  "  Old  Slow  "  for  a  com 
mander. 

Wednesday,  Dec.  2±th.  We  remained  in  the  same 
position.  The  boys  were  variously  engaged.  Troops 
were  passing  from  below,  all  day.  The  railway  trains 
were  running  by  continually,  removing  cotton  from 
Abbeyville,  and  other  stations  below,  to  Grand  Junc 
tion,  Tennessee.  This  was  cotton  that  had  been  con 
fiscated,  and  some  little  that  speculators  had  bought. 

Thursday,  December  25th — Christmas  day — Was  a 
nice  day,  mostly  spent  by  the  boys  in  visiting  friends 
in  the  different  regiments.  Christmas,  in  the  army,  is 
destitute  of  many  of  the  luxuries  and  pleasures  of  the 
day  at  home,  where  a  person  is  surrounded  by  friends 
and  relatives,  in  the  midst  of  plenty  of  the  bounties 
that  our  land  affords.  Yet  we  did  well,  and  made  the 
best  of  the  day  we  could.  Our  division  train  started 
to-day  for  Memphis,  to  bring  up  a  supply  of  rations. 
We  remained  at  this  encampment  until  Monday,  Dec. 
29th,  during  which  time  nothing  of  interest  or  impor 
tance,  worthy  of  record,  occurred. 

Monday,  December  29th.  At  six  o'clock,  A.  M.,  we 
were  again  on  the  road,  destined  for  Holly  Springs, 
marching  tolerably  hard — halted  at  Luinpkiirs  Mill, 
and  took  dinner — after  which,  \ve  soon  marched  six 
miles,  which  brought  us  to  Holly  Springs.  We  en 
camped  north  of  town  for  the  night.  Here  we  re 
ceived  a  large  mail,  which  was  eagerly  seized  and  pe 
rused  ;  being  the  only  mail  of  importance  that  had 
reached  us  since  we  left  Memphis. 

Tuesday,  December  30/A.  Early  that  morning,  our 
regiment  moved  into  town,  and  encamped  in  the  court 
square.  Two  companies  went  on  duty  as  provost 
guards  cf  the  place.  This  was  once  a  beautiful  in 
land  town.  But  it  was  not  then.  Van  Dorn,  at  the 
time  he  made  the  raid,  burned  most  of  the  finest  build- 


KETUKN"    OF    OFFICERS.  119 

ings ;  and  the  Union  troops  had  badly  marred  the  re 
mainder.  The  boys  were  busy  writing  to  their  home 
friends;  although  the  supply  of  paper  was  limited. 

Wednesday,  December  31st.  We  were  mustered  for 
pay  early  in  the  morning,  by  the  major  of  the  Twelfth 
Indiana.  Our  regiment  still  performing  provost  duty. 
Thursday,  Jan.  1,  1863.  That  New  Year's  Day  was 
passed  as  all  other  days.  The  dull  monotony  of  camp 
life  predominating,  instead  of  having  something  extra 
and  nice  to  eat  that  day,  and  a  good  time  in  general, 
we  were  obliged  to  be  satisfied  on  half  rations,  and  a 
good  time  only  upon  a  limited  scale.  The  negroes  of 
the  vicinity  had  quite  a  "  fandango  "  on  that  night. 
It  was  but  one  of  a  series,  that  continued  over  a  week. 
The  Yankee  soldiers  did  not  participate. 

Friday,  Jan.  2d.  Nothing  of  importance  occurred, 
except  that  we  drew  some  clothing,  which  was  very 
acceptable,  at  that  time,  as  it  was  needed  for  the  im 
provement  of  our  appearance  as  soldiers.  Col.  Stephen 
G.  Hicks  and  Lieut.  Col.  J.  W.  Boothe  rejoined  us 
that  day.  They  were  received  with  the  respect  due 
such  praiseworthy  officers. 

It  will  be  remembered,  that  owing  to  Lieut.  Col. 
Boothe's  ill  health,  he  was  not  able  to  undergo  the 
toils  of  the  campaign,  and  was  left  at  Memphis.  His 
health  continued  quite  poor ;  but  he  wished  to  be  with 
the  Fortieth,  and  here  joined  it  again— glad  to  see  the 
boys  doing  so  well. 

The  sutler  came  in  with  a  full  supply  Of  goods, 
which  the  boys  were  eager  to  purchase. 

Sunday,  Jan.  ±th.  We  were  relieved  of  duty  as 
provost  guard,  and  formed  in  line,  when  we,  according 
to  the  order  of  Maj.  Barnhill,  presented  arms  to  Col. 
Hicks,  who  delivered  us  one  of  his  excellent,  though 
short,  speeches,  in  return.  We  were  then  marched 


120          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTKY. 

out  of  town,  to  our  former  place  of  encampment — 
there  to  rest  until  further  orders. 

Monday,  Jan.  6th.  There  was  a  detail  of  twenty 
men  from  our  regiment  sent  to  the  mill,  where  they 
shelled  corn  all  day,  and,  in  return  for  their  labor,  re 
ceived  plenty  of  corn-meal  as  rations.  Laughrnan's 
division  arrived  from  the  Tallahatchie,  in  the  evening. 
At  roll  call,  we  received  orders  to  march  at  eight 
o'clock,  A.  M.,  on  the  morrow. 

Tuesday,  Jan.  Qth.  At  the  appointed  hour  that 
morning,  we  marched.  It  was  a  bad  day  for  march 
ing — cold,  and  wet,  and  the  roads  slippery.  We 
marched  fifteen  miles,  over  a  broken  or  hilly  country, 
and  camped  near  a  dilapidated  village — Salem — a 
poor  excuse  for  a  village  it  was  at  that  time,  too.  That 
night  was  the  coldest  we  had  passed  during  the  whole 
winter. 

Wednesday,  Jan.  ^th.  We  were  up  and  started  at 
eight  o'clock,  A.  M.,  marching  finely  until  the  sun,  get 
ting  high  up  in  the  heavens,  thawed  the  frozen  earth, 
which  made  the  roads  very  slippery.  We  came  into 
Wolf  river  bottoms  about  noon,  and  had  a  consider 
able  portion  of  the  road  to  repair,  before  the  artillery 
was  able  to  cross  ;  after  which,  we  encamped  on  the 
side  of  that  stream,  near  by  a  high  hill. 

Thursday,  Jan.  Sth.  This  was  a  rainy,  unpleasant 
day.  We  remained  at  the  same  place,  while  the 
teams  were  sent  out  after  forage. 

Friday,  Jan.  9th.  At  eight  o'clock,  A.  M.,  we 
marched  for  Davis'  Mills,  situated  on  the  Mississippi 
Central  Eailroad,  five  miles  south  of  Grand  Junction, 
Tennessee.  Here  we  encamped  near  the  railroad.  All 
the  troops  left  soon  after  our  arrival,  except  the  25th 
Indiana,  which  remained  a  few  days. 

Saturday,  Jan.  10th.  We  were  tolerably  well  situ 
ated,  and  were  glad  to  locate  any  place  where  we 


ADIXRESS    OF   COLONEL   HICKS.  121 

might  enjoy  a  season  of  rest.  The  railway  trains 
were  continually  passing,  bringing  stores  of  various 
kinds  from  Holly  Springs.  Mississippi.  Everything 
was  being  moved  from  below,  as  rapidly  as  possible, 
to  points  more  secure  from  guerrillas,  or  Eebels  of 
any  dye.  Large  quantities  of  cotton  were,  also,  being 
shipped  from  more  southern  depots  to  the  market  at 
Memphis. 

Sunday,  Jan.  llth.  This  was  a  pleasant  day  ;  one 
which  might  have  been  spent  very  agreeably  with 
kind  friends  in  the  happy  walks  of  civil  life. 

We  were  favored  with  an  able  sermon  by  our  chap 
lain,  K.  H.  Massey,  in  the  afternoon.  After  divine 
service,  Col.  Hicks  delivered  a  very  interesting  ad 
dress,  containing  much  good  advice,  to  "  the  noble 
Suckers,"  as  follows  : 

"  MY  GOOD  BOYS. — I  am  proud  that  I  have  the  op 
portunity  of  seeing  you  all  together  once  more.  I 
have  been  absent  from  you  for  some  time,  which  I  as 
sure  you  was  painful  to  me.  I  have  no  doubt  but 
many  of  you — perhaps,  all  of  you — were  aware  of  my 
condition.  It  was  not  my  fault  that  I  was  not  with 
you  for  so  long  a  time.  For  awhile,  I  was  unable  to 
receive  letters  that  were  addressed  to  me,  or  to  pay  any 
attention  to  those  who  came  in  to  give  us  thanks  for 
the  manner  in  which  we  conducted  ourselves  upon  the 
field  of  battle  ;  and,  finally,  the  physicians  suffered  no 
one  to  enter  my  room,  except  those  who  were  my  at 
tendants.  I  could  not  b  e  with  you.  I  was  at  home; 
and,  while  unable  to  turn  in  my  bed  on  account  of  my 
wound,  I  could  hear  from  you  often,  as  you  were  ad 
vancing  on  Corinth.  It  was  painful  to  me  that  I 
could  not  be  with  you  ;  but  I  felt  for  you— my  prayers 
were  in  your  behalf  daily  and  hourly.  I  am  now  well 
of  my  wound,  and  am  proud  of  the  opportunity  that 


122          FOKTIETH  ILLINOIS  VOLUNTEER   INFAKTBY. 

I  have  of  taking  charge  of  yon  again.  I  arn  glad  to 
see  you  in  as  good  condition  as  you  are.  You  have 
undergone  a  great  many  hardships  during  my  absence. 
You  have  done  well,  and  you  are  a  well-behaved  re 
giment  ;  but,  there  is  one  thing,  my  good  boys,  I  wish 
to  impress  upon  your  minds,  in  regard  to  attending 
church.  I  expected  to  see  nearly  the  whole  regiment 
at  church  this  evening ;  but,  to  my  astonishment, 
there  were  scarcely  twelve  persons  present. 

Now,  I  know  you  can  take  time,  if  you  will,  to 
listen  to  a  short  sermon,  of  only  thirty  minutes  length, 
once  per  week.  If  you  do  not  wish  to  come  out  to 
church  for  your  own  good,  have  respect  enough  for 
the  chaplain  to  come  and  hear  him.  You  ought  to 
be  glad  to  have  the  chance  of  hearing  a  sermon  occa 
sionally,  and  it  is  the  chaplain's  positive  duty  to 
preach  to  you  when  it  is  convenient  to  do  so. 

"  He  is  paid,  by  the  Government,  to  perform  his 
duty  as  a  chaplain,  the  same  as  other  officers  in  the 
regiment  are  paid  to  perform  their  duties,  in  their  re 
spective  places.  It  is  your  duty  to  come  and  hear  him 
preach  ;  to  respect  him  as  your  chaplain,  the  same  as 
you  once  did  the  minister  of  the  gospel  at  home. 
Look  at  your  condition  and  ask  yourselves,  if  you 
would  follow  the  same  course  at  home,  that  you  do 
here?  Ask  yourselves,  if  you  would  neglect  to  at 
tend  church,  if  you  were  at  home,  among  your  dear 
friends  and  youthful  associates  ? 

u  There  is  another  thing  that  I  ask  of  you,  my  good 
boys — do  not  leave  the  ranks,  on  the  march,  for  the 
sake  of  plundering  and  breaking  into  houses,  burning 
wromen  and  children  out  of  house  and  home,  killing 
stock,  and  burning  down  the  fencing,  that  protects  the 
farms,  to  destroy  them. 

"  Uncle  Sam  furnishes  us  enough  to  eat,  without 
killing  stock  along  the  road.  You  should  remember, 


ADDKESS    OF   COLONEL   HICKS. 

these  farms  are  all  to  be  cultivated,  and  may  assist  in 
augmenting  our  national  wealth,  when  this  cruel  Be- 
bellion  is  crushed.  How  would  your  friends  feel,  at 
home,  who  are  offering  up  their  prayers,  daily  and 
hourly,  in  your  behalf,  if  they  were  to  hear  that  you 
did  such  work  as  this  ? 

"  You  were  all  good  citizens  at  home — were  well- 
behaved  men.  You  have  left  your  homes — separated 
yourselves  from  your  wives  and  children,  fathers  and 
mothers — to  defend  your  country.  You  have  nobly 
offered  your  lives  for  sacrifice,  if  necessary  ;  you  are 
ready  to  give  up  your  all  for  the  preservation  of  our 
good  Government,  and,  while  you  are  thus  striving 
to  do  your  duty,  do  not  dishonor  yourselves.  Conduct 
yourselves  in  such  a  manner,  that  it  may  be  an  honor 
to  you  after  you  get  home — that  you  may  tell  your 
friends  that  you  acted  the  part  of  good  soldiers,  and 
that  you  were  good,  moral  men  while  in  the  glorious 
Union  Army.  I  claim  only  to  be  moral,  and  urge  but 
this  on  you. 

"But  this  much  I  beg  of  you — be  moral  men,  do 
what  good  men  should  do,  and,  when  you  go  home, 
you  can  meet  your  friends  with  a  clear  conscience,  and 
those  of  you  who  have  wives  can  embrace  them,  and 
can  say  to  them,  here  are  hands  as  clean  as  on  the 
day  of  our  separation. 

"I  ask  you,  again,  my  good  hoys,  to  make  use  of 
no  kind  of  language  here,  you  would  not  use  at  home. 
Let  each  company  try  to  see  which  can  conduct  itself 
the  best.  Associate  with  no  one  who  uses  profane  or 
indecent  language.  Each  mess  should  endeavor  to 
excel  the  others  ;  and,  when  you  hear  any  one  of  the 
mess  speak  bad  words,  just  mark  him  for  the  "  black 
sheep,"  of  that  mess.  Act,  while  in  camp,  as  men 
having  good  moral  principles ;  and,  when  you  meet 
our  enemies,  fight  like  men  ;  kill  all  you  can  ;  but,  if 


FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

you  can  take  a  man  without  killing  him,  mqke  him 
your  prisoner.  Fight  them,  as  you  have  fought  them. 
I  have  not  forgotten  how  you  fought  at  SIIILOH. 

"Our  State  is  proud  of  you!  Governor  Yates  is 
proud  of  you  !  General  Sherman,  in  his  report  of  the 
battle  of  ShiloJi  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  at  Washing 
ton,  gave  you  praise  above  any  other  regiment  in  his 
command.  When  we  meet  our  enemies  again,  I  know 
you  will  not  dishonor  yourselves  through  any  act  of 
cowardice.  We  will  fight  our  number  any  place. 

•  "  I  am  proud  that  I  have  command  of  the  Fortieth 
Illinois — the  best  regiment  from  the  State.  All  the 
Illinois  regiments  have  distinguished  themselves,  but 
the  Fortieth  is  the  one  I  love." 

Monday,  Jan.  12th.  This  was  a  pleasant  day.  No 
thing  of  interest  occurring  until  evening,  when  a  fa 
tigue  detail  was  ordered  out,  and  soon  built  quite  a 
fort  of  cotton  bales,  for  an  attack  was  expected,  on  the 
morrow,  by  the  Rebels. 

Tuesday,  Jan.  13th.  The  reports  of  the  previous 
evening  relating  to  the  probability  of  an  attack  proved 
to  be  entirely  false,  as  such  reports  generally  are.  As 
we  had  received  a  regular  mail,  many  of  the  soldiers 
were  engaged  writing  to  their  beloved  friends  and  rela 
tives  in  return  for  letters  from  home. 

Wednesday,  Jan.  llth.  Was  a  very  disagreeable 
day,  raining  nearly  all  day.  Those  who  were  out  with 
the  wagons  after  forage,  came  in  very  wet.  Yet  they 
were  out  soldiering  and  did  not  care  for  trifles. 

Thursday,  Jan.  15th. — The  weather  continued  very 
disagreeable.  Snow  fell  about  six  inches  deep,  and, 
as  the  ground  was  muddy  from  the  previous  rains,  it 
was  difficult  to  get  about  with  dry  feet,  which  all  sol 
diers  ,  and  other  sensible  persons,  know  is  very  neces 
sary  in  order  to  preserve  health.  The  boys  learned,  by 


MILL.  125 

sad  experience,  that  the  small  shelter  tent,  or,  as  we 
most  frequently  called  them,  the  dog  tent,  would  not 
afford  much  protection  from  a  snow  storm.  This  was 
the  only  kind  of  tent  we  had  at  that  time. 

Friday,  Jan.  16th.  The  Twenty-Fifth  Indiana  Keg- 
iment  was  packing  up  all  their  things  and  preparing 
to  march  the  next  day. 

/Saturday,  Jan.  17th.  That  day  the  Twenty-Fifth 
Indiana  started  for  Memphis,  and  our  regiment  moved 
down  on  the  railroad  near  the  mill,  and  occupied  the 
ground  vacated  by  the  Twenty-Fifth  Indiana.  We 
soon  fixed,  for  ourselves,  quite  comfortable  "  she 
bangs,"  out  of  the  lumber  and  building  material  which 
the  other  boys  had  left.  We  had  then  quite  a  conven 
ient  encampment  and  enjoyed  a  good  night's  rest,  al 
though  the  weather  was  very  cool. 

Sunday,  Jan.  18th.  The  boys  were  engaged  in  im 
proving  their  shanties,  some  building  small  chimneys, 
and  adding  many  valuable  conveniences.  A  car  load 
of  provisions  was  brought  down  during  the  night.  As 
our  encampment  was  a  portion  of  land  almost  sur 
rounded  by  water,  and,  when  the  streams  were  up 
(Wolf  river  on  one  side  and  a  small  creek  on  the  other), 
wagons  and  teams  could  not  cross,  we  were  compelled 
to  convey  our  rations  from  the  commissary  at  La 
Grange,  over  the  railroad,  on  different  kinds  of  cars, 
drawn  by  horse,  hand  or  steam  power. 

A  small  engine  that  had  been  used  in  sawing  wood 
was  rigged  upon  trucks,  in  such  a  manner  as  to  serve 
in  drawing  cars  to  and  from  La  Grange.  It  was  chris 
tened  the  Flying  Yankee. 

Monday,  19th.  Weather  continued  unfavorable ; 
making  it  necessary  for  us  to  remain  closely  housed 
in  our  "  shebangs,"  to  avoid  being  drenched  with  rain. 

Those  who  were  so  unfortunate  as  to  be  on  guard 
duty,  such  unpleasant  days,  were  compelled  to  endure 


126          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

the  exposure.  Yet,  every  good  and  obedient  soldier 
did  it  without  a  murmur. 

Some  would  express  their  willingness  to  endure  all 
by  saying,  u  Our  fathers  of  '76  endured  more  than  this 
for  the  cause  of  freedom  from  the  British  yoke  of 
tyranny,  and  why  should  we  complain  ?" 

Wednesday,  January  2Sf/i.  The  regiment  received 
of  Paymaster  Major  Akinson  pay  for  two  months'  ser 
vice. 

Captains  More  and  Hopkins  having  resigned,  started 
for  their  respective  homes. 

There  were  heavy  details  at  work  daily  on  the  fort 
which  the  Twenty-fifth  Indiana  had  commenced,  com 
pleting  and  strengthening  it,  and  preparing  for  a  ru 
mored  attack  by  the  guerrillas. 

During  the  remaining  part  of  our  stay  at  Davis' 
Mills  it  was  supposed  an  attack  might  be  made  by  the 
enemy  at  any  time  ;  accordingly,  we  were  kept  quite 
busy,  laboring  on  the  works  and  keepiug  out  a  strong 
picket. 

But  the  rebels  did  not  interrupt  us,  thereby  saving 
themselves  from  a  sorry  defeat. 

Nothing  unusual  occurred  until  the  20th  of  March, 
when  we  received  of  Major  Calk,  paymaster,  two 
months'  wages. 

Many  of  the  boys  purchased  books,  which  they  pe 
rused  while  so  comfortably  situated  in  camp. 

In  fair  weather  they  would  play  ball,  and  other  in 
nocent  and  amusing  games,  exercises  needed  to  pro 
mote  their  physical  health. 

March  27th.  The  regiment  moved  across  the  rail 
road,  inside  the  fortifications,  having  built  some  very 
nice  and  convenient  quarters  out  of  lumber  which  we 
had  sawed  for  that  purpose  on  the  mill. 

Our  quarters  had  the  appearance  of  a  country  vil 
lage,  arranged  in  a  neat  and  tasteful  manner. 


MAKCII    THROUGH    MISSISSIPPI.  127 

In  those  barracks,  we  had  our  writing  desks,  dining 
tables,  and  bunks,  all  conveniently  and  beautifully  ar 
ranged  in  a  style  that  made  us  feel  as  if  we  were  living 
at  home. 

April  6t7i.  Being  the  first  anniversary  of  the  great 
battle  of  Shiloh,  Tennessee,  in  which  we  were  engaged, 
and  where  we  lost  so  many  of  our  brave  and  gallant 
fellow-soldiers,  the  commanding  general  ordered  a 
national  salute  to  be  fired  at  the  several  posts  of  his 
command. 

Accordingly,  the  colonel  called  the  Fortieth  into 
line,  and  they  fired  by  companies,  alternating  with  the 
artillery,  thirty -four  rounds.  After  which,  Col.  Hicks 
made  one  of  his  best  speeches,  telling  the  boys  of  their 
brave  conduct  one  year  ago,  and  urging  them  to  be 
vigilant  now,  as  there  were  signs  of  a  chance  to  repeat 
their  gallant  conduct. 


CHAPTER  XI. 

March  through   Mississippi,  commencing  April  17,  1863. 

THAT  morn,  the  lovely  spring  sun  arose  brightly  in 
the  calm  eastern  horizon,  and  the  balmy  breezes  of 
April,  in  the  southern  climate,  wafted  gently  past, 
making  all  things  wear  the  pleasant  aspect  of  joyous 
spring.  'Twas,  indeed,  a  busy  morning  in  the  camps 
of  the  old  Fortieth,  at  Davis'  Mills,  as  all  were  gather 
ing  up  their  soldier  traps,  preparatory  to  starting  on  a 
inarch,  which  was  evidently  to  be  in  a  southerly  di 
rection,  as,  at  dawn,  a  heavy  fatigue  detail  was  sent 
on  the  railroad  south,  to  make  some  necessary  repairs. 

Our  camp  equipage  entire  was  loaded  on  the  wagons, 
and  they  were  ordered  to  remove  them  to  La  Grange, 
where  they  were  to  remain  until  further  ins  true- 


128          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

tions.  All  things  were  then  ready,  and  the  sol 
diers  of  the  Fortieth  were  anxious  for  the  order,  "  for 
ward,"  notwithstanding  all  seemed  to  regret  leaving 
their  new  and  comfortable  "  shebangs"  At  one  o'clock 
p.  M.  a  large  mail  came  for  us,  which  very  much  cheered 
the  boys'  spirits,  as  such  choice  visitations  always  do. 
At  half  past  one  o'clock,  three  large  trains  of  cars  arrived 
with  the  following  troops  on  board,  viz :  The  Sixth 
Iowa  Infantry,  the  Forty-sixth  Ohio  Infantry,  a  part 
of  the  Ninty-ninth  Indiana  Infantry,  and  a  part  of  the 
Hundred-and-Third  Illinois  Infantry,  with  four  pieces 
of  artillery,  belonging  to  Dresser's  Battery,  and  two 
pieces  of  Chenege's  Battery,  with  our  (Fortieth)  regi 
ment  ;  the  entire  force  amounted  to  two  thousand  men. 
The  trains  all  stopped  a  short  time,  and  our  regiment 
went  on  board  the  hindmost  train,  which  was  drawn 
by  the  engine  u  Iowa."  We  were  placed  on  top  and 
inside  of  the  box  cars.  This  expedition  was  com 
manded  by  Brig.  Gen.  Smith,  under  whose  command 
we  had  never  marched  before.  Col.  S.  G.  Hicks  was 
second  in  command.  At  1.50  p.  M.  we  started  down 
the  Mississippi  Central  road  toward  Holly  Springs, 
which  lies  in  a  southwest  direction  ;  the  train  ran  quite 
slowly.  After  we  passed  over  two  miles,  there  is  a 
beautiful  orchard  on  the  left  hand  of  the  road.  The 
road  lies  through  a  valley  in  which  there  are  many 
fine  farms,  and  beautiful  fields  of  grain.  The  weather 
was  quite  pleasant,  and  all  are  admiring  the  pleasant 
manner  of  marching  against  the  enemy. 

At  4.20  P.  M.,  came  to  a  small  dilapidated  town  and 
railroad  station,  called  Lamar,  which  is  four  miles 
from  Davis'  Mills,  and  is  situated  on  the  left  hand  of 
the  railroad.  There  arc  quite  a  number  of  small  block 
houses  on  the  road  through  here.  The  trains  ran  quite 
slowly  and  carefully,  as  the  road  was  not  very  safe,  and 
we  had  to  stop  often  to  remove  obstructions  from  the 


MARCH    TO   HOLLY    SPRINGS.  129 

track.  At  sundown,  we  passed  through  a  deep  cut  and 
turned  to  the  left  when  we  came  into  a  valley  where 
there  was  a  deep  ravine.  Here  two  spans  of  the 
bridge  were  washed  away,  and  the  trains  were  com 
pelled  to  stop.  We  all  got  off  the  cars,  and,  with  the 
assistance  of  some  men  and  officers  of  the  engineers, 
proceeded  to  repair  the  breach  in  the  railroad,  which 
was  soon  completed ;  but  darkness  prevented  us  from 
proceeding  farther  that  night,  and  all  sought  rest 
where  best  they  could. 

April  ISth.  At  4.10  A.  M.,  the  engines  had  steam 
up  and  we  again  moved  slowly  forward.  The  weather 
wras  cool  and  pleasant  that  morning.  Roads  continued 
to  run  in  a  south-western  direction.  Cross  some  deep 
ravines.  Fine  valleys  and  pretty  farms,  with  extensive 
grain  fields.  We  pass  a  small  station-house  at  sun 
rise,  and  are  within  one  mile  of  the  Cold  water  bridge, 
when  the  front  engine  run  off  the  track  and  all  stopped. 
Here,  learning  that  the  bridge  across  Coldwater  had 
washed  away,  we  prepared  to  proceed  on  foot.  We 
got  off  the  cars  close  to  a  house  on  the  right  of  the 
railroad,  and  a  fine  Methodist  Church  on  the  left.  We 
had  started  with  only  two  days'  rations  in  haversacks, 
and,  on  leaving  the  train,  filled  them  up  with  crackers, 
not  having  transportation  to  carry  any  rations. 

At  9.30  we  arrived  at  Coldwater,  where  we  had  pre 
viously  camped  in  the  summer  of  1862,  four  miles 
from  Holly  Springs.  The  road  is  directly  south  from 
that  place.  We  marched  pretty  fast  which  brought 
the  sweat  quite  freely,  yet  the  boys  were  in  spirits. 
When  we  marched  three  miles,  we  came  to  the  rail 
road  again.  Here  were  some  neat  little  block  houses 
erected  for  the  protection  of  the  road  last  winter,  when 
our  troops  occupied  that  place. 

At  one  o'clock  P.M.,  we  passed  through  the  town  and 
viewed  what  is  left  of  old  Holly  Springs,  once  such  a 


130         FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

beautiful  village.  When  we  came  into  the  principal 
part  of  the  town,  the  line  was  wheeled  into  column  of 
companies,  the  stars  and  stripes  flung  out  to  the  breeze, 
and  our  band  struck  up  some  national  air  ;  and,  in  that 
position,  we  proudly  marched  through  that  treacherous 
hole,  that  we  had  been  called  upon  to  visit  so  often 
during  our  sojourn  in  Dixie.  We  marched  out  one 
mile  on  the  Waterford  road  and  halted  at  1.30  P.  M.,  to 
rest  a  short  time  and  eat  a  bite.  Proceeded  at  2.30  P. 
M.,  sun  quite  warm,  marched  eight  miles  that  after 
noon,  and  camped  at  sundown,  close  to  Lumpkin's 
Mills.  The  direction  of  travel,  all  afternoon,  was 
south.  We  bivouacked  on  the  hill,  but  had  no  tents. 

Commenced  raining  at  ten  o'clock  in  perfect  tor 
rents — some  of  the  boys  made  their  bed  on  the  top  of 
a  brush  pile,  others  on  logs,  etc. 

April  9th.  Early  that  morning  all  got  up — some 
had  hats,  but  others,  more  unfortunate,  had  theirs 
blown  away  ;  all  our  blankets  were  very  wet,  and  so 
heavy,  they  made  quite  a  load  for  us,  as  we  had  no 
means  of  transportation. 

At  sunrise  all  were  in  line  and  fired  off  all  the  arms, 
as  they  were  loaded  and  wet.  We  then  marched  in  a 
southerly  direction  one  mile  and  came  to  Waterford. 
The  mud  was  very  deep  ;  marching  difficult  and  labor 
ious,  especially  as  our  blankets  were  a  perfect  load. 
Here  had  been  an  extensive  encampment  of  our  troops 
of  last  winters'  campaign.  We  now  changed  our  di 
rection  and  traveled  southwest,  leaving  the  Talla- 
hatchie  road.  The  country  was  rough  and  hilly  ;  we 
inarched  quite  fast  and  steady,  which  very  much  fa 
tigued  us.  Our  regiment  marched  in  front  that  day, 
and  at  ten  A.  M.,  Companies  E  and  D,  were  ordered  to 
the  front  for  skirmish  guards,  to  relieve  Companies  II 
and  B,  which  had  been  performing  that  duty.  At 
eleven  o'clock,  those  companies  reached  their  posi- 


SKIRMISH    AT    WYOTT.  131 

tion  in  front.  The  skirmishers  had  fired  a  few  shots  at 
some  cavalry  on  a  hill,  when  two  pieces  of  artillery 
were  forwarded  to  them  on  double  quick,  and  the  artil 
lery  commander  shouted  "  cannoneers,  to  your  posts." 

In  a  moment,  the  artillery  was  in  position  on  a  hill, 
and  in  the  yard  of  a  fine  little  cottage  house  where  two 
fair  belles  stood  on  the  porch  and  witnessed  the  "Yan 
kees  "  prepare  for  battle.  The  wildest  excitement  pre 
vailed,  for  the  soldiers  were  all  ready  to  give  the  Kebs 
"  Hail  Columbia."  Capt.  Bouton,  who  was  command 
er  of  the  artillery,  got  the  range  of  the  guns  and 
loaded  them  with  shell  himself.  Then,  boom,  boom, 
went  the  cannon  which  made  things  ring  !  Our  reg 
iment  now  came  up  and  formed  on  the  road  all  eager 
for  the  fight. 

Our  good  old  banner  was  covered  with  its  oil  cloth 
case,  but  now,  as  there  was  a  chance  of  seeing  our 
traitorous  foe,  it  was  best  to  display  our  colors.  The 
boys  shouted  to  the  color-bearer,  "  Sam,  for  God's  sake 
pull  that  oil  cloth  cover  off  the  flag,  and  let  the  old 
star  spangled  banner  wave !  "  The  dear  old  banner 
was  flung  out,  and  right  there  the  old  Fortieth  would 
have  gone  into  a  desperate  fight  willingly  had  the  Eebs 
stood  fire.  But  four  shells  from  our  good  artillery 
dispersed  the  small  squad  of  cavalry,  and  all  was  over. 
Gen.  Smith  and  aid-de-camp  ordered  the  firing  of  those 
guns,  and  showed  considerable  signs  of  excitement, 
when  the  long  and  cool-headed  Gen.  William  S.  Smith 
rode  up,  and  spoke  thus — u  Stop  this  damned  confu 
sion,  1  command  this  concern."  We  then  changed  our 
direction  by  filing  left  and  inarching  directly  south. 
We  afterward  learned  that  this  was  a  squad  of  Gen. 
Chalmers'  force,  and  that  our  shells  killed  two  of  them, 
and  wounded  some.  In  this  hurried  scene  of  double- 
quicking  in  the  noon-day  heat,  many  were  compelled 
to  throw  away  their  blankets,  as  they  were  wet  and 


132         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

heavy,  and  were  quite  an  incumbrance,  although  much 
needed  at  night,  for  it  mattered  not  how  hot  it  was  in 
the  daytime  in  that  country  the  nighc  air  was  quite 
cool.  We  marched  very  hard,  having  but  few  and 
short  rests.  Keeping  skirmishers  constantly  in  posi 
tion,  showed  with  what  t  discretion  and  precaution  the 
general  made  his  movements  against  the  enemy.  Very 
warm  during  afternoon — the  sweat  ran  freely,  and  we 
felt  confident  we  were  earning  our  greenbacks  and. 
postage  currency.  Continued  marching  south.  .  About 
4  o'clock,  r.  M.,  we  passed  the  place  near  the  Talla- 
hatchie  where  we  were  encamped  last  fall,  on  our  cam 
paign  through  Mississippi,  At  five  oclock  we  arrived 
at  Wyott,  which  is  a  small  dilapidated  village  on  the 
bank  of  the  Tallahatchie,  where  our  (Gen.  Sherman's) 
corps  crossed  last  winter.  When  the  advance  guards 
came  to  the  bank  of  the  river,  they  saw  an  old  fellow, 
in  a  canoe,  crossing  from  the  opposite  side.  They 
first  thought  he  might  come  over,  and  then,  if  he  was 
a  Confed,  they  could  easily  capture  him,  but  he  got 
sight  of  the  blue  coat  Federals,  arid  turned  his  boat 
about.  The  boys  commenced  firing  at  him.  Colonel 
Hicks  rode  up  and  ordered  them  to  stop  fooling  away 
the  ammunition  at  him ;  then  they  told  the  colonel 
that  there  were  others  there,  when  he  ordered  to  "  take 
good  aim  and  give 'em  hell."  At  this  five  or  six  of  the 
boys  ran  down  the  hill  close  to  the  ford  and  commenced 
firing  in  earnest.  General  Smith  then  rode  up  to  our 
fellows,  and  said,  u  My  good  boys,  why  don't  you  try 
to  shelter  yourselves  ?  get  behind  trees — the  Rebs 
thought  it  best  to  get  away  from  there — so  they  left  on 
double  quick.  Some  of  the  boys  pulled  off  their  clothes, 
swam  across  and  found  it  was  a  regular  picket  post. 
They  captured  all  the  grub  and  ;traps  of  the  Eeb  camp, 
consisting  of  the  following  articles,  one  big  side  of 
bacon,  two  bushels  of  corn  meal,  some  pans,  skillets, 
canteens,  etc.,  etc. 


CAMP    NEAR    TALLAHATCHIE    RIVER.  133 

There  our  entire  force  stopped  for  a  short  rest,  and 
to  get  water.  Soon  after  we  stacked  arms  the  old  Sixth 
Iowa  came  up,  which  is  a  great  friend  of  the  old  For 
tieth,  and  made  this  inquiry,  "  Where  is  the  roaring 
old  Fortieth  gone  to  ?"  After  remaining  there  some 
time,  and  being  very  much  refreshed,  we  again  started 
and  marched  about  one  mile  west,  when  we  took  a  very 
commanding  position  on  a  hill  and  camped,  just  at 
dark.  We  were  quite  weary,  and  were  glad  to  get 
orders  to  stack  arms  and  lie  down,  taking  up  our 
bedroom  in  rear  of  our  stack  of  guns.  We  could  not 
muster  many  blankets,  for  as  the  boys  said,  we  turned 
them  over  in  a  hurry.  It  was  rather  cool  sleeping 
without  them,  but  when  a  soldier  is  tired  he  can  sleep 
any  where,  and  if  he  is  real  hungry  he  can  eat  almost 
anything — even  if  he  steals  it  from  a  contraband.  Our 
two  days'  rations  were  about  exhausted,  without  any 
prospect  of  more  for  a  while — but  we  flattered  our 
selves  that  our  haversacks  would  not  be  heavy  to  carry 
the  next  day. 

All  the  officers  were  ordered  to  visit  the  general  at 
his  headquarters,  where  he  told  them  of  his  intended 
operations.  At  3.30  p.  M.  the  bugles  sounded  for  all 
to  get  ready  for  a  hard  day's  inarch,  which  was  before 
them.  We  took  up  our  beds,  which  was  not  a  verv 
hard  task,  and  prepared  our  scanty  morning  meal. 
We  then  filled  our  canteens  with  a  fresh  supply  of 
good  cool  water  ;  when  all  were  ready  for  the  labori 
ous  task  before  them,  and,  in  the  best  of  spirits,  were 
willing  to  proceed  ;  for  the  general  told  us  that  he 
wished  us  to  march  as  far  as  we  possibly  could,  as  he 
desired  to  operate,  in  conjunction  with  a  force  from 
Memphis,  against  a  rebel  squad,  some  where  in  that 
region.  Accordingly,  at  4.30  A.  M.,  with  colors  flying 
and  music  beating,  our  column  moved  out,  while  all 


134:          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

the  boys  kept  np  a  continued  series  of  shouts  "and 
hurras. 

If  an  old  soldier  is  hungry  and  foot-sore,  and  nearly 
played  out,  just  fling  out  the  good  old  stars  and  stripes, 
and  have  the  band  strike  up  "  The  Girl  I  left  behind 
me,"  or  the  "  Star  Spangled  Banner,"  it  arouses  his 
spirits,  if  there  is  one  spark  in  him,  and  makes  him 
march  lightly  and  proudly  along.  We  marched  all 
day  in  a  southwest  direction,  over  a  hilly  country,  and 
reached  a  point,  supposed  nearly  twenty  miles  distant. 

The  weather  was  fine,  and  marching  was  thereby 
rendered  quite  pleasant.  Our  rations  were  by  this 
time  completely  exhausted,  and  we  began  to  feel  quite 
hungry,  and,  as  the  hungry  man  has  but  little  con 
science,  we  began  to  search  every  smoke-house  along 
the  way,  and  take  therefrom  anything  that  would  sat 
isfy  the  craving  appetite.  But  the  difficulty  was  that 
•we  could  not  procure  bread  or  anything  of  the  kind, 
and  were  obliged  to  eat  meat  alone.  At  dark  we 
camped  in  a  grove  of  timber,  in  a  beautiful  valley  near 
a  church.  The  left  wing  of  our  regiment  went  on 
picket  guard. 

April  2lst.  About  1  o'clock  A.  M.  the  order  was 
quietly  passed  around  the  pickets  to  assemble  at  the 
camp,  as  we  were  to  march  immediately.-  The  pickets 
came  in,  and  at  2  o'clock  the  column  moved  quietly 
off,  not  making  any  noise  or  light,  as  it  was  known  the 
rebel  camp  was  only  six  miles  distant,  and  our  object 
was  to  take  them  by  surprise. 

We  marched  very  hard  and  steady,  closely  watching 
for  the  enemy  ;  but  they  had  not  chosen  to  wait  for  us, 
having,  with  great  haste,  left  for  parts  to  us  unknown, 
and  to  themselves,  more  safe.  Feeling  somewhat  dis 
appointed  in  not  finding  the  enemy  there,  we  continued 
to  march  without  halting,  or  taking  any  refreshments, 
until  11  o'clock  A.  M.  ;  when  near  a  little  town  on  the 


HARD    MAKCIIING.  135 

railroad  called  Sanatofa  depot,  we  halted  and  took  some 
rest,  but  did  not  eat  anything,  for  the  simple  reason 
we  had  nothing  to  eat. 

Having  marched  about  fifteen  miles,  we  were,  as  the 
common  saying  is,  about  played  out.  A  rain  com 
menced  falling,  rendering  our  march  still  more  uncom 
fortable.  At  4  o'clock  P.  M.  we  again  set  out,  march 
ing  in  a  northwest  direction.  During  the  evening  we 
crossed  the  Helena  road,  only  forty-one  miles  distant 
from  that  place.  We  passed  over  a  small  stream  and 
wide  bottom,  and,  owing  to  large  timber  being  felled 
by  the  rebels,  blockading  the  road,  our  passage  was 
rendered  quite  difficult. 

At  that  place  our  advance  captured  thirteen  rebels. 
Having  succeeded  in  getting  through  the  bottom  safely 
with  our  artillery,  we  moved  forward  again  until  we 
halted  on  a  fine  piece  of  ground  and  camped  for  the 
night.  We  killed  some  beeves,  which  we  soon  had 
dressed,  sliced  and  on  the  coals,  broiling  for  our  even 
ing  meal.  After  we  had  partaken  bountifully  of  the 
luxury  of  broiled  beef,  without  salt,  we  retired,  and 
were  soon  enjoying  sweet  repose. 

April  22d.  In  as  good  condition  as  might  be  ex 
pected,  we  set  out  at  7  o'clock,  marching  at  a  rapid 
rate  in  a  northwest  direction.  We  came  to  an  exten 
sive,  deserted,  rebel  encampment,  in  a  valley  near 
Cold  water  station,  on  the  railroad  from  Memphis  to 
Granada.  There  we  turned  and  march  directly  east, 
and  very  fast,  as  it  was  reported  that  there  was  a  large 
body  of  rebels  just  in  our  front,  which  we  were  very 
desirous  of  catching  ;  but  as  they  were  mounted  it  was 
useless  to  endeavor  to  overtake  them.  The  air  was 
sultry  and  the  sun  hot — we  were  very  much  fatigued. 
We  rested  a  short  time,  about  noon,  near  a  school- 
house — after  which  we  changed  our  direction,  march 
ing  directly  north.  During  the  evening  we  came  to  a 


136         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

small  town  called  Bucksnort,  through  which  wo  passed 
with  music  playing  and  colors  flying,  making  a  fine 
display. 

After  dark,  greatly  wearied,  we  camped  near  a  small 
stream  which  we  had  crossed.  The  quartermaster  had 
been  collecting  corn  meal  and  flour  all  day,  which  he 
divided  out  to  !.the  regiments  equally.  The  Fortieth 
drew  enough  to  make  one  pint  of  meal  to  every  two 
men,  that  being  our  only  chance  for  supper,  after  so 
hard  a  day's  march.  We  were  soon  getting  it  in  an 
eatable  shape.  Having  no  cooking  utensils,  we  mixed 
up  our  dough  in  tin  cups,  or  upon  our  oil  cloths,  then 
placed  it  on  shingles,  which  were  not  very  clean,  and 
baked  it  before  the  fire,  or  cooked  it  in  the  ashes.  In 
a  very  short  time  we  were  partaking  of  what  seemed 
to  us,  the  most  delicious  supper  we  ever  ate.  After 
preparing  some  of  the  same  food  for  the  next  morning, 
we  were  again  enjoying  sweet  repose.  The  boys  were 
quite  jolly  over  their  new  manner  of  cooking  and  fine 
living. 

April  23d.  Started  forward  at  eight  o'clock,  A.  M., 
marching  northward  over  good  roads.  Pushed  on 
quite  rapidly,  the  boys  still  being  in  fine  spirits.  Some 
mounted  rebels  hovered  closely  in  our  rear,  doing  us 
do  particular  injury,  but  tormenting  us  by  their  impu 
dence.  We  passed  a  small  town  at  10  o'clock,  called 
Byhalia,  and  kept  on  our  course  until  11  o'clock,  when 
we  halted  for  a  short  rest. 

The  Rebels  had  fired  at  our  guards,  which  caused 
Gen.  Smith  to  order  our  regiment  back  for  their  sup 
port  ;  but,  as  we  learned  there  was  no  danger,  we  went 
forward  again.  At  1  o'clock,  P.M.,  we  halted  near  a 
large  mill,  in  which  there  were  large  stores  of  flour 
and  meal,  from  which  we  soon  made  our  dinner,  cook 
ing  it  in  the  same  style  as  on  the  previous  evening. 
The  mill  was  doing  a  large  business,  and  was  known 


ARRIVED    AT   COLLIERS  VJLLE.  137 

as  Ingrain's  Mills.  After  taking  some  rest  and  refresh 
ments,  we  commenced  our  march,  at  4  o'clock,  p.  M., 
and  crossing  a  very  difficult  bottom,  we  marched  quite 
rapidly  until  8  o'clock,  P.  M.,  when  we  reached  Colliers  - 
ville,  all  greatly  fatigued,  and  many  so  exhausted  that 
they  were  not  able  to  prepare  their  own  food.  Many 
having  friends  in  other  regiments  which  were  encamped 
here,  visited  them  and  were  hospitably  treated  by  their 
fellow  soldiers  to  a  good  supper.  Rations  were  drawn 
and  distributed  that  night,  and  eaten  by  those  who 
were  not  too  nearly  worn  out  to  cook  them. 

April  24//i.  Those  who  were  so  badly  afflicted  that 
they  could  not  travel  any  farther  on  foot,  were  permit 
ted  to  go  the  remaining  part  of  the  journey  as  safe 
guards  on  the  cars.  The  column  marched  at  eight 
o'clock,  on  the  main  road  leading  to  La  Grange.  Some 
rain  fell,  making  the  roads  muddy  and  rendering  our 
inarch  quite  difficult.  At  3  o'clock,  P.M.,  we  halted 
and  camped  for  the  night  on  the  east  side  of  Lafay 
ette.  Gen.  Smith  took  the  cars  at  Colliersville,  leav 
ing  the  column  under  command  of  Col.  Hicks,  and  the 
regiment  under  command  of  Major  Hall. 

April  %5th.  At  an  early  hour  we  set  out  again,  and 
without  halting  arrived  at  La  Grange  about  nine 
o'clock,  where  we  were  soon  enjoying  a  bountiful  din 
ner  prepared  by  our  cooks,  who  had  staid  behind. 
The  regiment  was  then  ordered  to  take  quarters  in  and 
around  a  large  seminary,  called  the  La  Grange  Male 
Academy  ;  we  were  very  much  crowded,  each  company 
had  for  its  quarters  an  area  of  only  about  two  hundred 
and  forty  feet,  which  limitation  of  room  made  our  situ 
ation  very  disagreeable  and  unhealthy. 

May  2d,  The  regiment  was  paid  off  for  the  months 
of  January,  February,  March  and  April,  by  Paymas 
ter  Major  Fen  no. 

Sunday.  May  3d.    New  tents  were  drawn  for  the 


138  FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

regiment,  and  we  moved  from  the  seminary  to  a  field 
close  by,  where  our  tents  were  set  in  military  order, 
and  thereby  plenty  of  room  and  shelter  furnished  for 
all  the  regiment.  Small  cedar  bushes  were  then 
brought  and  planted  along  the  streets  of  the  regiment, 
furnishing  quite  a  pleasant  shade,  and  adding  much  to 
the  comfort  of  the  camp.  About  this  time  the  most  of 
the  negroes  which  were  employed  in  the  regiment  as 
cooks  left  us  and  volunteered  in  a  contraband  regiment, 
then  organizing  at  that  place.  Negroes  too  small,  or 
otherwise  unfit,  to  perform  military  duty  were  then 
employed  in  the  place  of  those  who  had  left  us.  The 
raising  of  negro  regiments  for  the  United  States  service 
was  then  a  subject  of  considerable  excitement  among 
the  soldiers  stationed  at  La  Grange.  Petitions,  with 
recommendations,  went  up  almost  daily,  to  Adjutant 
General  Thomas,  for  permission  to  raise  and  command 
negro  companies  and  regiments.  Commissioned  and 
non-commissioned  officers,  as  well  as  privates,  made 
applications  for  positions  in  the  contraband  service, 
and  some  of  each  class  were  successful ;  but,  of  course^ 
all  could  not  be. 

May  23d.  The  regiment  set  out  on  a  scout  up  Wolf 
river — the  weather  was  very  warm  and  roads  very 
dusty,  but  that  day  we  marched  about  twenty  miles, 
after  which  we  halted  fur  the  night ;  the  next  morning 
we  about-faced,  and  marched  back  to  La  Grange.  No 
thing  of  interest  occurred  during  the  scout,  except  the 
destruction  of  some  Rebel  property,  and  the  capture  of 
a  few  negroes  and  mules  found  along  the  road. 

May  25^A.  We  moved  our  camp  to-day  about  one 
and  a  half  miles  northeast,  on  a  hill  where  a  fort  was 
being  erected  by  the  labor  of  the  First  West  Tennessee 
Infantry,  A.  D. ;  most  of  the  tents  were  set  up  during 
the  evening,  but  the  next  morning  we  were  ordered 
back  to  the  seminary,  close  to  which  our  camp  was 


MARCH    TO    MEMPHIS. 


139 


established  and  arranged  in  proper  order.  During  our 
stay  at  La  Grange,  most  of  the  fatigue  duty  was  per 
formed  by  the  black  soldiers,  but  the  guard  duty  was 
so  heavy  that  about  half  of  all  the  men  in  the  regiment, 
able  for  duty,  were  on  guard  every  day— details  were 
often  made  from  the  Fortieth  to  guard  trains  running 
from  Memphis  to  Corinth,  via  Jackson,  Tenn. 


CHAPTER  XII. 


March  from  La  Grange  to  Memphis— Thence  down  the  Mississippi  river 
— Joined  General  Grant's  army. 

June  3d.  Most  of  the  troops  stationed  at  La  Grange 
received  orders  to  get  in  readiness  to  march ;  accord 
ingly,  all  necessary  preparations  were  made,  and,  at 
one  o'clock  p.  M.,  of  the  5th,  our  brigade  moved  out 
on  the  main  road  toward  Memphis,  and  arrived  at 
Moscow  late  in  the  evening,  where  we  encamped  for 
the  night. 

June  Glh.  At  four  o'clock  in  the  morning,  we  left 
Moscow.  As  the  road  was  not  much  dusty,  and  the 
weather  was  agreeable,  our  march,  that  day,  was 
more  than  ordinarily  pleasant.  We  reached  German- 
town,  about  twenty  miles  from  Moscow,  late  in  the 
evening. 

June  7th.  At  four  o'clock  A.  M.,  the  column  moved 
forward— the  Fortieth  marching  in  the  front.  The 
weather  being  cool  and  pleasant,  we  moved  along  quite 
rapidly,  and  without  difficulty— the  boys  enjoyed  them 
selves  finely,  singing  and  shouting  as  they  went,  and  . 
seeming  to  care  but  little  for  such  soldiering  as  that. 
We  reached  White's  Station  at  six  o'clock  and  fifteen 
minutes,  where  we  rested  until  eight  o'clock,  when  we 
again  pressed  forward,  arriving  two  miles  east  of  Mem- 


140         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

phis  at  11  o'clock  A.  M.,  where  we  took  dinner,  and 
remained  two  or  three  hours.  Then  we  marched 
through  the  city  to  the  landing,  where  many  steamers 
were  in  waiting  for  the  troops  that  were  to  embark, 
and  we  went  on  board  the  "  Crescent  City."  We  at 
once  commenced  loading  our  camp  equipage  and  teams 
on  the  same  boat,  which  proved  to  be  a  very  hard  un 
dertaking.  But,  after  hard  work  and  great  patience, 
we  succeeded  in  getting  all  on  board. 

June  9th.  At  six  o'clock  A.  M.,  we  left  the  landing 
and  moved  down  the  river,  the  steamer  Yon  Phul  in 
front,  and  the  boat  upon  which  our  regiment  and  the 
Forty-Sixth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  was,  next.  The 
boys  were  in  good  spirits  and  seemed  well  satisfied 
that  they  were  again  advancing  into  the  "Rebels'  coun 
try  to  the  assistance  of  their  brave  and  gallant  fellow- 
soldiers.  The  weather  was  rather  inclement,  but  soon 
the  clouds  vanished  and  everything  was  pleasant,  mak 
ing  all  on  board  quite  cheerful.  Things  passed  off 
quietly  until  11  o'clock  A.  M.,  when  some  cowardly 
villains  fired  a  few  shots  into  our  boat  from  the  shore, 
which  produced  some  excitement  on  board,  but  doing 
no  damage. 

At  one  o'clock  we  reached  Helena,  but  remained 
there  only  a  few  moments,  then  passed  on  our  journey 
downward.  The  fine  weather  and  beautiful  scenery, 
had  we  been  less  crowded,  would  have  made  our  trip 
quite  amusing.  As  we  were  gliding  down  easily  in 
the  evening,  we  met  a  small  gunboat,  belonging  to  the 
Musquito  fleet,  which  gave  every  boat  orders,  and  then 
went  in  front  as  a  convoy.  We  advanced  the  rest  of 
the  evening  more  cautiously,  as  it  was  thought  danger 
ous — passed  Council  Bend  late  in  the  evening,  where 
the  enemy  had,  some  time  before,  fired  into  boats  with 
artillery.  Sere  our  convoy  threw  shells  into  the  sur 
rounding  woods  to  wake  the  enemy  up,  should  he  be 


PASSING    DOWN    THE    MISSISSIPPI. 

lurking  there.  Darkness  and  a  storm  now  caused  us 
to  land,  and  to  lay  up  for  the  night. 

June  10th.  At  four  o'clock  A.  M.,  the  boats  moved 
out  and  started  down  the  river  ;  without  anything  un 
usual  occurring,  we  passed  the  mouth  of  Arkansas 
river  and  Napoleon  about  eight  o'clock. 

The  afternoon  was  quite  pleasant  and  the  jolly  sol 
dier  boys  were  fully  enjoying  the  beauteous  surround 
ing  scenery,  when  a  storm  arose  at  four  o'clock,  much 
to  our  discomfort.  We  continued  till  after  dark  and 
were  then  compelled  to  land  and  tie  up  for  the  night. 

June  ~Llth.  Our  pickets,  which  were  out  in  a  dense 
wilderness,  were  called  in  about  one  o'clock  A.  M.,  and 
we  were  soon  under  way — the  storm  clouds  were  en 
tirely  dispelled,  and  the  sky  was  illuminated  by  bright 
starlight,  making  a  beautiful  appearance.  We  passed 
Milliken's  Bend,  at  8.15  A.  M.,  and  arrived  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Yazoo  river,  at  9.30.  Without  stopping,  we 
passed  up  the  Yazoo  river,  landing  at  the  upper  land 
ing  of  Haines'  Bluffs,  at  11. 45;  we  returned  to  the 
lauding  known  as  Snyder's  Bluffs,  where  we  disem 
barked  at  two  o'clock  p.  M. — our  teams  and  baggage 
were  unloaded  from  the  steamers  as  rapidly  as  possible. 

June  12th.  Our  tents  were  conveyed  to  the  place 
assigned  for  our  encampment,  and  were  soon  erected 
in  the  usual  order.  The  camp  was  situated  on  an  ele 
vated  piece  of  ground,  surrounded  by  deep  ravines,  in 
which  were  numerous  springs  of  good  water.  As  soon 
as  our  camps  were  fully  arranged  and  in  order,  we  were 
set  to  work  fortifying  the  extensive  range  of  hills  sur 
rounding  our  encampment ;  digging  rifle-pits  along 
the  brow  of  the  hills,  and  erecting  strong  earthworks, 
behind  which  were  planted  good  artillery.  The  labor  of 
a  very  large  body  of  soldiers  soon  completed  these 
works,  rendering  the  point  perfectly  secure  against  any 

foro.p,  thn.f,  rrmlrl    h 


14:2         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

June  21st.  We  received  of  Paymaster  Stevenson 
two  months'  pay. 

June  22d.  Late  in  the  evening  we  received  orders 
to  bo  in  readiness  to  march,  with  three  days'  rations,  at 
an  early  hour  the  next  morning  ;  the  boys  were  busily 
preparing  for  a  hard  march  all  the  evening,  and  before 
they  retired,  their  soldier  traps  were  in  complete  trim. 

June  23d.  At  three  o'clock  we  inarched,  the  For 
tieth  in  front.  The  air  was  cool,  and  the  morning  was 
quite  pleasant;  we  started  out  toward  the  city  of  Vicks- 
burg,  but  soon  turned  to  the  left  and  passed  the  camps 
of  the  Ninth  Army  Corps,  situated  at  the  Mill  Springs. 
From  4:. 30  A.  M.  we  kept  up  a  steady  march  until  six 
o'clock,  when  we  stacked  arms,  and  remained  on  the 
road  a  short  time — then  moved  forward  in  an  easterly 
direction  until  we  reach  the  South  Oak  Ridge  church, 
where  the  brigade  formed  along  the  road  and  stacked 
arms,  with  orders  to  be  ready  to  meet  an  attack  at  any 
moment.  We  commenced  fortifying,  by  digging  ex 
tensive  rifle  pits,  and  building  heavy  earthworks  for 
artillery  protection.  Our  encampment  at  Oak  Ridge 
was  situated  sixteen  miles  from  Yicksburg,  and  about 
eight  miles  from  Big  Black  river ;  all  hands  were  re 
quired  to  labor  for  some  days  after  our  arrival  at  that 
place,  until  our  line  of  defense  was  completed.  Our 
rations  were  brought  to  us  from  -the  Bluffs  by  the 
teams ;  and  out  of  our  oil  cloths  we  made  imperfect 
shelters  from  the  sun  (which  was  quite  warm),  and 
from  an  occasional  shower  of  rain.  Having  no  cook 
ing  utensils  or  camp  equipage,  except  what  we  carried 
with  us,  nor  any  clothing  but  what  we  wore,  conveni 
ences,  while  stationed  there,  were  very  limited.  As 
the  seige  continued  at  the  city,  our  line  was  in  daily 
expectation  of  an  attack  from  Gen..  Joe  Johnson's  army 
in  order  to  raise  Gen.  Grant's  seige  of  Vicksburg. 
Gen.  Sherman  was  in  command  of  the  rear  army,  our 


SURRENDER    OF    YICKSBURG.  113 

division  still  being  commanded  by  Gen.  William  S. 
Smith. 

July  3d.  This  evening  there  was  considerable  ex 
citement  in  the  Fortieth  on  the  receipt  of  a  rumor 
that  the  Rebel  fortress  of  Yicksburg  had  capitulated  ; 
but  very  few  credited  the  report. 

July  4ith.  In  the  morning  the  excitement  of  the 
previous  evening  was  renewed  by  news  confirming  the 
surrender ;  yet  there  were  many  who  discredited  the 
good  tidings,  for  fear  they  would  be  deceived.  At 
3  o'clock  p.  M.  we  received  orders  to  be  ready  to  march 
in  one  hour.  In  a  very  short  time  we  were  in  perfect 
readiness  to  start  forward. 

We  were  furnished  with  full  rations  of  coffee,  crack 
ers,  and  double  rations  of  salt,  without  meat,  intend 
ing  to  supply  ourselves  with  fresh  pork  or  beef.  At 
4. 15  P.  M.  we  set  out,  marching  in  a  northeast  direc 
tion,  through  a  deep  dust,  which  rendered  our  advance 
extremely  difficult. 

At  eight  o'clock  we  camped  for  the  night  and  sent 
out  our  pickets,  which  were  posted  near  the  Big  Black 
river,  and  which  were  fired  on  during  the  night,  kill 
ing  some  of  the  Forty-sixth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry 
men. 

July  5th.  After  resting  over  the  night,  we  again 
set  out,  advancing  cautiously,  moving  at  five  o'clock. 
We  proceeded  about  one  half  mile  and  came  on  the 
Rebel  pickets,  who  fell  back  across  the  river  and  com 
menced  a  spirited  skirmish.  Two  companies  of  the 
Fortieth  took  their  position  near  the  bank  of  the  river, 
while  the  enemy  was  on  the  opposite  bank,  which  made 
the  work  quite  interesting,  as  they  kept  up  a  brisk  fire 
all  day,  till  the  darkness  caused  them  to  cease.  The 
regiment  remained  close  by  all  day,  under  cover  in  the 
bottom,  as  a  reserve. 

At  night,  Col.  Hicks  was  ordered,  with  his  brigade, 


144  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

to  force  a  passage  across  the  river  and  charge  the 
enemy,  if  found  in  force,  and  drive  them  into  their 
works.  The  brigade  was  formed  at  once,  and, 
under  the  immediate  command  of  Col.  Hicks,  marched 
to  the  bank  of  the  river.  The  only  mode  of  crossing 
was  to  wade,  but  on  trial  the  water  found  to  be  too 
deep.  The  brigade  was  then  move  a  few  rods  to  the 
rear,  and  a  fatigue  party  sent  forward  to  cut  timber  into 
the  stream,  hoping  thereby  to  form  a^drift  or  footing 
for  the  infantry  to  cross  over.  But  the  enemy  was  on 
the  alert,  and  poured  such  a  heavy  fire  in  upon  the 
workmen  that  the  idea  of  crossing  was  abandoned  until 
morning. 

Monday,  July  6th.  The  infantry  crossed  over  by 
means  of  rafts,  canoes,  etc.,  but  found  the  enemy  had 
skedaddled  for  Jackson.  Our  trains  and  artillery  ef 
fected  a  crossing  below,  and  came  up  with  us  on  Tues 
day  evening,  when  the  entire  column  moved  on  in 
pursuit  of  the  enemy.  The  weather  was  warm,  roads 
dusty,  water  scarce,  and  marching  hard,  but  all  en 
dured  it  without  murmuring. 

On  the  10th  we  met  the  enemy's  pickets  three  miles 
from  Jackson,  and  immediately  our  whole  division, 
infantry  and  artillery,  was  thrown  into  line  of  battle. 
Company  "  H  "  of  the  Fortieth,  and  one  company  from 
each  regiment  of  Col.  Hicks'  brigade  were  thrown  out 
as  skirmishers.  The  enemy's  pickets  were  steadily 
driven  until  night,  and  the  division  advanced  in  line 
of  battle  within  easy  range  of  the  enemy's  artillery, _ 
which  kept  a  constant  firing,  but  firing  to  our  right. 
The  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry  was  thrown  out  as  pickets, 
and  the  division  bivouacked  in  the  open  field  for  the 
night.  On  the  morning  of  the  llth,  Col.  Hicks'  brig 
ade  was  ordered  one  mile  to  the  left,  for  reserve.  On 
the  evening  of  the  same  day,  the  Fortieth  was  ordered 
to  the  extreme  front  to  relieve  the  Sixth  Iowa,  then  on 


MARCH    ON   JACKSON,    MISS.  145 

picket ;  they  had  been  skirmishing  heavily  all  day 
within  six  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's  works.  The 
Fortieth  took  the  ground,  held  it  twenty -four  hours, 
firing  in  the  time  twenty-nine  thousand  rounds  of  car- 
ridges.  We  were  relieved  on  the  evening  of  the  12th 
by  the  Forty-sixth  Ohio,  and  were  ordered  again  to 
the  front  on  the  morning  of  the  13th  to  relieve  the 
Ninety-seventh  Indiana,  then  on  picket,  and  held  this 
position  in  front,  to  the  left  of  our  position,  for  twenty- 
four  hours  ;  here  the  enemy  did  not  press  us  so  hard. 
"We  were  relieved  on  the  morning  of  the  14th  by  the 
Ninety-ninth  Indiana,  and  permitted  to  rest  one  df.y  ; 
were  detailed  on  the  afternoon  of  the  15th  to  destroy 
a  railroad.  On  the  morning  of  the  16th  it  was  deter 
mined  to  advance  the  whole  line,  and  the  Fortieth  was 
ordered  to  support  the  Ninety-seventh  Indiana,  then  in 
front.  The  Ninety-seventh  was  to  advance  at  the  signal 
and,  if  possible,  go  into  the  enemy's  works,  but  if  com 
pelled  to  fall  back,  we  were  to  cover  their  retreat. 

The  signal  for  advance  was  fired  before  we  reached 
the  place,  and  the  Ninety-seventh  had'  gone  forward  ; 
how  far  we  could  not  tell,  for  we  could  not  see  them. 
In  crossing  the  open  field,  through  which  we  had  to 
follow,  they  had  drawn  the  fire  of  all  the  artillery  com 
manding  that  point,  which  was  five  batteries,  and 
through  a  shower  of  shot  and  shell  which  darkened  the 
air,  we  must  advance  to  the  support  of  the  gallant 
Ninety-seventh,  which  had  driven  the  enemy  into  his 
breastworks.  At  the  word  forward,  men  and  officers 
mounted  the  works.  There  was  no  time  for  faltering 
or  shrinking,  all  moved  steadily  forward  in  perfect 
order ;  orders  were  as  promptly  obeyed  as  on  a  quiet 
dress  parade.  There  was  a  grandeur  in  the  scene  to 
those  who  stood  and  witnessed  it.  Three  enfilading 
and  two  fronting  batteries,  firing  rapidly  at  one  regi 
ment  at  short  range,  in  open  field,  was  well  calculated 
13 


146         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

to  do  dreadful  work.  The  regiment  moved  steadily 
forward,  some  two  hundred  yards.  At  the  word  halt, 
all  was  still ;  at  the  word  lay  down,  all  were  down — 
down,  quick  as  thought. 

This  was  found  to  be  a  dangerous  position.  Major 
Hall  ;i  then  gave  the  word,  "forward,"  and,  in  a  mo 
ment,  all  were  up  and  moving  forward  in  perfect  order ; 
advanced  to  a  small  ravine,  running  through  the  field 
where  the  Ninety-seventh  Indiana  lay — their  left  a  lit 
tle  in  front  of  ours ;  thus  the  advance  and  support 
were  together  within  three  hundred  yards  of  the  ene 
my's  works.  There  the  two  regiments  lay  for  some 
four  hours,  with  shot  and  shell  flying  thick  and  fast, 
until  the  enemy  sent  out  a  brigade  undercover  of  their 
guns  and  drove  back  our  right,  completely  flanking  us. 

It  was  immediately  discovered  that  our  only  chance 
to  escape  capture,  was  to  retreat  over  the  same  danger 
ous  route  by  which  we  had  advanced.  This,  we  at 
once  decided  to  do,  and  Major  Hall  immediately  or 
dered  the  retreat.  The  regiment  marched  back  through 
the  storm  of  shot  and  shell,  as  severe  as  that  through 
which  we  advanced.  Through  all  this  peril  the  brave 
old  Fortieth  passed.  Casualities,  one  man  killed  and 
five  wounded. 

In  this  miraculous  preservation  of  the  regiment,  all 
see  and  acknowledge  the  hand  of  a  merciful  Providence  ; 
for  this,  and  this  alone,  covered  our  heads  in  the  day 
of  battle. 

Lieut.  Colonel  Smith  of  the  Forty-sixth  Ohio  took 
command  of  the  regiment  during  the  campaign,  in  the 
vicinity  of  Jackson,  rendered  good  services  in  assist 
ing  to  command  the  Fortieth,  and  worthily  gained 
the  kindest  wishes  of  the  boys  of  the  regiment.  The 
part  our  loved  regiment  took  in  the  action  was  greatly 
admired  as  may  be  seen  by  the  following  order  by  the 
pommanding  general: 


CONGRATULATORY    ORDER. 


HEADQUARTERS  FIRST  DIVISION,  16m  ARMY  CORPS,  1 
Jackson,  Miss.,  July  18th,  1863.      J 

Lieutenant  Colonel  Smith,  Commanding  Fortieth  Illinois 
Infantry. 

SIR  :  —  Permit  me,  through  you,  to  express  to  the 
officers  and  men  of  the  Fortieth  Illinois  Volunteers, 
my  high  appreciation  of  their  gallant  conduct  in  our 
advance  upon  the  rebel  works  at  this  place  on  the  16th 
inst.  Their  daring  and  yours,  was  above  all  praise. 
Accept  my  warmest  thanks  and  tender  them  to  those 
who  shared  your  peril  and  your  glory. 

Yours  truly, 
[Signed.]  WM.  S.  SMITH, 

Brigadier  General  Comd'g  First  Division. 
Official  :  A.  F.  TAYLOR,  A.  A.  A.  G. 

J.  W.  BAUGH, 
Adjutant  Fortieth  Illinois  Infantry. 

The  regiment  after  inarching  into  the  city,  and  par 
taking  of  some  of  the  plunder  captured  there,  on  the 
17th,  went  back  to  the  ground  we  had  previously  oc 
cupied,  and  rested  there  —  having  nothing  to  do  until 
the  morning  of  the  23d. 

At  an  early  hour,  our  regiment,  with  the  entire  bri 
gade,  moved  out,  and  took  up  the  line  of  march  in  the 
direction  of  Clinton,  on  the  direct  road  leading  to 
Vicksburg. 

The  boys  were  jubilant  on  account  of  the  prospect 
of  soon  being  allowed  to  go  into  permanent  encamp 
ment,  where  they  could  rest  and  receive  supplies, 
which  they  very  much  needed.  In  consequence  of 
the  intense  heat  and  dust,  the  march  was  rendered  re 
markably  uncomfortable. 

We  halted,  and  encamped  for  the  night,  near  Clin 
ton,  in  the  afternoon,  and  spent  the  remaining  part  of 


148          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

the  evening  in  taking  rest,  in  the  shady  grove,  and 
were  not  much  troubled  with  the  preparation  of  our 
food,  as  our  rations  were  quite  scant. 

July  24:th.  Started  out  at  an  early  hour,  and 
marched  very  hard,  so  that  many  were  entirely  over 
come  by  fatigue  and  heat.  On  arriving  within  five 
miles  of  Big  Black  river,  we  camped  for  the  night. 

July  25/A.  At  sunrise,  we  proceeded  at  a  rapid 
rate,  soon  reaching  the  river,  which  we  crossed  at 
Messenger's  Ford,  and  went  into  camp  on  the  high 
ground,  about  one  half  mile  beyond  the  ford,  in  a  very 
pleasant  place.  It  was  soon  ascertained  that  this 
would  be  our  place  of  encampment  for  the  summer, 
and  that  we  would  be  permitted  to  remain  during  the 
warm  season,  and  recruit. 

Our  camp  and  garrison  equipage  was  soon  brought 
to  us  from  Snyder's  Bluffs,  where  they  had  been  kept 
during  the  campaign,  and,  in  a  very  short  time,  we 
had  a  comfortable  and  convenient  encampment,  being 
located  on  a  beautiful  eminence,  in  a  shady  grove  of 
beach  timber,  and  with  plenty  of  pure  water  found  in 
the  surrounding  valleys.  An  abundance  of  rations 
was  soon  provided  for  us,  and  all  were  in  fine  spirits 
Being  very  weary  they  could  appreciate  the  comforts 
of  even  camp  life,  feeling  that  they  had  very  mate 
rially  aided  in  securing  the  great  victories  in  that  de 
partment,  over  which  the  entire  nation  was  so  exul 
tant. 

General  W.  T.  Sherman's  complimentary  order  to 
the  Fifteenth  Army  Corps,  on  the  21st  of  July,  was 
received  with  great  gratification  by  the  Fortieth,  as 
they  considered  they  had  borne  their  part  in  achieving 
the  great  triumphs  so  nobly  set  forth  in  the  order  which 
is  here  inserted : 


GEN.  SHERMAN'S  ADDRESS.  149 


HEADQUARTERS  FIFTEENTH  ARMY  CORPS,  ^ 

Department  of  the  Tennessee,          V 
Camp  on  Black  river,  Miss.,  July  '2tlth,  1863.      J 

To  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  15th  Army  Corps: 

"When  in  the  progress  of  war,  time  and  opportunity 
present  a  favorable  occasion  ;  it  is  well  we  should 
pause  and  reflect  on  the  past. 

In  November  of  last  year,  we  were  mostly  at  Helena 
and  Memphis.  The  enemy  lay  in  force  behind  en 
trenchments  of  his  own  choice  at  the  Tallahatchie, 
boastful  of  his  power  and  strength,  defiant  and  insult 
ing  in  his  tone. 

In  combination  with  our  fellow-soldiers  of  the  army 
of  the  Tennessee,  we  advanced  directly  against  him, 
whilst  a  force  from  Helena  thrust  latterly  at  Grenada, 
made  him  leave  in  haste  and  confusion  and  fall  back 
behind  the  Yalabusha,  and  the  Yazoo,  with  Yicksburg 
and  its  frowning  hills  and  batteries,  as  his  impregna 
ble  stronghold.  It  then  became  our  part  of  the  grand 
drama  to  strike  this  stronghold,  and  we  moved  against 
it  with  expedition  and  a  firm  resolution  to  succeed. 
But  there  are  in  war,  as  in  peace,  limits  to  the  power 
of  the  bravest  men,  and  we  failed  to  carry,  by  a  dash, 
the  line  of  bluffs  and  forts  that  had  been  prepared  with 
consummate  art  and  defended  by  a  brave  and  skillful 
enemy.  Not  daunted,  we  drew  off  to  prepare  anew 
for  a  more  powerful  blow. 

Time  offering  the  opportunity,  instead  of  waiting  in 
idleness,  we  turned  against  Arkansas  Post ;  and,  by 
a  quick  and  skillful  movement,  we  reduced  and  cap 
tured  Fort  Hindman,with  all  its  garrison  and  material 
of  war.  Then  returning  to  the  original  purpose  of  the 
campaign,  we  were  again  at  Young's  Point,  and  be 
gan  that  Series  of  preparations  which  has  resulted  in 
final  success. 


150         FORTIETH   ILLINOIS   VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 

The  labor  and  toil  of  those  dark  and  gloomy  months 
were  not  spent  in  vain. 

The  gunboat  fleet,  commanded  by  Admiral  Porter, 
explored  every  bayou  and  creek  of  the  net- work  of 
streams  that  afforded  any  chance  of  reaching  the  land 
above  Yicksburg,  and  it  was  our  pleasing  task,  when, 
in  March  last,  during  one  of  these  expeditions,  the 
safety  of  our  gunboats  was  threatened,  to  hasten 
through  water,  swarnps,  and  canebrake  and  storm,  to 
its  assistance,  and  we  now  know  that  to  the  labor  and 
energy  then  displayed,  the  country  owes  to  us,  in  a 
great  measure,  the  safety  of  the  iron-clads,  which  have 
done  so  much  to  open  the  Mississippi. 

At  last,  when  it  was  demonstrated  that  nature  and 
art  had  made  Yicksburg  impregnable  from  the  river, 
on  its  north  side,  and  our  general  had  resolved  to 
reach  it  from  the  south,  we  aided  much  in  passing  the 
necessary  fleet  of  boats  below  Yicksburg  ;  and,  when 
the  first  battle  was  to  begin  at  Grand  Gulf,  we  had  the 
important,  but  ungrateful,  task  of  deceiving  our  enemy 
by  a  feigned  attack  on  Haines'  Bluffs. 

That  feint,  or  diversion,  was  perfectly  successful,  and 
for  weeks  we  succeeded  admirably  in  confusing  and 
deceiving  the  enemy  as  to  our  purposes,  and  con 
tributed  largely  thereby  in  gaining  a  successful  foot 
hold  on  land  below  Yicksburg. 

Then,  by  a  rapid  march,  we  overtook  our  comrades, 
and  with  them  swept  the  enemy  before  us  to  Jackson, 
and  back  again  to  Yicksburg,  reaching,  after  unex 
ampled  skill,  the  very  points  we  had  aimed  to  secure 
in  December. 

Of  the  seige  of  Yicksburg,  it  ill  becomes  your  com 
mander  now  to  speak. 

That  the  Fifteenth  Army  Corps,  performed  its  full 
share  of  labor  and  fighting,  our  General  in  *Chief  has 
borne  full  testimony,  and  our  colors  will  ever  bear,  in 


GEN.  SHERMAN'S  ADDRESS.  151 

proud  remembrance  of  that  great  historical  event,  the 
appropriate  mark. 

But,  before  the  fall  of  the  city,  one  of  the  most 
skillful  generals  of  the  mighty  rebellion,  was  known 
to  be  hurrying  to  our  rear  with  a  large  army,  threat 
ening  our  safety,  and  boasting  that  he  would  not 
only  relieve  his  comrades  of  the  beleagured  city,  but 
destroy  and  annihilate  our  army. 

We  were,  in  part,  called  from  our  trenches  to  watch 
this  dangerous  enemy,  and  it  is  now  known  that  our 
watchfulness  baffled  his  purposes,  and  when  at  last  on 
the  very  birthday  of  our  nation,  Yicksburg  sunk  help 
less  and  a  penitent  into  our  military  power,  we  were 
called  on,  without  rest,  to  drop  our  pick  and  seize  our 
musket,  and  drive  away  that  army  which  had  so  inso 
lently  threatened  our  veiy  existence. 

History  affords  few  parallels  of  the  rapidity  and  suc 
cess  of  this  march. 

Vicksburg  surrendered  on  the  4th  of  July,  we  crossed 
Black  river  on  the  6th,  and  on  the  8th,  we  forced  the 
enemy  to  take  refuge  behind  his  trenches  at  Jackson. 

Again  we  resorted  to  the  pick  and  shovel,  but  our 
enemy,  reading  his  certain  doom  in  the  fate  of  Vicks 
burg,  availed  himself  of  the  cover  of  night,  and  fled 
across  the  Pearl  river,  and  the  Valley  of  the  Missis 
sippi  became  at  last  free  of  the  presence  of  a  hostile  army. 

Having  then  destroyed  the  Great  Central  Railroad 
for  one  hundred  miles  in  extent,  and  thereby  made  it 
useless  to  our  foe  in  after  campaigns,  we  have  quietly 
returned  to  our  camps  and  supplies,  ready  for  any  new 
events  that  may  require  our  services. 

Your  commander,  in  thus  briefly  reciting  the  events 
of  the  past  seven  months,  thinks  in  them  every  officer 
and  man  has  good  reason  to  flatter  himself  that  in  pro 
ducing  this  grand  result  he  has  borne  a  part. 

In  after  years  it  will  be  the  subject  of  pride  to  him- 


152          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY. 

self  and  children;  and  we  know  how  our  fellow  coun 
trymen  were  wild  with  joy  when  the  telegraph  spread 
the  good  tidings  that  the  Mississippi  was  again  made 
free  by  the  courage  and  perseverance  of  their  brave 
volunteers,  and  that  once  more  every  American  could 
steam  up  and  down  this  majestic  river  without  fearing 
the  hissing  shell,  or  whizzing  bullet  of  a  foe,  from  its 
ambushed  shores. 

Let  the  magnificent  result  give  to  all  new  hope  and 
assurance,  that  by  discipline,  by  patient  industry,  by 
courage  and  confidence  in  our  country  and  cause,  the 
United  States  of  America  will,  instead  of  sinking  into 
Mexican  anarchy,  arise  with  proud  honor  and  glory, 
and  become  what  Washington  designed  it,  THE  FREEST 

AND  BEST  REGULATED  GoVENMENT    ON  EARTH. 

W.  T.  SHEKMAN, 

Major  General  Commanding. 

Furloughs  were  soon  granted,  and  a  few  of  the  war 
worn  boys  of  the  Fortieth  were  allowed  to  visit  their 
loved  ones  and  quiet  homes  in  Illinois,  which  no  doubt 
was  a  great  pleasure  to  those  who  had  been  absent  for 
two  years. 

The  encampment  was  denominated  Camp  Sherman, 
and  was  quite  novel ;  being  located  so  remote  from  any 
public  thoroughfare,  there  was  nothing  to  attract  the 
soldier's  attention  except  the  immediate  transactions  of 
the  camp.  Our  supplies  were  brought  chiefly  from 
Vicksburg,  and  but  very  few  of  the  soldiers  ever  went 
beyond  our  lines  during  the  stay  there.  All  seemed 
to  enjoy  themselves  as  well  there  as  at  any  place  we 
had  been  stationed  at.  Many  harmless  and  pleasing 
amusements  were  engaged  in,  such  as  ball  playing, 
jumping,  swinging,  etc.,  which  were  beneficial  as  well 
as  amusing. 

Guard  duties  were  not  extremely  hard  or  laborious, 
while  we  had  sufficient  unoccupied  time  for  any  use. 


MARCH  FROM  CAMP  SHERMAN.          153 

Some  military  drill  was  performed,  and  many  grand 
reviews  by  Sherman,  then  commanding  the  Fifteenth 
Corps. 

There  was  a  series  of  meetings  for  public  worship, 
conducted  in  the  division  by  the  several  chaplains,  ex 
citing  much  interest,  and  wielding  a  great  influence. 
While  there  the  health  of  the  regiment  was  remarkably 
good,  much  better  than  any  ether  regiment  stationed 
there. 

Thus  the  summer  was  spent  by  the  old  Fortieth,  in 
her  beautiful  and  pleasant  camp,  and  the  fall  season 
came  on,  in  which  she  was  to  undergo  such  a  severe 
campaign,  so  much  toil  and  peril. 

Two  long  years  have  now  expired  since  the  organi 
zation  of  the  Fortieth,  and  many  of  its  noble  sons  are 
not  now  embraced  in  its  organization.  Some  with  the 
loss  or  fracture  of  limbs  have  retired  from  the  field ; 
others  have  fallen,  nobly  fallen  !  and  their  bodies  lie 
moldering  on  many  gory  fields.  The  strength  of  the 
regiment  on  the  25th  of  July,  or  at  the  expiration  of 
two  years'  service  may  be  seen  on  page  64. 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

March   from    Camp    Sherman    to   Vicksburg,   and    our   Campaign    to 
Chattanooga. 

QUITE  unexpectedly,  on  the  25th  day  of  September, 
we,  together  with  nearly  all  the  troops  then  under  com 
mand  of  Gen.  Sherman,  received  orders  to  be  prepared 
to  inarch  at  a  moment's  notice.  Most  of  the  camp 
equipage  was  hauled  to  the  railroad  depot,  at  Bovina 
Station,  about  six  miles  south  of  the  camp,  from  which 
place  they  were  to  be  conveyed  to  Vicksburg  on  the 
cars. 

About  two  o'clock,  on  the  28th,  we  marched  out  on 


154:         FORTIETH  ILLINOIS  VOLUNTEER    INFAKTRY. 

the  main  road  to  Yicksburg,  and  about  noon  next  day 
we  marched  through  the  city,  around  which,  but  a  short 
time  previous,  had  been  the  scenes  of  deadly  conflict. 
After  arriving  at  the  point  of  embarkation,  the  regi 
ment  halted,  and  immediately  a  detail  was  made  to 
take  the  camp  equipage,  etc.,  on  board  the  steamer 
Diana,  which  then  belonged  to  the  marine  fleet  of  the 
Mississippi.  While  here  our  worthy  Colonel,  S.  G. 
Hicks,  who  had  been  home  on  a  short  u  leave  of  ab 
sence,"  rejoined  us,  and  took  command  of  the  Second 
Brigade,  to  which  the  Fortieth  then  belonged. 

By  2  o'clock,  A.  M.,  of  the  30th,  our  regiment  was  on 
board  the  Diana,  with  all  its  equipments,  ready  to 
leave,  and  soon  after  the  single  tap  of  the  bell  was 
given,  and  we  were  off  for  Memphis.  Part  of  the  divi 
sion  not  being  ready  to  start  out  at  that  time,  we  ran 
up  as  far  as  Griffon's  Landing,  about  half  way  between 
Yicksburg  and  Helena,  where  we  arrived  on  the  first 
day  of  October.  Teams  and  wagons  were  immediately 
taken  on  shore,  to  haul  wood  to  the  bank  of  the  river, 
to  supply  our  division  fleet  with  fuel  as  they  came  up. 
In  about  four  days  the  remainder  of  the  fleet  arrived, 
during  which  time  the  soldiers  were  employed  in  haul 
ing  wood  and  foraging,  by  which  means  they  had  all 
the  food  they  could  wish  for,  and  of  no  mean  quality. 
We  there  gathered  great  quantities  of  muscadines, 
which  grew  in  abundance  near  the  landing.  Twelve 
bee-trees,  the  most  of  which  were  very  rich,  were  found 
near  the  lauding,  supplying  many  of  the  soldiers  with 
honey  sufficient  to  last  them  the  rest  of  their  journey 
to  Memphis. 

On  the  evening  of  the  5th  of  October  the  division 
fleet  had  arrived,  and,  all  being  ready,  we  proceeded 
np  the  river.  The  Diana  being  too  heavily  loaded  to 
pass  the  sand-bars,  two  or  three  miles  below  Memphis, 
landed  on  the  right  shore,  where  the  soldiers,  with  all 


MARCH    TO    CORINTH.  155 

the  horses  and  mules,  were  taken  off,  and  required  to 
walk  past  the  bar,  a  distance  of  about  two  miles.  The 
boat,  thus  lightened,  was  enabled  to  proceed,  and  land 
ing  at  the  point  designated,  the  regiment,  with  the 
stock,  got  on  board  again.  We  were  then  carried  over 
to  the  left  bank  of  the  river,  where  we  remained  all 
night.  Early  in  the  morning,  on  the  Sth,  all  were 
called  on  board,  when  we  proceeded  up  the  river  a 
short  distance,  but  our  way  was  again  obstructed  by 
another  sand  bar.  The  boat  then  crossed  to  the  right 
bank  again,  the  captain  deciding  it  useless  to  attempt 
to  pass  the  bar  while  so  heavily  loaded.  The  steamer 
Ella  then  came  to  our  assistance,  and  took  on  board 
from  the  Diana  nearly  all  the  freight,  together  with 
the  sick  of  the  regiment  who  were  not  able  to  wralk. 
Thus  lightened,  the  Diana  succeeded  in  crossing,  while 
the  regiment,  with  all  the  horses  and  mules,  marched 
up  about  three  miles,  when  the  Diana  took  us  on  board 
again.  We  then  started  in  company  with  the  steamer 
Ella,  which  carried  nearly  all  the  equipments  belong 
ing  to  the  regiment ;  but,  by  being  thus  detained,  we 
were  left  behind  all  the  rest  of  the  fleet. 

No  further  difficulties  attended  us  on  our  trip  to 
Memphis,  where  we  arrived  safely  on  the  evening  of 
the  10th,  when  nearly  all  the  regiment  straightway  got 
off  the  boat,  and  established  their  quarters  on  the  wharf. 

The  next  morning,  the  llth,  orders  were  received  to 
march  in  the  direction  of  Corinth.  The  camp  equip 
age,  sick,  etc.,  belonging  to  the  regiment  were  to  re 
main  on  the  wharf  in  charge  of  Company  D,  all  of 
which  were  to  be  taken  through  on  the  cars.  Having 
been  on  the  river  so  long,  quite  a  number  of  the  sol 
diers  were  sick  when  they  arrived  at  Memphis,  and, 
sad  to  say,  they  all  remained  on  the  wharf,  lying  on 
the  cold  and  damp  ground,  receiving  but  little  care  or 
attention  until  about  noon  of  the  13th,  when  those  who 


156          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

were  too  sick  to  be  taken  away  on  the  cars,  were  sent 
to  the  hospitals,  and  those  who  were  able,  were  taken 
to  the  railroad  depot.  Thus  ended  the  Fortieth's  pre 
paratory  arrangements  to  commence  a  march,  which 
proved  to  be  grander  and  more  praiseworthy  than  any 
they  had  previously  made. 

Sunday,  October  11,  1863.  It  was  anticipated  by 
many  that,  after  arriving  at  Memphis,  we  would  be 
allowed  to  reach  the  next  point  by  railroad,  and  that 
we  would  have  a  fine  trip  over  the  Memphis  and 
Charleston  railroad  to  Corinth,  but  our  previous  ex 
perience  hardly  warranted  us  to  expect  so  great  a 
pleasure.  At  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  regiment 
formed  on  the  wharf,  and  marched  through  the  city  to 
its  eastern  border,  where  the  brigade  was  formed,  pre 
paratory  to  starting.  There  the  boys  were  convinced 
that  their  hopes  of  a  comfortable  car  ride  were  blasted. 

At  4  o'clock  P.  M.  we  marched  out  on  the  Corinth 
road,  over  which  we  had  traveled  so  often.  Nothing 
of  special  interest  occurred — roads  very  fine  and  things 
seemed  familiar. 

We  arrived  at  Collierville  about  noon  of  the  12th, 
where  there  was  some  excitement,  occasioned  by  an 
attack,  the  previous  day,  from  a  small  force  of  Rebels, 
on  the  garrison  at  that  place,  but  they  were  repulsed, 
and  had  retired  in  the  direction  of  Holly  Springs.  We 
then  changed  our  direction  to  the  southward  as  far  as 
Mount  Pleasant,  about  fourteen  miles  from  the  rail 
road. 

Finding  no  enemy  we  marched  toward  the  line  again, 
and  reached  La  Grange,  Tennessee,  on  the  evening  of 
the  13th,  greatly  fatigued  and  in  need  of  rations.  All 
were  delighted  to  see  the  pleasant  little  town  in  which 
we  had  spent  so  many  happy  hours.  The  boys  were 
very  much  vexed  that  they  were  not  permitted  to  camp 


MARCH    ON    IUKA.  157 

there,  but  were  ordered  to  go  a  mile  and  a  half  be 
yond. 

We  had  passed  to  town  too  far  and  were  too  weary 
to  return,  and  sadly  disappointed.  Rations  were  drawn 
and  the  tired  soldiers  were  soon  laying  contentedly  on 
the  ground,  their  place  of  rest. 

October  I4ith.  Left  La  Grange  early  for  Corinth, 
keeping  up  a  steady  march,  over  ordinarily  good  roads, 
and  there  being  nothing  to  retard  our  progress,  we  got 
along  finely,  camping  the  first  night,  or  the  night  of 
the  14th  on  Porter  creek,  on  the  night  of  the  15th  at 
Pochahoutas,  and  on  the  night  of  the  16th  near  Che- 
valla.  On  the  night  of  the  17th  we  arrived  at  Corinth, 
but  passed  through,  camping  near  one  mile  from  town. 
Immediately  after  stopping,  there  was  a  storm — the 
rain  fell  in  torrents — the  men,  having  no  shelter,  re 
ceived  a  complete  drenching,  and  spent  the  night  very 
disagreeably. 

October  18/A.  The  sun  came  out,  and  our  clothing 
was  dried.  Received  a  very  large  mail,  which  af 
forded  some  comfort  to  the  boys.  It  was  soon  deter 
mined  that  we  should  continue  our  journey  ;  there  was 
no  rest  for  the  soldier  here,  and  preparations  being 
made  to  start,  at  noon  we  were  again  traveling  on  the 
road  toward  luka,  Mississippi,  which  was  dry  and 
good.  We  marched  quite  hard  and  camped  about 
twelve  miles  from  Corinth.  We  started  out  early 
next  morning,  and  arrived  at  luka,  Mississippi,  twen 
ty-five  miles  from  Corinth,  in  the  evening.  This  be 
ing  new  territory  for  us,  was  a  more  interesting  march 
than  usual.  We  went  into  camp  at  this  place,  and 
prepared  to  stay  a  short  time. 

Our  tents,  which  had  been  shipped  on  board  the 
cars,  were  received  and  we  were  soon  enjoying  our 
selves  as  well  as  usual.  Were  well  supplied  while 
here  with  clothing.  We  also  received  a  payment  for 


158    FORTIETH  ILLINOIS  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY. 

two  months,  which  was  very  acceptable,  and  was  thank 
fully  received.  There  was  a  good  share  of  guard  and 
fatigue  duty  to  perform  at  that  post,  and  we  did  full 
our  part.  Our  stay  at  luka  was  of  short  duration. 

On  the  26th,  orders  were  received  to  be  ready  for  a 
march.  Col.  S.  G.  Hicks  here  received  orders  to  report 
at  Paducah,  Kentucky,  where  he^took  command  of  the 
post.  Brig.  Gen.  J.  M.  Corse  then  assumed  command 
of  the  second  brigade. 

October  21th.  We  again  resumed  our  usual  employ 
ment  for  the  fall,  by  packing  up  our  equipments  and 
marching.  The  column  was  turned  eastward,  or  in 
the  direction  of  the  Tennessee  river,  where  we  arrived 
and  crossed  at  Eastport,  by  means  of  a  boat,  which  was 
towed  by  a  gunboat.  The  process  was  rather  slow,  but 
the  Fortieth  succeeded  in  crossing  before  night,  and 
camped  near  the  river  until  morning. 

October  %8th.  After  waiting  for  the  baggage  and 
the  other  regiments  to  cross,  we  marched  in  the  after 
noon  over  quite  good  roads,  and  not  being  interrupted, 
we  marched  fourteen  miles,  and  camped  at  Gravel 
Springs.  Being  greatly  refreshed  by  a  good  night's 
sleep  and  plenty  of  food,  the  regiment  marched  very 
hard  all  day  and  reached  Florence,  Alabama,  in  the 
evening,  very  much  wearied.  The  country  was  en 
tirely  new  to  us,  and  many  things  were  to  be  seen  that 
we  had  never  seen  before — making  the  march  very  in 
teresting.  After  the  soldiers  had  become  somewhat 
recovered  from  weariness,  they  quietly  strolled  through 
the  city,  examining  closely  all  its  beauties  or  novelties 
that  chanced  to  attract  their  attention.  The  time  that 
we  were  permitted  to  stay  at  this  place  was  spent  very 
pleasantly.  Florence  is  a  city  of  considerable  import 
ance,  beautifully  located,  and  containing  many  public 
edifices — among  others  a  very  fine  college  of  no  ordinary 
pretentious.  Also,  there  was  a  female  seminary,  which 


ROGERS  VILE,  TENNESSEE.  159 

was  in  session,  and  many  fair  southern  belles  in  atten 
dance. 

On  the  31st,  after  some  preparations  in  the  way  of 
brushing  up  the  clothing  and  accouterments,  the  regi 
ment  was  mustered  for  pay.  Eations  being  rather 
scant,  foraging  parties  were  sent  into  the  surrounding 
country  to  procure  supplies  of  meat  and  potatoes, 
which  were  very  plenty  on  all  the  farms. 

November  1st.  Marched  in  the  morning,  going  in  an 
eastern  direction,  passed  by  some  tolerably  good  farms, 
but  they  exhibited,  as  is  usual  among  the  plantations 
of  the  South,  a  want  of  skillful  improvement  and  cul 
tivation.  We  marched  near  ten  miles  the  first  day  and 
camped  on  Shoal  creek.  Continued  the  march  with 
out  any  interruption,  the  weather  being  admirable. 
The  country  was  high  and  rolling,  with  numerous 
bright  streams  of  water  rushing  through  the  rocks, 
presenting  beautiful  scenery.  Came  to  Elk  river  on 
the  3d,  and  after  spending  the  greater  part  of  the  day 
in  trying  to  cross,  found  that  it  could  not  be  effected, 
and  moved  back  to  a  small  town,  called  Eogersville, 
where  we  camped  over  night.  On  the  morning  of  the 
4th  we  moved  out,  following  the  Pulaski  road  leading 
northward,  to  find  a  place  where  the  Elk  river,  which 
was  much  swollen,  could  be  crossed.  We  marched 
about  fifteen  miles,  the  roads  being  pretty  good.  The 
country  was  level,  with  but  few  improvements.  Camped 
at  Prospect  Station  on  the  night  of  the  5th.  This  sta 
tion,  a  small  town  of  little  note,  is  on  the  Tennessee 
Central.  In  consequence  of  the  bad  condition  of  the 
roads,  our  teams  had  great  difficulty  in  getting  along, 
which  very  much  hindered  the  advancement  of  the 
column.  Beached  a  considerable  stream,  called  Kich- 
land  creek,  on  the  6th,  which  we  ferried  in  an  old  flat 
boat.  After  crossing  we  continued  our  journey,  and 
soon  came  on  a  macadamized  road,  on  which  we 


160         FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

marched  for  four  or  five  miles  and  camped.  This  is 
the  Nashville  and  Huntsville  turnpike. 

Nov.  fth.  We  resumed  our  journey ;  leaving  the 
Huntsville  road,  and  bearing  to  the  left,  we  marched 
over  a  very  hilly  country,  yet  the  roads  were  dry  and 
we  got  along  finely.  Marching  about  fourteen  miles, 
we  camped  for  the  night.  Some  rations  were  procured 
by  a  foraging  party  that  had  been  out  all  day  for  that 
purpose.  The  8th  we  reached  Fayetteville,  Tenn., 
where  we  crossed  Elk  river  on  a  large  stone  bridge, 
and  camped  about  one  mile  beyond  the  river.  This 
was  a  very  neat  village,  being  the  county  seat  of  Lin 
coln  county,  Tenn.  After  resting  through  the  night 
in  this  camp,  a  great  number  of  the  Fortieth  were 
mounted  on  mules  or  horses,  and  sent  out  through  the 
surrounding  country,  to  gather  up  all  the  stock  they 
could,  for  the  use  of  the  Government.  This  was  rather 
a  gay  time  for  the  boys,  being  a  transfer  from  the  in 
fantry  branch  of  the  service  to  the  u  Mule  Cavalry,"  as 
they  were  called.  Those  of  the  regiment  who  were 
not  mounted,  being  about  one  half,  started  out  on  the 
morning  of  the  10th,  and  marching  very  hard  all  day 
arrived  at  Salem,  twenty-two  miles  distant,  in  the 
evening. 

Early  the  llth  we  started  again,  and  after  several 
hours'  constant  marching  we  reached  Winchester,  Tenn. 
There  we  drew  commissary  supplies,  as  this  camp  was 
only  two  miles  from  the  railroad  leading  from  Nash 
ville  to  Chattanooga.  The  stores  were  drawn  at 
Dechard  station,  on  the  road. 

Having  received  a  very  short  allowance  of  rations 
we  again  resumed  our  journey,  on  the  morning  of  the 
12th,  a  very  pleasant  day.  Marched  four  miles,  passed 
a  station  by  name  Corwin,  two  miles  beyond  which 
place  we  came  to  the  foot  of  Raccoon  Mountain.  This 
we  commenced  ascending  at  once,  which  proved  to  be 


CROSSING   RACCOON   MOUNTAIN.  161 

a  very  laborious  task,  and  was  truly  one  of  "  tugs  of 
war,"  but  the  scene  was  entirely  new  to  the  jolly  boys, 
and  they  surmounted  every  obstacle,  passing  many 
good  jokes  relative  to  their  new  adventure.  We  suc 
ceeded  in  crossing,  and  descended  on  the  south  side 
into  a  narrow  valley,  through  which  the  railroad 
passed,  where  we  camped  for  the  night.  The  13th  we 
continued  our  march,  keeping  down  the  same  valley, 
known  as  Crow  Creek  Yalley,  through  which  flowed  a 
bright  stream,  bearing  the  same  name.  We  followed 
this  valley  until  we  came  to  Stevenson,  Ala.,  where  we 
stopped  over  night,  and  where  we  remained  until  the 
afternoon  of  next  day,  when  the  "  assembly  horn"  gave 
notice  that  we  were  to  immediately  march  again.  Ac 
cordingly,  at  1  P.  M.,  we  set  out  along  the  line  of  rail 
road  toward  Chattanooga,  and  camped  at  Bolivar  feta 
tion  the  night  of  the  14th.  We  pressed  forward  on 
the  15th,  and  reached  Bridgeport,  Ala.,  where  we 
pitched  our  tents,  but  were  soon  ordered  to  draw  and 
prepare  three  days'  rations,  and  be  in  readiness  to 
march  at  a  moment's  warning.  Under  such  orders 
we  knew  that  there  was  but  little  use  to  hope  of  resting 
there  long.  Here  the  mounted  detachment  of  our  regi 
ment  left  us.  It  consisted  of  companies  B,  D,  F  and  K. 
It  went  in  the  direction  of  Hunts ville,  where  they  were 
permanently  located,  and  enjoyed  some  good  times. 
Company  H  was  also  on  detached  duty,  leaving  only 
five  companies  in  the  regiment. 

November,  17th.  With  three  days'  rations,  and  a 
scant  supply  of  clothing,  we  marched,  crossing  the 
pontoon  bridge,  at  Bridgeport,  and  went  up  the  rail 
road  to  Shell  Mound,  where  we  turned  to  the  right, 
and  followed  up  a  valley  for  some  distance,  when  we 
began  climbing  Sand  Mountain,  which,  at  that  place, 
was  very  high  and  steep,  making  our  ascent  extremely 
laborious.  We  gained  the  summit,  which  we  found 
14 


162         FOJJTIETII    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INF  ANTSY. 

perfectly  level.  Continued  our  march  until  dark, 
when  we  stopped  by  the  roadside  for  the  night.  Early 
on  the  morning  of  the  18th  we  moved  forward  a  few 
miles  and  joined  the  front  of  our  division.  We  then 
laid  in  a  good  supply  of  ammunition  preparatory  to 
advancing  against  the  enemy,  who  was  thought  not  to 
be  far  distant. 

The  column  marched  at  10  o'clock,  A.  M.,  passed 
down  the  mountain,  and  came  into  Lookout  Valley, 
where  there  were  a  few  Rebels,  but  the  troops  in  ad 
vance  dispersed  them  easily. 

The  Fortieth  descended  also,  but  there  being  nothing 
there  to  do  as  anticipated,  they  went  into  camp,  where 
they  remained  quietly  waiting  further  orders. 

November  19th.  Some  appearance  of  bad  weather, 
and  as  we  had  nothing  to  protect  us  from  a  storm,  the 
boys  were  busily  engaged  in  building  "  shanties." 
But  all  such  improvements  were  immediately  aban 
doned  and  preparations  for  another  movement  were 
commenced.  At  noon  we  took  our  line  of  march  up 
the  Lookout  valley,  proceeded  about  fifteen  miles  arid 
found  a  small  body  of  the  enemy,  who  soon  retired, 
falling  back  on  the  mountain.  We  entered  Johnson 
Gap  and  camped  for  the  night.  Men  were  sent  along 
the  mountain  to  build  fires,  and  soon  hundreds  of 
pleasant  camp  fires  were  burning,  making  sufficient 
show  for  a  very  large  army,  which  completely  deceived 
the  enemy,  making  him  think  there  were  thousands  of 
the  hated  "  Yankees  "  holding  that  gap. 

November  2Qth.  Notwithstanding  our  dangerous 
position,  a  detail  was  sent  out  for  forage,  which  suc 
ceeded  in  bringing  in  some  hogs,  that  were  soon 
slaughtered  and  appropriated  to  satisfy  the  hunger  of 
the  "  Yankee  soldiery."  We  remained  here  quietly 
all  day.  The  Sixth  Iowa  regiment  had  a  small  skir 
mish,  doing  them  some  injury. 


TEAIN    GUARDING.  163 

November  21st.  Without  any  warning,  or  time  to 
prepare  our  breakfasts,  we  were  called  to  march  back, 
after  spending  the  night  quite  uncomfortably  in  a  heavy 
rain.  In  this  unpleasant  condition  we  traveled  all  day 
over  wet  and  slippery  roads,  often  tunes  wading  streams 
greatly  swollen  by  the  rain.  Traveled  the  same  road 
we  did  going  out,  and  reached  Trenton  about  1  o'clock 
p.  M.,  where  we  stopped  and  took  dinner,  then  marched 
eight  miles  farther,  and  camped  greatly  fatigued. 

November  22d.  The  Fortieth  was  detailed  a  train 
guard,  and  required  to  bring  up  the  train  of  the  second, 
third  and  fourth  divisions.  The  entire  command  drew 
one  hundred  rounds  of  cartridge  to  the  man.  The 
column  moved  at  one  o'clock,  and  the  Fortieth  was 
expected  to  bringl  up  the  train,  and  reach  Brown's 
Ferry,  on  the  Tennessee  river,  two  miles  below  Chat 
tanooga,  sometime  during  the  night — seven  miles  dis 
tant.  The  roads  were  desperate,  and  would  have  been 
pronounced  impassable  for  other  than  army  trains. 
The  train  moved  slowly,  and  such  was  the  delay,  the 
regiment  did  not  reach  the  river  until  the  day  follow 
ing  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.  Upon  reaching  the  river  we 
found  the  pontoon  bridge  broken  by  drift,  and  no  pos 
sibility  of  crossing,  except  in  a  small  horse  ierry-boat. 
The  division,  having  crossed  the  evening  before,  had 
moved  some  six  miles  and  bivouaced. 

The  regiment  was  detained  at  the  river  until  night, 
when  Gen.  Corse  sent  Maj.  Hall  a  dispatch,  telling 
him  if  he  desired  to  participate  with  his  regiment  in 
the  fight,  he  must  cross  and  join  the  brigade  immedi 
ately  ;  it  being  determined  that  the  grand  attack  should 
be  made  on  the  following  morning.  Gen.  Ewing.  di 
vision  commander,  also  sent  an  order  for  a  heavy  de 
tail  to  unload  rations  from  wagons  on  the  ferry-boat, 
take  them  across  the  river,  reload  them  into  the  wragons 
on  the  opposite  shore,  and  send  them  forward  to  the 


164  FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

division.  This  work  was  completed  at  ten  o'clock  at 
night,  and  Major  Hall,  having  possession  of  the  boat 
for  the  purpose  above-mentioned,  determined  to  cross 
his  regiment  before  releasing  it,  as  he  had  no  desire 
that  the  fight  should  be  made  and  his  regiment  laying 
behind.  We  made  the  crossing  at  eleven  o'clock  at 
night,  left  the  train,  set  out  to  rejoin  the  brigade  and 
came  up  to  it  at  one  o'clock.  Were  called  up  by  re 
veille  at  three  and  prepared  to  move  immediately. 
The  division  was  ordered  to  begin  crossing  the  Ten 
nessee  river  below  the  mouth  of  the  Chickamauga,  three 
and  a  half  miles  above  Chattanooga,  at  day  light  on 
the  morning  of  the  24th,  and  march  two  and  a  half 
miles  to  the  river,  where  Gen.  Sherman's  command 
was  crossing  in  pontoon  boats.  The  regiment  was 
crossed  over  with  the  division  at  eight  o'clock.  The 
troops  had  been  crossing  since  midnight — two  divisions 
had  crossed  in  advance  of  the  Fourth,  and  had  stolen 
the  enemies  pickets  without  firing  a  gun,  also  two 
officers  of  the  day. 

The  troops  then  marched  one  and  a  half  miles, 
and  rested  three  hours,  when  they  received  orders  to  ad 
vance  immediately  and  take  the  first  hill  of  Mission 
Ridge  at  all  hazards. 

The  column  moved  forward  with  slight  skirmishing, 
and  gained  the  summit  of  the  hill  in  the  face  of  the 
enemy.  They  were  doubtless  preparing,  and  were 
probably  advancing  to  take  possession  of  the  point  we 
had  gained,  but  the  movement  of  our  forces  was  a  little 
too  fast  and  unexpected,  and  the  skirmishers  of  the 
advancing  columns  met  on  the  summit  of  the  hill  ;  the 
enemy,  however,  quickly  retired  to  a  respectful  dis 
tance,  yet  kept  up  a  constant  firing  of -musketry  and 
artillery  from  the  next  ridge,  doing  us  but  little  injury. 
At  once  our  artillery  was  drawn  to  the  top  of  the  hill 


BATTLE    OF   MISSION    RIDGE.  165 

by  hand  and  returned  the  fire,  which  soon  silenced  the 
enemy's  guns  for  the  night. 

All  rested  quietly  for  the  night ;  early  on  the  morn 
ing  of  the  25th  the  Fortieth  was  sent  forward  as  skir 
mishers  from  Gen.  Corse's  brigade,  the  general  in  per 
son  directing  their  operations. 

Maj.  Hall  was  sent  forward  with  the  five  companies 
(all  that  were  present),  with  orders,  if  possible,  to  drive 
the  enemy  from  his  position  and  take  possession  of  his 
works.  Soon  the  roar  of  musketry  and  artillery  gave 
notice  of  a  severe  engagement. 

The  Fortieth  was  ordered  to  charge  the  enemy,  and 
did  so,  driving  him  from  his  position — two  companies 
scaling  the  enemies  outer  works.  This  charge  was 
made  with  heavy  loss  to  the  regiment.  Two  of  Com 
pany  u  A  "  fell  inside  their  works — one  instantly  killed, 
and  the  other  mortal ly  wounded. 

The  enemy,  rallying,  compelled  the  little  band,  num 
bering  only  one  hundred  and  thirty  men,  to  quit  its 
position  and  fall  back  a  few  rods  down  the  hill,  pour 
ing  a  continuous  fire  into  the  enemy's  ranks,  which 
soon  checked  their  pursuit.  The  remainder  of  the 
brigade  was  then  brought  up  to  support  the  skirmish 
ers,  and  a  second  charge  was  ordered,  Gen.  Corse 
leading  in  person.  Again  the  enemy  was  driven,  but, 
before  reaching  the  works,  the  general  fell  severely 
wounded,  and  the  column  again  fell  back  down  the 
hill,  but  the  Fortieth  maintained  their  position  and  di 
rected  such  a  severe  fire  upon  the  enemy  as  to  again 
check,  and  drive  them  back  into  their  defenses.  The 
Fortieth  had  suffered  severely  from  showers  of  grape 
and  canister,  and  musketry  in  each  of  those  charges, 
but  every  man  was  found  willing  to  stand  in  his  lot. 
Though  the  enemy  was  posted  and  fortified  on  the  sum 
mit  of  a  high  hill,  steep  and  rugged  to  climb,  notwith 
standing  the  difficulties  and  disadvantages  under  which 


166          FOKTIETII    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

we  labored,  at  each  command  the  charging  column 
went  cheerfully  forward,  animated  by  the  determina 
tion  to  conqueror  die.  The  regiment,  in  this  day's  en 
gagement,  lost  seven  killed  and  forty-four  wounded, 
nearly  half  their  number. 

The  regiment  remained  on  the  hill  in  front  of  the 
enemy  till  evening,  and,  when  relief  was  sent,  reluct 
antly  gave  way.  Notwithstanding  almost  half  their 
number  had  fallen,  they  were  unwilling  to  yield  their 
position  until  the  enemy  was  driven  from  that  hill. 
Space  will  not  admit  a  sketch  of  the  heroic  daring  of 
many  in  that  little  band,  who  distinguished  themselves 
on  that  dreadful  day.  The  regiment  remained  upon 
the  hill  for  the  night — next  morning  with  orders  to 
pursue  the  Eebels  who  left  during  the  night,  we  started 
forward,  leaving  a  detail  to  bury  the  dead. 

November  26/A.  Started  in  pursuit  of  the  fleeing 
enemy,  crossed  the  Chickarnauga  river  near  its  mouth 
on  the  pontoon  bridge.  Took  down  the  railroad  to 
ward  Atlanta.  Troops  in  the  front  kept  up  considera 
ble  firing  all  day,  as  the  Rebels  stubbornly  retired. 
Many  prisoners  were  taken  through  the  day  and  some 
artillery  and  other  property  were  captured.  We  passed 
through  Ohickamauga  Station  where  the  enemy  had 
abandoned  a  great  amount  of  stores,  which  they  had 
attempted  to  distroy.  Traveled  a  few  miles  beyond 
and  camped  ;  after  building  good  fires  of  rails,  which 
wrere  plenty  there,  we  retired,  to  take  repose  around 
our  warm  fires. 

November  27th.  Early  in  the  morning  we  moved 
onward,  and  over  very  bad  roads  ;  we  arrived  at  Gray- 
ville,  a  small  village  on  the  railroad,  where  we  went 
into  camp  and  began  to  prepare  our  evening's  meal 
from  some  commissary  stores,  drawn  from  the  Ilebel 
citizens  in  that  vicinity. 

November  2Sth.     The  day  was  spent  here.     All  the 


MAKCH  THROUGH  TENNESSEE.          167 

machine  shops,  mills,  etc.,  were  destroyed,  and,  in  obed 
ience  to  the  general's  orcfer,  u  h — 1  was  played  gen 
erally  ;"  the  Sixth  Iowa  Infantry  being  the  most  expert 
in  the  latter  business,  was  detailed  to  execute  that  sin 
gular  order.  Stormy,  bad  weather,  which  was  very 
unpleasant  to  soldier  boys  not  having  any  shelter. 

November  29/A.  Again  we  were  on  the  march, 
though  in  a  different  direction,  traveling  northward, 
toward  Cleveland.  The  air  was  quite  cool  and  we 
pushed  along,  making  good  speed,  arriving  at  Cleve 
land  in  the  evening,  being  a  distance  of  twenty-five 
miles. 

November  30/7i.  Remained  quiet  until  about  noon, 
when  we  inarched  through  the  village,  where  the  citi 
zens  seemed  greatly  rejoiced  to  see  "  live  Yankees," 
the  Union  defenders,  and  made  great  Union  demon 
strations.  Camped  for  the  night  near  Charleston, 
Tenn.  This  town  is  pleasantly  situated  on  the 
Hiwautha  river,  and  is  a  small  place  of  but  little  im 
portance. 

December  1st.  Crossed  the  river  and  marched  to 
Athens,  Tenn.,  where  we  camped — nothing  worthy  of 
special  note  having  occurred.  Rations  were  extremely 
short  and  we  were  compelled  to  depend  on  the  country 
for  subsistence.  Accordingly,  foraging  parties  were 
detailed  and  sent  into  the  country  along  the  line  of 
march  to  collect  anything  that  was  suitable  for  food. 
By  these  means  we  were  tolerably  well  supplied. 

December  %d.  WG  resumed  our  journey  at  an  early 
hour,  and  marched  very  hard  until  after  dark,  when, 
coming  up  to  the  troops  in  our  advance,  we  were 
obliged  to  wait  sometime  for  the  road  to  become  clear. 
Finally  we  camped  near  Philadelphia,  very  much  fa 
tigued. 

December  3d.  Marched  out  and  passed  through  the 
town,  and  reached  the  Tennessee  river,  opposite  Mor- 


168          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

gantown,  about  two  o'clock.  Here  the  Pioneer  Corps 
was  rapidly  erecting  a  temporary  bridge,  over  which 
the  troops  might  pass.  Remained  in  camp  near  the 
river  until  the  evening  of  the  4th,  when  the  bridge 
was  completed,  and  we  crossed  over  without  any  diffi 
culty.  We  only  inarched  a  short  distance  when  we 
stopped  over  night. 

December  5th.  There  was  a  heavy  rain  during  the 
afternoon,  which  made  traveling  very  laborious  and 
uncomfortable  ;  but  the  hardy  little  band  unyieldingly 
pressed  on,  assured  that  their  brothers  in  arms  of  the 
Department  of  the  Ohio,  greatly  needed  their  services, 
for  which  purpose  they  endured  all  the  toil  without  a 
murmer.  After  a  hard  day's  march  we  arrived  at 
Maryville,  greatly  wearied  and  almost  exhausted  for 
food. 

December  6th.  Remained  in  camp  at  the  same  place 
all  day,  with  but  little  occurring,  and  received  a  very 
short  allowance  of  rations.  It  was  here  learned  that 
our  journey  toward  Knoxville  was  unnecessary,  and 
that  we  should  return  to  Chattanooga  as  soon  as  pos 
sible,  where  we  might  get  supplies,  which  we  greatly 
needed,  as  many  were  much  in  need  of  clothing. 

December  7th.  We  returned  to  Morgantown  over 
the  same  road  we  came,  and  camped  there  for  the 
night. 

December  8th.  A  bad  state  of  weather  caused  our 
march  during  the  day  to  be  extremely  difficult.  We 
were  ordered  to  go  by  way  of  Taliquah  Plains,  and  set 
out  in  that  direction,  but  only  marched  twelve  miles. 

December  9th.  At  an  early  hour  we  began  our 
march,  but  were  soon  ordered  to  change  our  direction, 
and  move  by  way  of  Madison ville,  which  order  was 
obeyed,  and  we  reached  that  place  and  passed  two 
miles  beyond,  where  we  camped  for  the  night. 

December  IQth.    Very   pleasant  weather,   and  our 


ARRIVAL   AT    BRIDGEPORT.  169 

journeying  was  quite  agreeable.  After  a  good  day's 
travel,  we  encamped  near  Athens,  coming  to  the  road 
on  which  we  went  out.  We  remained  in  the  vicinity 
of  Athens,  with  nothing  of  importance  occurring,  until 
the  morning  of  the  14th,  when  we  again  took  up  the 
line  of  march  back  over  the  road  we  came.  We  reached 
and  camped  on  the  north  side  of  Hiawatha  river,  at 
Calhoun,  opposite  Charlestown. 

December  15th.  We  marched  to  Cleveland  in  good 
time,  and  went  two  miles  beyond,  where  AVC  camped. 
Are  now  following  the  line  of  railroad  leading  from 
Chattanooga  to  Cleveland.  There  are  many  citizens 
in  this  locality  who  are  truly  loyal  to  the  Union,  and, 
in  fact,  many  through  the  country  we  have  passed  gave 
unmistakable  evidences  of  genuine  loyalty.  Nothing 
afforded  more  pleasure  to  the  weary  "  Union  soldier 
boy"  than  the  beautiful  sight  of  one  of  the  blooming 
Union  girls  of  East  Tennessee,  pioudly  waving  the 
stars  and  stripes— a  sight  that  awakened  the  memory 
of  better  days,  when  all  delighted  in  that  proud 
standard. 

Dec.  16th.  Marched  in  the  morning  down  the  rail 
road,  but  a  rain  hindered  us,  and  we  camped  near  a 
small  town  or  station,  Ultawaugh,  which  was  only 
fifteen  miles  from  Chattanooga. 

Dec.  17th.  Notwithstanding  the  inclemency  of  the 
weather,  when  the  regiment  started,  the  boys  made 
good  time,  marching  to  Chattanooga  by  noon. 

Dec.  18th.  Drew  some  rations  and  prepared  to  con 
tinue  our  journey  by  marching  to  Bridgeport,  Set  out 
and  traveled  quite  rapidly,  camping  for  the  night  near 
Shell  Mound.  The  next  day  we  reached  Bridgeport, 
crossing  the  river  on  the  pontoon  bridge,  and  going 
into  camp  near  the  railroad,  when  we  got  possession 
of  our  tents,  which  we  soon  erected,  and  slept  in  the'm 
once  more,  for  the  first  time  in  a  long  while.  Rations 
15 


170          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER   INFANTKY. 

were  immediately  procured  in  great  abundance,  and 
the  hungry  and  weary  soldiers  were  quickly  feasting 
on  the  luxuries  of  a  bountiful  meal  of  army  grub.  All 
were  soon  supplied  with  plenty  of  clothing,  or  any 
articles  they  needed,  furnished  by  our  good  Govern 
ment  ;  we  remained  here  five  days,  and  having  got 
things  properly  arranged,  again  set  out  for  the  place 
assigned  us  for  winter  quarters. 

Marched  on  the  24th,  and  camped  at  Stevenson,  Ala., 
where  we  stopped  over  Christmas  day,  nothing  unusual 
transpiring  during  the  holiday. 

Dec.  26th.  Moved  down  the  railroad  toward  Hunts- 
ville  only  four  miles,  when  the  regiment  was  detailed 
to  assist  a  wagon  train  in  getting  over  desperate  roads. 
This  detained  us,  and  we  did  not  reach  our  place  of 
destination  until  the  28th,  when  we  arrived  and  Damped 
at  Scottsborough,  Ala.,  sixteen  miles  west  of  Steven 
son.  We  at  once  commenced  the  erection  of  suitable 
lodgings,  in  which  to  pass  the  winter.  The  mounted 
detachment  of  the  Fortieth,  which  had  been  having 
exceedingly  good  times,  was  soon  with  us  again.  In 
telligence  was  received  that  Lieut.  Col.  R.  S.  Barnhill 
would  soon  rejoin  and  take  command  of  the  regiment, 
which  was  glad  news,  for  he  is  greatly  beloved  by  all, 
notwithstanding  his  long  absence,  and  will  be  wel 
comed  back  again.  The  excitement  in  regard  to  the 
re-enlistment  into  the  veteran  corps  grew  very  great, 
and  ^the  result  was  that  the  war-worn  old  Fortieth 
joined  the  veteran  corps  as  a  body. 

For  the  strength  of  the  regiment,  and  the  number 
that  re-enlisted,  see  next  chapter. 


CONCLUSION. 


CHAPTER    XIY. 

Rc-enlistment—  Summary  of    Casualties,    Deaths,  etc.—  Regiments    in 
Brigade  —  Conclusion. 

ON  the  1st  day  of  January,  1864,  the  regiment,  as 
an  organization,  re-enlisted  in  the  veteran  service  for 
an  additional  term  of  three  years. 

The  aggregate  at  the  date  of  re-enlistment  was  M3. 
The  aggregate  of  re-enlistments,  345. 
Eemaining  to  serve  the  original  term  of  enlistment, 
two  commissioned  officers  and  96  men. 

Casualties,  during  two  years  and  five  months  ser 

vice,       -  19g 

Deaths,  261 

Discharged,       -  -         ...  17 

Transferred  to  other  commands,          -         -  £ 

Missing  in  action  and  desertions,  -  17 

Thus  was  this  noble  regiment,  repeatedly  decimated, 

till,  to-day,  less    than    half  of   its    original    number 

stand  in  the  ranks.  .  «* 

Peace  to  the  memory  of  the  faithful  and  departed. 
Having  been  so  long  and  closely  connected  with  the 
the  Forty-sixth  Eegiment  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry, 
and  the  Sixth  Regiment  Iowa  Volunteer  Infantry,  be 
ing  brigaded  with  them,  the  Fortieth  feels  very  much 
attached  to  them,  and  cherishes  for  them  the  kindest 
regards.  With  the  gallant  Forty-sixth  Ohio  and  Sixth 
Iowa,  we  endured  many  trials  of  toil  and  peril,  and  by 
that  means,  became  exceedingly  intimate,  and  will  re 
main  so  while  it  may  be  our  fortune  to  meet  the  vile 
enemy  of  our  country  side  by  side. 

In  the  battle  of  Mission  Ridge,  all  the  regiments  in 
the  brigade  distinguished  themselves  alike  for  daring 
and  gallantry  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Corse. 
There  our  loved  sister  regiment,  the  Hundred-and- 


172          FORTIETH    ILLINOIS    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY. 

Third  Illinois,  nobly  displayed  great  courage,  and  again 
demonstrated  that  the  Illinois  soldiery  are  true  as  steel 
to  the  glorious  banner  of  our  Union. 

May  the  noble  regiments  of  this  brigade  continue  to 
battle  manfully  for  the  right,  and  receive  the  honor 
they  so  richly  deserve.  Two  years  and  a  half  have 
passed  since  the  Fortieth  entered  the  service,  and  but 
few  of  its  members  have  been  permitted  to  leave  the 
field  and  visit  their  homes  ;  but  been  subject  to  vigor 
ous  discipline,  and  have  undergone  'all  the  horrors  of 
war  ;  yet,  when  our  wise  President  thought  it  expedi 
ent  to  retain  the  old  and  tried  troops  in  the  field,  and 
offered  them  some  inducements  to  remain,  as  well  as 
convinced  them  that  it  was  yet  necessary,  they  cheer 
fully  and  promptly  responded  by  re-enlisting  for  three 
years.  After  only  a  short  visit  to  their  homes,  and  its 
dear  ones,  they  will  again  place  themselves  in  the 
enemy's  front,  a  strong  bulwark  against  the  mighty 
flow  of  vile  treason.  Here,  dear  reader,  we  must  leave 
you,  and  when  this  cruel  war  is  over,  and  our  dear 
cause  is  triumphant,  your  friends  of  the  brave  old  For 
tieth  will  return  to  your  homes  and  firesides,  with  grate 
ful  hearts,  that,  through  the  kind  interposition  of  Prov 
idence,  they  are  with  you  to  enjoy  the  blessings  of  a 
free  and  noble  Government,  so  firmly  established  at 
the  cost  of  blood. 


APPENDIX. 

RECORD  OF  EVERY  MEMBER  OF  THE  REGIMENT. 

(The  names  thus  °  designated  did  not  re-enlist.) 
COMPANY  «  A"— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 
Captain  H.  W.  Hall,  promoted  to  major,  January  13,  1863. 
First  Lieut.  F.  J.  Carpenter,  resigned,  November  15,  1861. 
Second  Lieut.  B.  W.  Harrelson,  promoted  first  lieutenant,  Nov.  15,  1861, 
and  to  captain,  Jan.  13,  1863. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 
First  Sergt.  Wm.  B.  Heard,   promoted   to   second  lieutenant,   Nov.   22, 

1862,  and  to  first  lieutenant,  Jan.  13,  1863. 
Second  Sergt.  C.  A.  Johnson,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,  March  23,  1862, 

and  to  second  lieutenant,  Nov.  25,  1863,  wounded. 
Third  Sergt.  Wm.  C.  Moore,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,  July  1,  1863. 
Fourth  Sergt.  James  M.  Benbrook,  discharged,  July  2,  1862. 
Fifth  Sergt.  John  McLain,  promoted  to  second  sergeant,  Nov.  15,  1862, 
and  discharged  Oct.  5, 1862,  on  account  of  wounds  received  in  action' 
at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
First  Corporal  C.  W.  Byard. 

Second  Corporal  J.  II.  McCormick,  promoted  to   fifth  sergeant,  Oct.  10, 
!62,  was  wounded  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862,  and   discharged  January 
13,  1863. 
Third  Corporal  John  Miller,  reduced  to  ranks  by  his  own  request.    Died 

Nov.  27,  1863,  of  wounds  redeived  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Fourth  Corporal  Oliver  P.  Kelly,  promoted  to  fifth  sergeant,  October  25, 

1863,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Fifth  Corporal  John  Cullens,  reduced  to  the  ranks  by  his  own  request. 
Sixth  Corporal  Wm.  L.  McLain,  was  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh   Tenn 

April  6,  1862.     Died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  July  24,  1862. 
Seventh  Corporal  L.  W.  Crerneans,  discharged,  Sept.  4,  1862. 
Eighth  Corporal  John  M.  Braden,  discharged,  March  15, 1862. 

MUSICIANS. 

John  Metheny,  transferred  to  "Marine  Brigade." 
F.  D.  Burlison. 

PRIVATES. 

R.  J.  Atwood,  killed,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

W.  Anderson,  appointed  to  first  corporal,  April  9,  1862,  and  to  third 
sergeant,  May  1,  1862. 


174:  APPENDIX. 

Wm.  F.  Barnes. 

Chas.  E.  Banes. 

Robert  D.  Banes,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1802. 

A.  N.  Banes,  died  of  disease,  Feb.  4,  1864. 

Aaron  Burlison. 

John  Bolster,  wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Chas.  Bilderback. 

Harrison  Bowlin. 

Jeremiah  Bnllins,  died  in  Hamilton  county,  111.,  May  29,  1862. 

M.  A.  Back,  discharged,  Nov.  14,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  received 

at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
C.  S.  Back,  discharged,  March  5,  1863. 
J.  W.  Boyd. 

S.  F.  Boyd,  died  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  July  3,  1862. 
°Wm.  Boyd. 
Russell  W.  Boyd. 

Wm.  L.  Back,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 
George  W.  Brady. 
Wm.  Cook,  killed,  Nov.  25.  1863. 
John  H.  Corn,  discharged,  Jan.  24,  1862. 

Charles  Chaplain,  discharged,  Aug.  18,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  re 
ceived  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Thomas  W.  Clark,  died  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Sept.  17,  1862. 
James  Clark,  discharged,  Aug.  18,  1862. 
N.  Canada,  captured,  November,  1863. 
John  Capp,  discharged,  Sept.  14,  1862. 
Wm.  G.  Cook,  transferred  to  Company  F,  Sept.  6,  1861. 
Wm.  T.  Cremeans,  discharged,  Oct.  14,  1862. 
G.  Duckworth,  appointed  fourth  corporal,  Oct.  17,  1862. 
Thomas  C.  Darnell,  wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Wm.  J.  Darnell,  wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Thomas  J.  Dewitt,  transferred  to  Company  F,  Fortieth  111.  Vols. 
Isaac  Fann. 

Hiram  Fann,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Sept.  24,  1861. 
°George  Hunt,  appointed  second  corporal,  Sept.  20.  1862,  and  fifth  ser 
geant,  Aug.  19,  1863. 

A.  J.  Hunt,  wounded  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  July  16,  1863. 
J.  T.  Hunt,  wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
John  F.  Hall,  appointed  fifth  sergeant,  Jan.  31,  1862,   and   died  at  La 

Grange,  Tenn.,  May  21,  1863. 
Martin  L.  Hall,  appointed  corporal,  May  1,  1862,  and  promoted  to  third 

sergeant,  May  27,  1863,  killed  Nov.  25,  1863. 
James  H.  Hall,  transferred  to  Marine  Brigade. 
°John  W.  Hamilton. 
R.  M.  Harrelson,  appointed  seventh  corporal,  Dec.  1,  1862,  and  dis 

charged  Feb.  1863. 
Win.  Heard. 
Thomas  Heard. 


APPENDIX.  175 

Isaac  Hatchet,  discharged,  March  17,  1863. 

Henry  II.  Haley,  deserted  at  Davis'  Mills,  Miss.,  Feb.  21,  1863. 

Henry  II.  Irwin,  discharged,  July  3,  1862. 

T.  J.  Ingram,  discharged,  Dec.  3,  1862. 

C.  C.  Johnson,  appointed  fifth  corporal,  April  9,  1862,  and  died  at  Mem 
phis,  Tenn.,  Nov.  27,  1862. 

L.  A.  Johnson,  wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

A.  B.  Johnson. 

II.  R.  Johnson,  wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

R.  J.  Johnson,  appointed  corporal.  April  10,  1862.  and  died  at  Mos* 
cow,  Tenn.,  July  ],  1862. 

Jas.  A.  Johnson,  wounded,  Nov.  26,  1863. 

M.  L.  Johnson,  died  at  Helena,  Ark.,  Oct.  8,  1863. 

John  Knight. 

Joseph  Knight,  deserted  at  Davis*  Mills,  Miss.,  April  8,  1863. 

James  Kinney,  transferred  to  Invalid  Corps. 

Creed  A.  Lay. 

John  Langley,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  14,  1861. 

John  Lampley,  discharged,  Sept.  10,  1862. 

James  McLain,  died  of  disease  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  1863, 

llobert  McLain,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Dec.  12,  1862. 

°Cornelius  Mezo,  wounded,  July  11,  1863. 

Peter  W.  Manning,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  20,  1862. 

Joel  B.  More,  appointed  fourth  corporal,  May  27,  1863. 

Samuel  Martin,  transferred  by  promotion  to  First  West  Tenn.  Regiment, 
African  Descent,  or  A.  D. 

Wm.  A.  Metcalf,  discharged,  Nov.  4,  1862. 

Win.  H.  Mooreman,  died  at  Smithland,  Ky.,  Dec.  2,  1861. 

Miles  McCowin,  discharged,  Aug.  18,  1862. 

John  Ornts. 

Henry  Oglesby,  discharged,  Sept.  1863. 

Joseph  Oneal,  died  at  Monterey,  Tenn.,  June  11,  1862. 

C.  P.  Oglesby,  transferred  to  Marine  Brigade. 

Wm.  B.  Paschal,  discharged,  March  1,  1862. 

Robert  Page,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  7,  1862. 

Wm.  H.  Pittman,  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 

L.  D.  Pittman,  discharged,  Feb.  16,  1863. 

John  II.  Phillips,  appointed  fifth  sergeant,  Jan.  1,  1862,  transferred  to 
Invalid  Corps. 

S.  W.  Page. 

Thomas  Richardson,  transferred  to  Invalid  Corps. 

Moses  A.  Rolston,  discharged,  Feb.  1863. 

Moses  Robinson,  transferred  to  Company  C,  Fortieth  111.  Volunteers, 
Sept.  1,  1861. 

Moses  J.  Simms,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  and  on  July  15,  1863. 

James  F.  Smith. 

°M.  P.  Sullingor. 

Jeremiah  Scaggs,  discharged,  Sept.  4,  1862. 


176  APPENDIX. 

Wm.  B.  Shirley,  transferred  to  Company  F,  Fortieth  111.  Vols. 

L.  W.  Taylor,  died,  June  7,  1862. 

Hosea  H.  Vice,  appointed  third  corporal,  May  27,  1863. 

A.  M.  Vice,  died  in  Hamilton  county,  111.,  May  20,  1862. 

James  L.  Walker,  discharged,  Sept.  8,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  re 
ceived  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 

R.  Whighington,  transferred  to  Company  F,  Fortieth  111.  Volunteers, 
September  6,  1861. 

COMPANY  "B."— COMMISSIONED  OFFICEKS. 

Capt.  Wm.  T.  Sprouse,  resigned,  Aug.  4,  1863. 

First  Lieut.  Joshua  Goodwin,  resigned,  May  31,  1863. 

Second  Lieut.  Elijah  D.  Martin,  resigned,  1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

First  Sergt.  Benjamin  F.  Davison,  discharged,  1SG2. 

Second  Sergt.  Daniel  Keen,  discharged,  1862. 

Third  Sergt.  Robert  Perkins,  discharged,  Oct.  4,  1862. 

Fourth  Sergt.  George  W.  Mitchell,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Fifth  Sergt.  Elias  Neil,  discharged — date  unknown. 

0  First  Corporal  John  F.  Lyons. 

0  Second  Corporal  Henry  H.  Wolfe. 

Third  Corporal  Wm.  R.  Lynch. 

Fourth  Corporal  John  W.  Springer,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  and  dis 
charged  in  consequence. 

Fifth  Corporal  James  M.  Keaton. 

Sixth  Corporal  Thomas  F.  Rogers,  discharged,  November  18,  1862. 

Seventh  Corporal  James  J.  Brown,  died,  August  6,  1862,  at  Memphis, 
Tennessee. 

Eighth  Corporal  Charles  M.  See. 

MUSICIANS. 
0  Robert  P.  Marion. 
Isaac  Young,  promoted  chief  musician,  September  1,  1862. 

PRIVATES. 

Hiram  F,  Arnold,  wounded,  July  16,  1863,  near  Jackson,  Mississippi. 

George  N.  Arnold,  appointed  fifth  sergeant,  January  27,  1862. 

John  Alldridge,  discharged,  March  7,  1863. 

0  Lorenzo  Dow  Allman. 

James  S.  Anderson,  discharged,  March  23,  1862. 

William  S.  Barnett. 

Benjamin  E.  Baldwin,  was  wounded,  April  7,  1862. 

James  II.  Brown,  died  of  wounds  received  April  6,  1862. 

0  James  J.  Ball. 

John  A.  Clayter,  discharged,  July  25,  1862. 

McCager  Clayer,  discharged,  February  3,  1862. 


APPENDIX.  177 

William  H.  Craig. 

Willis  A.  Coinpton,  died  in  Clay  county,  Illinois,  date  unknown. 

0  Miles  Chapman. 

°L.  A.  Chapman. 

Joseph  Dilley. 

Frederick  Deety,  died  at  Paducah,  Kentucky,  December  11,  1861. 

James  Davis,  transferred  to  Marine  Brigade. 

William  F.  Eagan. 

Charles  Edwards,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  date  unknown. 

William  W.  Eastland,  discharged,  December  10,  1861,  at  Paducah,  Ky. 

Samuel  Ellison,  discharged,  March  23,  1862. 

Henry  V.  Edwards,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh. 

0  George  Fisher,  wounded,  July  12,  1863,  near  Jackson,  Miss. 

John  Fisher,  died,  Nov.  25,  1862,  at  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Absolem  Fender. 

Valentine  Fender,  died,  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  25,  1861. 

Isaac  Fogler,  died,  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  16,  1861. 

Wesley  M.  French,  transferred  to  Company  "  II,"  Fortieth,  111.,  Sept. 
14,  1861. 

Wilson  Gardner. 

Nabum  W.  Gibbs,  discharged,  date  unknown. 

°John  C.  Gill. 

Calvin  Gardner. 

Elias  S.  Gibson,  transferred  to  Company  "II,"  Fortieth,  111.,  Sept.  12, 

1861. 

Robert  D.  Griffin,  accidentally  disabled,  and  discharged  while  at  Padu 
cah,  Ky.,  Feb.  9,  1862. 
Allen  W.  Hefton. 

King  D.  Henry,  discharged,  March  9,  1863. 
John  R.  Higgerson,  appointed  fifth  corporal,  Nov.  24,  1862. 
Van  Rensallaer  R.  Ileustis,  appointed  sixth  corporal,  Nov.  24,  1862. 
Bruce  II.  Hatten. 
William  T.  Hamilton,  transferred  to  Company  "II,"  Fortieth  111.,  Sept. 

1,  1861. 

Francis  M.  Haley,  discharged,  1862. 
Richard  M.  Humble,  transferred  by  promotion. 
John  F.  Jarrett,  wounded,  April  G,  1862,  discharge,  Nov.  7,  1862. 
John  L.  Jones. 

Francis   F.   Johnson,  appointed  fourth   sergeant,  Sept.  1862,  and  dis 
charged,  Sept.  1863. 

Albert  C.  Johnson,  died  at  Hainc's  Bluffs,  Miss.,  July  5,  1863. 
David  Jones. 

James  Keen,  discharged— date  unknown. 
0  Watson  Kane. 

George  W.  Loveless,  discharged,  Nov.  18,  1862. 
William  C,  Lack,  discharged,  Nov.  21,  1863. 
Silas  Lack,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  17,  1861. 
0  James  T.  Lynch. 


178  APPENDIX. 

Henry  W.  Lape,  discharged,  Feb.  11,  1862. 
Christopher  Listenburgher,  discharged,  Nov.  21,  1861. 
0  Hiram  J.  Morgan,  wounded  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  July  12,  1863. 
Richard  Markle. 
Henry  D.  Mahon. 
James  A.  McDaniel. 
Calvin  A.  Morris. 

Robert  G.  Nance,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Sept.  12,  1862,  was  promoted 
to  second  lieut.,  Nov.  23,  1862,  and  promoted  to  captain,  Aug.  4, 1863- 
Columbus  Nixon,  discharged,  June  31,  1863. 
James  A.  Nevins,  discharged,  Dec.  13,  1861. 
0  Solomon  Osborne. 
John  Perkins,  appointed  third  sergeant  Sept.  12,  1862,  and  promoted  to 

first  sergeant,  Oct.  1,  1863. 
Amos  Parks. 

Jacob  Parks,  discharged — date  unknown. 

David  K.  Pruitt. 

Joseph  AY.  Powell,  deserted,  Aug.  14,  1862. 

Charles  G.  Pearson. 

John  Perry,  discharged,  March  7,  1863. 

Riley  Pressgroves,  died  of  disease — date  unknown. 

Jesse  Phipps,  deserted,  Aug.  19,  1861. 

George  W.  Rogers,  discharged,  Nov.  18, 1863. 

Samuel  Reed,  discharged,  Nov.  18,  1863. 

Joseph  Shaefer,  was  wounded  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  7,  1862. 

Amos  Rees,  discharged,  March  23,  1863. 

William  D.   Sprouse,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Nov.  24,  1862,  and  pro 
moted  a  first  lieutenant  Nov.  1,  1S63. 

George  B.  Sprouse. 

Roland  H.  Sprouse,  discharged,  Nov.  18,  1863. 

Robert  S.  Sprouse. 

Benjamin  F.  Simpson. 

Samuel  B.  Stokely,  appointed  sergeant  major,  Dec.  1,  1863. 

Benjamin  F.  Siberts,  deserted,  Aug.  19,  1861. 

Jacob  Y.  Underwood. 

Joseph  Wiley,  wounded,  April  7,  1862. 

Silas  Williamson,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh. 

Conrad  Whitman,  died  at  Camp  Sherman,  Miss.,  Sept.  18,  1863. 

Jacob  II.  Wiggins,  died  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  Aug.  2,  1862. 

0  Rilen  M.  Walsh,  was  wounded,  July  16,  1863. 

0  Clinton  Wolfe. 

George  W.  Wallace,  was  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 

COMPANY  "  C  "—COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 

Capt.  Elias  Stuart,  resigned,  May  15,  1862. 
First  Lieut.  Samuel  S.  Emery,  resigned,  Oct.  21,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  William  Merritt,  promoted  to  captain  May  5,  1862,  and 
resigned. 


APPENDIX.  179 


NON-COMMISSIONED. 

First  Sergeant  William  S.  McMillin,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn., 

April  6,  1862. 
Second  Sergt.  James  Fields,  promoted  second  lieutenant,  Oct.  21,  1862, 

promoted  first  lieutenant,  Nov.  21,  1862,  and  promoted  captain,  Nov. 

4,  1863. 

Third  Sergt.  Ephraim  Merritt,  discharged,  June  4,  1863. 
Fourth  Segt.  John  Phipps,  promoted  second   lieutenant,  May  15,  1862, 

and  promoted  first  lieutenant,  Oct.  21,  1862,  and  died  at  Davis'  Mill, 

Miss.,  April  1,  1863. 

Fifth  Sergt.  Tilford  Taylor,  discharged,  April  21,  1862. 
First  Corporal  James  Merritt,  discharged,  Aug.  18,  1862. 
Second  Corporal  John  M.  Garrison,  appointed  fifth  sergeant,  Aug.  1863, 
'  was  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Third  Corporal  John  Fields. 

Fourth  Corporal  David  Ranldn,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6, 1862. 
Fifth  Corporal  Jacob  Hunsinger,  discharged,  Oct.  1862. 
Sixth  Corporal  Sam.  R.  Mahar,  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  '62. 
Seventh  Corporal  Benjamin  J.  Ritchey. 
Eighth  Corporal  William  II.  Berry,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

MUSICIANS. 

Alfred  Baker,  discharged,  Aug.  20,  1861. 
John  McKenzie,  discharged,  Dec.  18,  1861. 

PRIVATES. 

William  Arterberry,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  12,  1862. 
George  W.  Akers,  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862, 

died — time  unknown. 
George  L.  Borah. 

John  P.  Birchfield,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 
0  William  Barnett. 
Johnson  Barton. 

Richard  Burton,  discharged — time  unknown. 
Joseph  TV.  Bond,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.— time  unknown. 
TV.  P.  Carter,  discharged,  Aug.  18,  1862. 
Francis  Chambers,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  March  6,  1862. 
°John  H.  Curnell. 

Henry  T.  Curnell,  wounded  in   action   at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April   6,  1862. 
William  Cain. 

George  TV.  Cain,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  7,  1862. 
0  Elijah  Craven,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,    1863. 
Morgan  Dirweese,  discharged,  1862. 
Zacheus  Daniel,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 
James  W.  Damron,  promoted  second  sergeant,  March  15,  1863. 
Charles  Damron. 


180  APPENDIX. 

Charles  Davis,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

James  Darby,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

James  II.  Edwards,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky. — date  unknown. 

Samuel  Endecott,  discharged,  April,  1803. 

Benjamin  F.  Fowler,  wounded  in  action,  July  6,  1863. 

John  Fields. 

James  A.  Foley. 

Elijah  Fulkerson,  discharged,  Jan.  10,  1862. 

Andrew  J.  Frasier,  discharged,  March  27,  1862. 

Raleigh  Fallen,  deserted,  April  10,  1863. 

John  E.  Hopson,  appointed  third  sergeant,  September  8, 1862. 

Alexander  S.  Hall. 

Peter  C.   Harrell,   wounded  in   action   at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862, 

;    died  at  the  Russell  House,  Tenn.,  May  24,  1862. 

Z.  S.  Hunsinger,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  April  15,  1862,  of  wounds  re 
ceived  at  Shiloh,  April,  1862. 

Humphrey  Harrison,  discharged,  March  27,  1862. 

Absolem  J.  Kirby,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863,  and  died  Dec.  2, 
1863. 

William  P.  Johnson,  died  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  July  14,  1862. 

0  John  R.  Laws. 

0  William  B.  Laws. 

John  M.  Lightfoot. 

Elisha  McDowell,  appointed  first  corporal,  Aug.  20,  1863. 

William  P.  McKnight. 

George  B.  McCall,  died  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  July  16,  1803. 

William  J.  Meeks,  died  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  15, 1862. 

Jeremiah  Morris,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 

Hiram  Morris,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

Minor  Morris,  died  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  July  4,  1862. 

James  P.  Morgan,  discharged,  March  27,  1862. 

James  T.  Newman,  was  discharged  for  crime,  and  is  now  suffering  the 
penalty. 

John  N.  Null. 

William  R.  Nation. 

John  R.  Nelson,  wounded  in  action,  April  7,  1862. 

Joseph  II.  Nelson,  deserted,  Nov.  25,  1862. 

John  Pyle,  discharged — date  unknown. 

0  Joshua  Pennington. 

Joshua  Phipps,  died  at  La  Grange,  Tenn.,  April,  17,  1863. 

Ira  Reeves. 

Peter  Renfroe. 

William  H.  Rose,  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862, 
and  at  Mission  Ridge,  Tenn.,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Thomas  B.  Rose,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Sept.  25,  1861. 

Moses  Robinson. 

Eli  R.  Rader. 

Isaac  F.  Steed. 


APPENDIX. 

Cornelius  Simpson,  discharged,  April  1,  1863. 

Daniel  Simpson,  died  of  wounds  received  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April,  1832, 

at  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Alfred  Simpson. 
0  Ephraim  W.  Slocumb. 
Solomon  Upton. 

James  B.  Upton,  discharged— time  unknown. 
William  A.  Washington,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Nov.  25,  1862. 
Matthew  A.  Wilson. 

Samuel  M.  Wallace,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Hall  R.  Webb,  died  of  wounds  received  at  Shiloh,  Tenn 
John  W.  White. 
Charles  II.  White.   • 
Wm.  W.  H.  White. 
Carr  E.  Warthen,  died  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  of  wounds  received  at  Shiloh 

April  6,  1862. 

Samuel  Williams,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
John  York,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6    1862 
Eli  York. 


COMPANY  "  D."— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 
Capt.  Samuel  Hooper,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn,  April  6,  1862. 
First  Lieut.  William  Stewart,  promoted  captain,  April  6,  1862. 
Second  Lieut,  Joseph  P.  Rider,  resigned,  June  10,  1862.  ' 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

First  Sergt.  A.  Humes  Baker,  discharged,  June  10,  1862. 

Second   Sergt.   William  C.  Murphy,  wounded  in  action,  April   6,  1862, 
promoted  first  lieutenant,  Aug.  4,  1862. 

0  Third  Sergt.- Adam  II.  Moffitt. 

Fourth  Sergt.  G.Jasper  George,  promoted  second  lieut.,  April  6,  1862. 

Fifth  Sergt.  William  II.  Merritt,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

First  Corporal   Benjamin  H.  Hearn,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862 

promoted  first  sergeant,  June  1,  1852. 

Second  Corporal  Chesterfield  Files,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 
0  Third  Corporal  Joseph  F.  Thomason. 
Fourth  Corporal  Zepheniah  Matthews. 

Fifth  Corporal  Samuel  R.  Berg,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 
0  Sixth  Corporal  Obie  H.  Owen. 

Seventh  Corporal  William  D.  Powell,  discharged,  July  2,  1862. 
Eighth  Corporal  William  G.  Files,  promoted  fourth  sergt.,  June  24,  '62. 

MUSICIANS. 

John  Reneer,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
0  Charles  Hawkins,  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 


182  APPENDIX. 


PRIVATES. 

Andrew  J.  Allison,  was  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Thomas  Behymer,  discharged,  July  6,  18G2. 

Arthur  Bradshaw,  promoted  fifth  sergeant,  Nov.  25,  1862. 

0  Lloyd  Borah. 

William  C.  Borah,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  September  3,  1861. 

Joseph  W.  Borah,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

George  Baird,  killed  in  action,  April  6.  1862. 

Samuel  A.  Babitt,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 

John  T.  Boyd. 

William  M.  Bates,  discharged,  July  30,  1862. 

William  Butler. 

Joseph  I).  Conn,  died  of  wounds  received  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 

William  Cook. 

Henry  Chapman,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

Thomas  Curry,  discharged,  Sept.  27,  1861. 

Samuel  Chapman. 

Stephen  Crundwell. 

Obie  II.  Copeland,  discharged,  Feb.  12,  1862. 

James  Colbert,  discharged,  Aug.  22,  1862. 

Alfred  W.  Daisey. 

John  Done,  discharged — time  unknown. 

Van  Davis. 

°James  T.  Ellis. 

James  Ellsworth,  died  at  Fairfield,  111.— date  unknown. 

°John  G.  Files. 

°Marion  Files,  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

Adam  Files,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

°Peter  J.  Files. 

Hampton  W.  Farmer,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

George  Gray,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

James  Heearn,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

Kyan  Harlan,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  and  discharged,  Sept,  26,  1862. 

Philip  Kroutz,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 

George  Ilearl,  died  at ,  Tenn.,  March  15,  1862. 

James  Lock. 

°Justis  Limpart,  appointed  corporal. 

John  Latell,  discharged,  Nov.  4,  1862. 

John  D.  McNelley,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  and  appointed  corporal. 

Marion  McDonald,  discharged,  Aug.  22,  1862. 

Andrew  McDaniel,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  and  discharged, 

Sept.  2,  1862. 

Charles  S.  Merritt,  died  of  wounds,  April  6,  1S62. 
Green  Madden. 

Khodum  A.  Maricle,  discharged,  October,  1863. 
°Robert  II.  Maricle,  appointed  second  sergeant, 
Benjamin  F.  McThompson,  discharged,  Sept.  4,  1862. 


APPENDIX.  183 

William  R.  Miller,  discharged,  Sept.  5, 1861. 

David  Nunn,  discharged — date  unknown. 

William  Newby,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Whaley  Newby,  wounded  in   action,  April    6,    1862,   and    discharged, 

Sept.  26,  1862. 

James  Newby,  discharged,  November  15,  1862. 
Felix  Owen,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
John  Persell,  died  at  Monterey,  Tenn.,  Oct.  5,  1862. 
John  L.  Patterson. 

Louis  Pilcher,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Sept.  3,  1862. 
James  G.  Price. 
°John  T.  Powless. 
Newton  Rutherford. 
Benjamin  F.  Russell,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  and  discharged 

Nov.  15,  1862. 

James  Roy,  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant,  July  25,  1862. 
Robert  J.  Scott,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 
°Pleasant  Shores, 

John  Southard,  discharged,  March  2,  1662. 
°Levi  Shores. 
°J.  C.  Thomason. 

Peter  II.  Thomason,  died  of  wounds  received  April  6, 1862. 
John  C.  Thatcher,  discharged,  Aug.  4,  1872. 
E.  Willett,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Charles  West. 

James  M.  Watkins,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Martin  S.  Watkins,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Au».  20,  1862 
°John  White. 


COMPANY  "E."— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 

Daptain  Daniel  N.  Ulm,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  discharged 
Sept.  29,  1863. 

First  Lieut.  Andrew  F.  Nesbit,  resigned  Sept.  23,  1861,  at  Paducah. 

Kentucky. 
Second  Lieut.  William  II.  Summers,  promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  Sept. 

23,  1861,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  and  Nov.  25,  1863. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

First  Sergt.  William  W.  Dunlap,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Sept 
6,  1862,  vice  B.  F.  Best  resigned. 

°Second  Sergt.  Van  R.  Price,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,  Nov.  24,  1862, 
vice  W.  W.  Dunlap,  promoted. 

Third  Sergt.  Alpheus  N.  Rynard,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at 
Shiloh,  Tenn.,  discharged,  Aug.  20,  1862,  on  account  of  wound. 

Fourth  Sergt.  John  C.  Camp,  dropped  from  rolls,  Aug.  18,  1862,  in  ac 
cordance  with  General  Order.No.  14-has  since  rejoined  company. 


184:  APPENDIX. 

Fifth  Sergt.  Samuel  F.  Ulm,  transferred  to  First  Tenn.  Regt,  A.  D., 

May  28,  18G3,  and  promoted  to  first  lieutenant. 

First  Corporal  Samuel   Bull,  wounded  April  6,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,   dis 
charged,  Aug.  20,  1862. 
Second  Corporal  Charles  W.  Truscott,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862, 

died  of  wounds  at  Evansville,  Ind.,  April  16,  1862. 
Third  Corporal  Samuel  S.  Truax,  dischargee  on  account  of.  disability, 

August  2,  1862. 
Fourth  Corporal  William  L.  Garrison,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862, 

discharged  on  account  of  disability,  Oct.  18,  1862. 
Fifth  Corporal  Newton  McRill,  promoted  to  third  sergeant,  vice  Renard, 

discharged. 

Sixth  Corporal  Milton  T.  Adams. 

°Seventh  Corporal  James  McNeley,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25, 1862. 
Eight  Corporal  David  Crews,  discharged  on  account  of  disability,  Nov. 

30,  1861. 

MUSICIANS. 

Bethel  Parker,  died  of  disease  near  Corinth,  Miss.,  May  23,  1862. 
Wallace  W.  Echmond,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

PRIVATES. 
William  E.  Ambrose. 

Simon  Arnold,  discharged,  April  24,  1862. 
Andrew  C.  Allen. 

Ephraim  Bull,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Edward  Burroughs,  discharged  at  Fort  Pickering,  Tenn.,  Feb.,  1864. 
Cephus  Beech,  died  at  Evansville,  Ind.,  Nov.  23,  1862. 
Sylvanus  Bradshaw. 

°James  W.  Bradshaw,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Reuben  Bowman. 
Francis  M.  Brooks. 
°James  A.  Baird. 

Austin  Burroughs,  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 
Benjamin  F.  Best,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Sept.   23,  1861,  vice 

Nisbit,  resigned,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  Sept. 

6,  1862. 

Joseph  Bargh,  discharged,  July  1,  1862. 
Martin  Baker,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  and  died  of  same  at  St. 

Louis,  Mo.,  May  8,  1862. 
°William  Colbourn. 

Isaac  Crumbacher,  discharged,  July  1,  1862. 
William  Douglass,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 
George  H.  Eaton,  promoted  to  first  corporal,  Oct.  6,  1862. 
George  Fisher,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  Oct.  7,  '62. 
Henry  L.  Fetters. 

William  Ferrill,  discharged,  Aug.  20,  1862. 
William  Galbreath,  was  wonnded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  and  died 

of  (he  same  at  Covington,  Ky.,  April  30,  1862. 


APPENDIX.  185 

Robert  Gillespie,  discharged,  Aug.  31,  1861. 

°Ephraim  J.  Hart,  promoted  to  second  sergeant,  Dec.  7,  1862. 

Thomas  J.  Harris. 

Reuben  J.  Hawk. 

°David  Holmes,  promoted  to  second  corporal,  April  20,  1862. 

Milton  Holmes.  '  •*- 

John  Handley,  discharged,  March  12,  1863. 

William  R.  Lappin. 

Henry  R.  Lear,  died  of  disease  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  July  23,  1862. 

John  McCollum. 

William  McNeley,  discharged,  Aug.  12,  1863. 

°Thomas  McGregor,  promoted  to  third  corporal,  July  25,  1862,  and  re- 

duced  to  ranks  by  his  request. 

Wm.  H.  H.  Miller,  discharged  on  account  of  wounds,  Sept.  26,  1862. 
Matthew  Moutray,  taken  prisoner,  Feb.  25,  1863. 
John  Mills,  wounded  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862,  and  discharged  Feb.  4, 

1863. 

Isaac  McCollum,  promoted  to  fourth  corporal,  Oct.  7,  1862. 
James  McDaniel. 

James  Mayer,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
George  Moutray,  discharged,  July  1,  1862. 
0  Sylvester  Moutray. 
James  A.  McGaughey,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  and  discharged— date 

unknown. 
0  Bonj.  F.  Mayes. 
"Alexander  Mayes,  promoted   to  third   corporal,   May  28,  1863,  and 

wounded,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Francis  M.  Mills,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1863. 
Samuel  McGrew,  promoted  to  fifth  sergeant,  May  28,  1863. 
Johnson  M.  Owen,  lost  in  action,  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
Ephriam  F.  Pharr,  lost  in  action,  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6, 1862,  died  since 

at  Macon,  Geo. 
0  John  Pennington. 
0  Ireaneus  Patterson. 

James  T.  Porterfield,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 
James  C.  Porterfield,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
William  L.  Phillips. 

Eber  Phillips,  transferred  to  Marine  Brigade. 
Joseph  Riggs,  missing  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Silas  Riggs,  wounded  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862,  died  of 

same,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  2,  1862. 

Robert  Reed,  died  of  disease  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  27,  1862. 
James  H.  Risley,  transferred  to  First  Regiment  West  Tenn.,  A.  D. 
0  Alexander  Ramsey,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
David  T.  Roggers,  promoted  to  fifth  corporal,  Oct.  6,  1862. 
Leander  Robertson,  died  of  disease  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Sept!  25,  1861.  ! 
Francis  Stanley,  killed  in   action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
Philip  Stone,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  discharged,  July  12,1862. 

16 


186  APPEKDIX. 

Samuel  Stone,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
0  Jacob  Smith. 

Milton  A.  Shipley,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Cyrus  L.  Flint,  promoted  to  eighth  corporal,  Nov.  30,  1861. 
Benj.  F.  Shroyer,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
William   H.  Spitler,  wounded  in   action  at  Shiloh,  April   6,  1862,  dis 
charged,  Aug.  20,  1862. 

John  Spitler,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
"William  C.  Staser,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Amansil  Smith,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  and 

discharged  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Aug.  20,  1862. 
William  Shannon,  wounded  in  action   at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862, 

and  discharged,  Sept.  26,  1832. 

Charles  Tibbs,  died  of  disease  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  on  the  10th  Nov.,  1861. 
Robert  A.   Taylor,  discharged,  Sept.  4,  1863,  and   died  in   Regimental 

Hospital,  at  Gamp  Sherman,  Miss.,  Sept.  7,  1863. 
George  Truscott,  died  of  disease  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  30,  1861. 
Thomas  J.  Truscott,  discharged,  Oct.  30,  1861. 
0  Charles  H.  Vandaveer,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  promoted  to 

third  sergeant,  July  23,  1862. 
0  Thomas  H.  Vandike. 
Israel  Willibee,  discharged,  Aug.  20,  1862. 

Charles  Wendland,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
Wm.  Ward,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
James  C.  Wells,  discharged,  May  20,  1863. 
Anderson  L.  Wall. 
Riley   Willey,  discharged  from  wounds  received    in    action  at  Shiloh, 

Tenn.,  on  the  6th  of  April,  1862,  discharged  at  Paducah,  Ky.-— date  of 

discharge  unknown. 

Robert  Wilson,  killed  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Philir)  Yohe,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
0  Robert  L.  Ulm. 
Thomas  Stanley,  died— date  unknown— of  wounds  received,  April  6,  '62. 


COMPANY  "P."— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 

Ca.pt.  Tillman  Shirley,  resigned  on  account  of  disability,  Oct.  29,  1862- 
First  Lieut.  William  T.  Ingram,  promoted  to  captain,  Oct.  29,  1862 — re 
signed. 
Second  Lieut.  Joseph  Ing,  resigned,  March  4,  1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

First  Sergt.  Isaac  A.  Ingram,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  March  11, 

1862,  died  at  Salem,  111.,  June  23,  1862,  of  wounds  received  in  action 

at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 
Second  Sergt.  Christopher  Ing,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  June  23, 

1862,  and  to  first  lieutenant,  Oct.  29,  1862,  and  promoted  captain, 

April  6,  1863. 


APPENDIX.  187 

Third  Sergt.  Silas  Jones,  died  of  wounds  at  Savannah,  Tenn.,  April  18, 

1862,  received  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

Fourth  Scrgt.  Frederick  Uhls,  discharged,  Feb.  3,  1863,  on  account  of 

disease. 
Fifth  Sergt.  Harvey  Isaas,  discharged  on  account  of  disability,  Jan.  6 

1863. 

0  First  Corporal  Pleasant  H.  Hawkins,  reduced  to  ranks  at  his  request. 
Second  Corporal  Geo.  W.  Burlison,  discharged,  March  7,  1862. 
0  Third  Coporal  Thomas  Sullivan. 
Fourth  Corporal  Jarret  Branson,  promoted  to  third  sergeant,  Feb.  14, 

1863,  and  promoted  to  second  sergeant,  May  12,  1863. 
Fifth  Corporal  James  M.  Summers,  discharged,  Aug.  21,  1862. 
Sixth  Corporal  John  L.  Bailey,  reduced  to  ranks,  July  17,  1862. 
Seventh  Corporal  Alfred  Ward,  died  of  disease  at  Paducah    Ky     Sept 

6,  1861. 
Eighth  Corporal  Jasper  N.  Hawkins,  reduced  by  his  request. 

MUSICIANS. 

Enoch  Jones,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,  April  22,  1862,  and   promoted 

to  first  lieutenant,  April  6,  1863. 
Joel  Hoffs,  discharged,  Sept.  6,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  received  at 

Shiloh,  Tenn. 

PRIVATES. 

Nelson  Aldrich,  died  of  disease  at  La  Fayette,  Tenn.,  June  4,  1862. 

Charles  Aldrich,  discharged,  May  30,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  re 
ceived,  April  6,  1862. 

Briso  Branson,  promoted  to  fourth  corporal,  July  17,  1862. 

Robert  T.  D.  Barnfield. 

James  M.  Buttler. 

William  Bain,  discharged,  June  4,  1862. 

Robert  J.  Bain,  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  10,  1863,  of  wounds  re 
ceived  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

James  II.  Branson,  promoted  to  second  corporal,  March  17    1862 

Philip  W.  Branson. 

John  W.  Baugh,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Oct.  29,  1862,  and  pro 
moted  to  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant,  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Benjamin  F.  Carter. 

°Joel  J.  Clem. 

John  Chaplain,  promoted  to  third  corporal,  March  17, 1862,  then  to  fifth 

sergeant,  May  12,  1863. 
Braxton  Cook,  discharged,  March  7,  1862. 
William  G.  Cook,  transferred  from  Company  A  to  Company  F. 
Thomas  Downes. 

James  Deanty,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 
Daniel  C.  Day,  promoted  to  fifth  corporal,  March  17,  1862. 
John  Dillon. 


188  APPENDIX. 

James  K.  P.  Dillon,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  May  1,  1862,  of  wounds  re 
ceived  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

John  Davis,  died  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  11,  1862,  of  wounds  received 
in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Thomas  J.  Dewitt,  transferred  from  Company  A  to  Company  F,  pro 
moted  to  sixth  corporal,  Jan.  17,  1863,  and  to  first  sergeant,  July 
2,  1863. 

Eli  Ford,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 

James  E.  Farmer,  promoted  to  sergeant,  appointed  lieutenant  in  First 
Tenn.  Rergt.,  A.  D. 

Elijah  Foster,  discharged,  Aug.  19,  1862. 

John  M.  Fisher,  promoted  to  eigth  corporal,  March  17,  1862. 

Silas  T.  Gaither,  died  of  disease  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  September  1,  1862. 

Henry  Grinestaff. 

William  R.  Hicks,  discharged,  July  2,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  re 
ceived  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Marion  Hicks,  died  in  Franklin  county,  111.,  of  wound  received  in  action, 
April  6,  1862. 

°Harrison  Hicks. 

Allen  Hall,   discharged  Aug.  19,  1862,  on  account  of  wound  received 

April  6,  1862. 

°Sampson  Harris. 

William  C.  Hobbs,  killed  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn. 

Matthew' R.  Ing. 

S.  M.  Jewel,  discharged— time  unknown. 

Smith  Jones. 

John  Lance. 

Abraham  Lance,  discharged— time  unknown. 

George  L.  Miller,  dishonorably  discharged,  Nov.  25,  1861,  for  cutting 
off  his  finger  to  get  out  of  the  service. 

John  N.  Miller,  appointed  musician. 

°William  Mackey,  promoted  to  sixth  corporal,  March  17,  1862,  since  re 
duced  to  ranks. 

Robert  McDaniel,  died— time  unknown. 

William  Minton. 

Duncan  McCran,  discharged,  Aug.  26,  1862. 

Jasper  N.  Neal,  promoted  to  sergeant,  July  17,  1862,  and  promot( 
second  lieutenant,  April  6,  1863. 

William  C.  Phillips. 

Joseph  Phillips. 

Jefferson  Phillips,  killed  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

William  Price. 

°  Thaddeus  Rountree,  detailed  in  hospital  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  by  spec 

order. 

John  R.  Rountre. 

Alexander  Summers,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 
Edward  Summers,  discharged,  May  10,  1862. 
William  L.  Summers,  promoted  to  seventh  corporal,  March  17,  IS 
Robert  Summers. 


APPENDIX.  189 

Harvey  Summers,  died  of  disease  at  Vicksburgh,  Miss.,  Sept.  29,  1863. 

Benjamin  T.  R.  Summers. 

John  Summers,  discharged,  June  4,  1862. 

Caleb  Stidd,  died,  Oct.  30,  1862,  at  Fort  Pickering,  Tenn. 

William  B.  Shirley,  wounded  April  6,  1862,  and  died  of  wound,  May  11 
1862,  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

John  M.  Scott,  wounded  and  missing  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Nathaniel  Smith. 

James  Tate,  discharged,  of  wound  received,  April  6,  1862,  May  28, 1862. 

near  Corinth,  Mississippi. 

Levi  J.  Ward,  discharged,  of  wounds  received. 
Robert  Whittington. 

Noah  Williams,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 
John  M.  B.  Williams,  died,  May  12,  1862,  at  Louisville,  Ky. 
William  G.  Williams,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862.; 
John  Ward. 
John  W.  White,  discharged,  May  5,  1863. 


COMPANY  "  G."— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 
Capt.  W.  F.  Scott,  resigned,  April  1,  1862. 
First  Lieut.  C.  C.  Hopkins,  promoted  to  captain,  April  1,  1862,  resigned, 

Jan.  20,  1863. 
Second  Lieut.  Jonah  Morland,   promoted  to  first  lieutenant,   April  1, 

1862,  promoted  to  captain,  Jan.  26,  1803. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

First  Sergt.  C.  C.  Meyer,  reduced  to  third  sergeant,  1861. 

Second  Sergeant  II.  D.  Keffer,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Sept.  1861,  ap 
pointed  second  lieutenant,  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Third  Sergt.  M.  N.  Lewis,  died  of  wounds,  Dec.  20,  1863,  received  in 
action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

Fourth  Sergt.  M.  H.  Smith,  reduced  to  ranks,  April  22,  1862. 

Fifth  Sergt.  Edward  Hill,  reduced  to  ranks,  June  17,  1862. 

First  Corporal  G.  T.  Lawrence,  reduced  to  ranks  at  his  request. 

Second  Corporal  T.  McClure,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Third  Corporal  P.  P.  Crisel. 

Fourth  Corporal  B.  Miller,  discharged,  Oct.  12,  1861. 

Fifth  Corporal  J.  M.  Dawson,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Nov.  4,  1862. 

Sixth  Corporal  G.  W.  Mitchell,  died  at  New  Albany,  Ind.,  May  4,  1862. 

°Seventh  Corporal  W.  P.  Williamson,  reduced  to  ranks  at  his  request. 

Eighth  Corporal  Wm.  Harland,  killed  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

MUSICIANS. 
J.  E.  Hart,  appointed  sergeant,  May  27,  reduced  at  his  request,  May 

29,  1863,  promoted  to  lieutenant  in  First  West  Tenn.  Regt.,  A.  D. 
°A.  C.  Mitchell. 


190  APPENDIX. 

PRIVATES. 

F.  G.  Armstrong,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
A.  Bailey. 

J.  Byram. 
Win.  W.  Baitey. 

G.  H.  Brewer,  discharged,  March  1, 1862. 

R.  Burton,  died  Oct.  11,  1861,  at  Paducah,  Ky. 

A.  M.  BoKWortb,  discharged,  Sept.  2,  1862. 

S.  A.  Close,  discharged,  Nov.  8,  1861. 

J.  Capp,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

D.  Close,  killed  by  accidental  discharge  of  musket  at  Memphis,  Tenn., 

Nov.  7,  1862. 
A.  M.  Haskey. 
J.  W.  Collins. 

H.  J.  Crisel,  promoted  to  corporal. 
R.  Conner,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Oct.  3,  1863. 
J.  Gardner,  died  at  Cincinnati,  May  2,  1862. 
Jas.  Garrison,  discharged,  June  4,  1862. 
Henry  Hall,  died  at  Monterey,  Tenn.,  June  8,1862. 

II.  Hobbs,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  appointed  corporal,  ap 
pointed  first  sergeant,  March  7,  1863,  promoted  to  captain  First  West 
Tenn.,  Regt.,  A.  D. 

H.  W.  Hopkins,  discharged,  Feb.  8,  1863. 
C.  C.  Hopkins,  killed  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 
°J.  F.  S.  Hopkins. 
J.  M.  Hopkins,  appointed  sergeant  major,  July  23,  1862,  promoted  to 

second  lieutenant,  Company  I. 
J.  J.  llarvvood,  deserted,  May  22,  1862. 

S.  E.  Hodges,  discharged,  March  7,  1862. 

S.  A.  Hogue,  discharged,  Sept.  10,  on  account  of  wounds  received  at 
Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

J.  R,  Hamilton,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  died  at  Moscow, 
Tenn.,  July  12,  1862. 

James  R.  Hogue,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  July  29,  1862. 

0  P.  J.  Harland. 

G.  W.  Harland,  killed  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

A.  P.  Harper,  deserted. 

R.  J.  Johnson. 

T.  J.  Johnson,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  Term.,  April  6,  1862. 

Geo.  Johnson,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  discharged,  Ang.  18,  '62. 

W.  F.  Johnson,  killed  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

J.  P.  Koger. 

G.  W.  Knight,  died  of  wounds  received,  April  6,  1862. 

H.  E.  Learned,  wounded  in  action  Nov.  25,  1863,  promoted  to  fourth 
sergeant,  April  20,  1862. 

J.  G.  Learned,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  discharged,  July  23,  63. 

0.  A.  Learned,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 


APPENDIX.  191 

JVC.  Lee,  killed  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

Benj.  Manchester,  discharged,  January  6,  1863. 

Win.  Maberry,  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 

0  G.  "W.  Maulding,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

0  C.  C.  Maulding,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

E.  Miller. 

J.  Miller. 

E.  Maberry,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

G.  W.  Meyers,  wounded  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  discharged,  Oct.  21,  1862. 

Abe  Meyers. 

A.  Miller,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  23,  1861. 

J.  Milner. 

0  C.  S.  Mitchel,  appointed  sergeant,  June  17,  1862. 

°B.  F.  McClue,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 

J.  Manchester,  discharged  at  Paducah,  Ky. 

II.  Mitchel,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  '62. 

J.  McKnight,  died,  Jan.  4,  1863,  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Mo. 

Z.  C.  Maulding,  discharged,  Dec.  1862. 

D.  W.  Proudfit,  killed  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

Thos.  Prigmore,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  promoted  to  corporal, 

Oct.  4,  1862,  and  to  sergeant,  Nov.  1,  1863. 
G.  W.  Potts,  discharged,  Aug.  18,  1862. 
0  J.  W.  Porter,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
0  F.  C.  Perry. 
A.  H.  Richerson. 
0  T.  B.  Richerson,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Sept.  1861,  promoted  to  first 

sergeant,  May  17,  1863. 
0  E.  Redburn,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863,  promoted  to  corporal, 

July  6,  1862. 
G.  Richerdson. 

G.  A.  Stine,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,1862,  and  July  16,  1863. 
J.  Stine,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
A.  L.  Sprouce,  died,  Nov.  13,  1862,  at  Memphis,  Tenn. 
James  M.  Smith,  died,  May  1,  1862,  of  wounds  received,  April  6,  1862. 
T.   II.   B.   Stroman,   discharged,  March   19,  1863,  of  wounds  received, 

April  6,  1862. 

N.  H.  Snider,  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
°H.  Stine. 

S.  T.  Stine,  missing  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

S.  II.  Watson,  appointed  quartermaster-sergeant,  Aug.  1,  1861,  pro 
moted  to  second  lieutenant  Company  G,  April  2,  1862,  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant,  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Henry  Stroman,  appointed  quartermaster-sergeant,  Aug.   1861,  trans 
ferred  by  promotion  to  second  lieutenant  of  Company  "  C." 
F.  Woodruff. 

J.  N.  Wright,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Nov.  8,  1861. 
E.  S.  Willis,  discharged,  March  7,  1862. 


192  APPENDIX. 

Ira  Stephen,  deserted,  Feb.  29,  1863. 
Z.  C.  Trammel,  died,  Sept.  23,  1862. 

COMPANY   "II."— COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

Capt.  Samuel  D.  Stuart,  discharged,  Nov.  1,  1862. 
First  Lieut.  J.  G.  Lane,  resigned,  Nov.  20,  1861. 

Second  Lieut.  T.  F.  Galvin,  promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  Nov.  26,  1861, 
promoted  to  captain,  Nov.  1,  1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

First  Sergt.  T.  G.  Kelley,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Nov.  20,  1862, 
promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  Nov.  1,  1863. 

Second  Sergt.  M.  Galvin,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,  Jan.  30,  1862,  pro 
moted  to  second  lieutenant,  Nov.  1,  1862. 

Third  Sergt.  H.  Blessing. 

Fourth  Sergt.  G.  M.  Weldin,  wounded  accidently,  discharged,  Jan.  13,  '62. 

Fifth  Sergt.  J.  Reisor. 

0  First  Corporal  Win.  H.  Ross,  promoted  to  sergeant,  Jan.  24,  1863. 

0  Second  Corporal  J.  A.  Parkerson,  reduced  to  ranks. 

Third  Corporal  Win.  R.  Green,  appointed  sergeant,  Jan.  24,  1863,  re 
duced  to  ranks. 

Fourth  Corporal  A.  K.  Bortner. 

Fifth  Corporal  S.  A.  Richerdson,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  pro 
moted  to  sergeant,  May  26,  1862,  discharged,  Nov.  13,  1862. 

Sixth  Corporal  J.  Piggott,  reduced  to  ranks  and  deserted,  June  7,  1863. 

Seventh  Corporal  T.  G.  Martin. 

Eighth  Corporal  G.  H.  Staight,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  dis 
charged,  Aug.  19,  1862. 

MUSICIANS. 
H.  J.  Lyons. 

0.  F.  Evans,  discharged,  Sept  15,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  received, 
April  6,  1862. 

PRIVATES. 

M.  Bruner,  discharged,  March  20,  1862. 

J.  W.  Bright,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  discharged,  Aug.  16,  '62. 

Wm.  T.  Bright,  discharged,  Feb.  10,  1863. 

Geo.  W.  Bright,  promoted  corporal,  Jan.  24,  1863. 

T.  H.  Blake,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  March  8,  1863. 

Geo.  M.  Berge. 

J.  L.  Berge. 

L.  Burke. 

C.  Boughton,  discharged,  Sept.  7,  1862. 

J.  G.  Burrough,  died  of  wounds,  May  10,  1862. 

J.  Butler,  discharged,  Sept.  4,  1863. 

J.  Casebolt,  wounded  in  action,  July  16,  1863. 


APPENDIX.  193 

0  H-.  Casebolt. 

A.  Conklin,  discharged,  Nov.  26,  1862.  .k 

Wm.  F.  Evens,  killed  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.. 

J.  Eckles. 

J.  Eckleman,  wounded  in  action,  July  14, 1863. 

J.  Everett. 

E.  Fouch. 

J.  Fifer,  discharged,  Nov.  19, 1862. 

W.  M.  French,  transferred  from  Company  "  B,"  appointed  corporal., 

F.  Freash,  deserted,  Aug.  20,  1862. 

J.  M.  Green,  transferred  to  Company  "  D,"  Fifth-eighth  Illinois  Infan 
try,  by  promotion  to  second  lieutenant. 

E.  Gibson,  transferred  from  Company  "  B." 

F.  M.  Ginger. 

Wm.  W.  Havens,  appointed  corporal,  Sept.  1861,  appointed  quarter 
master-sergeant,  Jan.  1863. 

J.  Hutzel. 

Wm.  Hamilton. 

John  Hamilton,  discharged,  Aug.  16,  1862. 

Wm.  T.  Hamilton,  appointed  corporal,  Sept.  16,  1862. 

Thomas  Johnson,  discharged,  July  11,  1862,  from  wounds  received  at 
Shiloh. 

Wm.  C.  Jarrett,  discharged,  Jan.  10,  1862. 

C.  F.  Johnson. 

F.  Kupper,  died  near  Chevalla,  June  10, 1862'. 

P.  Kennedy,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  Oct.  16,  '62. 

Geo.  McConkey. 

J.  McCabe,  deserted. 

0  H.  M.  Parkerson,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Benj.  Phillips,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Aug.  20,  1863. 

°Geo.  M.  Prior. 

0  M.  Quinn. 

R.  Hubert,  discharged,  March  2,  1862. 

P.  Riley,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

H.  C.  Rhynes,  wounded  in  action,  July  16,  1863. 

M.  G.  Rudd,  discharged,  Jan.  18,  1862. 

W.  Snow,  discharged,  Aug.  1,  1862,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

A.  M.  Smith,  discharged  by  order  G.  C.,  Feb.  1862. 

T.  Sexton. 

S.  F.  Seikeson,  discharged,  Sept.  1,  1863. 

John  Stret,  discharged,  Aug.  10,  1862. 

W.  G.  Sims. 

L.  Scott.  • 

T.  Tupper,  killed  in  battle  of  Shiloh,  April  6, 1862. 

Wm.  Torrence. 

George  Taylor,  discharged,  March  22,  1862. 

J.  J.  Watson. 

Jas.  W.  Watson,  died  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  July  13,  1862. 

17. 


194:  APPENDIX. 

S.  J.  Winans,  appointed  sergeant  major,  May  8,  1862,  killed  in  action^ 

Nov.  25,  1863. 
°R.  A.  Wood. 
Wni.  Young,,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  discharged,  Nov.  13, 1862, 


COMPANY  "I,"— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 

Capt.  G.  Hoskinson,  resigned,  June  3,  1862. 

First  Lieut.  Gr.  Di  Humphreys,  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  2,  1862,  of 

wounds  received  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 
Second  Lieut.  H.  Crackles,  died  at  Paducah,  Ky.,  Oct.  11,  1861, 

NON-COMMISSIONED'  OFFICERS. 

Eirst  Sergeant  A.  L.  Hammacker,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Oct. 

11,  1861,  and  promoted  to  captain,  June  3,  1863,  resigned,  March  25y 

1862. 
°Second  Sergt.  J.  Davis,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,   May  3,   1863,  was 

wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
Third  Sergt.  W.  M.  Bunton,  promoted  to  first  sergeant,  Oct.  11, 1861, 

and  to  first  lieutenant,  March  2&,  1862,  was  wounded  April  6,  1862r 

was  again  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863." 
Fourth  Sergt.  F.  W.  Havil,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 
Fifth  Sergt.  J.  Ingersol,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  June  3,  1862r 

resigned,  Jan.  8,  1863. 

First  Corporal.S.  Wells,  killed  in  action  at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 
Second  Corporal  M.  Willman. 
Third  Corporal  T.  Keen,  reduced  at  his  request. 
Fourth  Corporal  J.  King,  discharged  Feb.  16,  1863. 
Fifth  Corporal  J.  F.  Edings,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  promoted 

to  sergeant,  July  4,  1862. 
Sixth  Corporal  J.  Drennan,  appointed  sergeant,  Oct.  11, 1862,  died  April 

20, 1862,  of  wounds. 

Seventh  Corporal  J.  D.  Anderson,  discharged,  Aug.,  1862. 
Eighth  Corporal  K.  C.  Sweat,  discharged,  Nov.  5, 1862.  _,, 

MUSICIANSi. 

°W.  H.  Higbee.  ,! 

°J.  Killifer. 

PRIVATES. 

Wm.  Anderson,  wounded  April  6,  1862,  discharged  Aug.  13,  1862., 
T.  J.  Barnett,  died  of  wounds  received  in  aetion,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
M.  R..Bell,  discharged,  Jan.  14,  1862. 
Z.  Bodle,  died  at  Moscow,  Tenn.,  June  9,1862. 

J.  W.  B.  Birkett,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  transferred  to  In 
valid  Corps. 

A.  Beard,  discharged;  Feb.  1&,  1863. 
Wm.  L.  Beard, 


APPENDIX,  195 

E.  Beard,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862,  * 

Nelson  Berry,  wounded  April  7,  1862,  and  Nov.  25,  1863. 

A.  M.  Beard,  discharged,  Nov.  12,  1862,  of  wounds  received  April  7, 

1862. 

J.  W.  Blackburn,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  and  Nov.  25,  1863. 
°H.  L.  Bradley. 
J.  Brown,  died,  April  20,  1862 — place  unknown — of  wounds  received, 

April  tf,  1862. 

°Samuel  R.  Copeland,  wounded  April  6,  1862,  and  Nov.  25,  1863. 
°G.  W.  Copeland. 
E.  M.  Dare,  died  of  wounds  received  April  6,  1862,  at  Keokuk,  la. 

time  unknown, 

A.  0,  Dewitt. 

B.  W.  Denham. 

J.  P.  Denhatu,  deserted  at  Memphis,  Tenn,,  Aug.  2,  1862. 

J.  F.  Evans. 

Wm.  Ellis,  discharged  of  wounds,  April  6,  1862. 

A.  Fornoff,  transferred  to  Invalid  Corps,   Sept.  1,  1863.         ^     g% 

Wm.  J.  Fisher. 

Wm.  Fornoff. 

R.  Guard. 

J.  Guard,  discharged,  Juno  15,  1862,  on  account  of  wounds  received 
at  Shiloh,  April  6,  1862. 

F.  Guard,  discharged  of  disability. 

II.  Gardner,  killed  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

S.  S.  Gibison. 

It.  Ham,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Wm,  Harris,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

M.  V.  B.  Ing,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862.  ,,< 

W.  T.  Kimball.  ^    ; 

R.  S.   Kitchen. 
E.  P,  Lee. 

James  Lewis,  killed  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

°George  Lutz,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

Peter  Monica,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  10,  1862. 

Amos  Monica, 

°J.  F.  Monica. 

P.  Myers,  discharged,  March  30,  1862. 

J.  Nunley,  discharged,  July  25,  1862. 

J.  Nosworthey,  discharged,  Jan.  1,  1862, 

P.  M.  Oglesby,  wounded,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

P.  Proctor,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  17,  1862. 

P.  Phillips. 

Wm.  Parkinson,  killed  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  April  6,  1862. 

Wm.  Perry. 

F.  H.  Perry. 

J.  K.  Perryman,  transferred  to  Marine  Brigade. 

II.  V.  Biggs. 


196  APPENDIX. 

Win.  Roberts,  wounded  in  action,  April   6,    1862,    discharged,    March 

7,  1863, 
°D.  B.  Rude. 

0.  S.  Rice,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  discharged,  July  8,  1863. 
Wm.  Ray,  drowned  in  the  Mississippi  river,  June  7,  1863. 
J.  S.  Stroup,  discharged,  March  7,  1862. 

QWm.  H.  Stroup,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  and  Nov.  25,  1863. 
A.  J.  Stroup. 
°J.  B.  Shaden,  appointed  corporal,  June  1,  1863,  and  wounded  Nov. 

25,  1863. 

Wm.  C.  Smith,  discharged,  Sept.  10,  1862. 
Samuel  Sorrey,  died  near  Corinth,  Miss.,  May  29,  1862. 
Wm.  R.  Stone,  appointed  sergeant,  June  1,  1863. 
George  Shockinan. 

Wm.  Turner,  appointed  hospital  steward,  March   20,  1882. 
°B.  C.  Tate,  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 
A.  H.  Tate,  wounded,  April  :6,  1862. 
S.  A.  Tate. 

J.  N.  Tanquerry,  discharged,  April  27,  1863. 
Wm.  Voigt. 

S.  Williamson,  discharged,  Jan.  1,  1862. 
G.  Weaver,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862,  of  wounds. 
Wm.  Watkins,  transferred  to  Company  K. 
G.  W.  Baity,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 
G.  W.  Burrell. 
°J.  D.  Gauoug. 
S.  B.  Lingerfeltcr,  appointed  corporal,' Oct.  11,  W&l,  and  promoted  to 

first  lieutenant,  May  2,  1&62,  and   promoted  to  captain,  March  25, 

1863,  was  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 
-J.    M.    Hopkins,   promoted    to    second    lieutenant,    May  3,  1863,  was 

drowned,  Sept.  28,  1863. 


COMPANY  "K."— COMMISSIONED  OFFICERS. 

•Capt.  J.  S.  Moore,  resigned,  Jan. -26,  1863. 
First  Lieut.  W.  Blacklige,  promoted  to  captain,  Jan.  20,  1863. 
Second  Lieut.  J.  R.  Figg,  resigned,  Oct.  14,  1861. 


NON-COMMISSIONED    OFFICERS. 

Pirst  Sergt.  R.  F.  Davidson,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  April  11, 
1862,  was  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  promoted  to  first  lieute 
nant,  Jan.  26,  1863. 

Second  Sergt.  B.  F.  Boon. 

-Third  Sergt  Wm.  R.  Westfall,  reduced  to  ranks.  ,_  , ,     _ 


APPENDIX. 

Fourth  Sergt.  F.  G.  Koss,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

Fifth  Sergt.  Elijah  Denby,  reduced  to  ranks,  May  17,  1862. 

First  Corporal  John  Holman,  appointed  fifth  sergeant,  May  17,  1862. 

Second  Corporal  N.  II.  Lord,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

fThird  Corporal  Wm.  Morefield,  appointed  third  sergeant,  Jan.  15,  1862. 

Fourth  Corporal  T.  J.  Nash,  discharged,  March  7,  1862. 

Fifth  Corporal  T.  H.  Denby. 

Sixth  Corporal  Win.  A.  Gibson,  discharged,  Aug.  14,  1862. 

Seventh  Corporal  J.  C.  Levingston,  reduced  at  his  request. 

Eighth  Corporal  J.  Creek,  appointed  fourth  sergeant,  Nov.  22,  1862,  and 

I   appointed  first  sergeant,  Jan.  15,  1863. 

MUSICIANS. 

Benj.  E.  Martin,  discharged,  Nov.  To,  1862. 
Peter  Ilannin,  reduced  at  his  request. 

PRIVATES. 

M.  G.  Allen.  I 

J.  Brimbery. 

John  Bartholomew,  discharged,  March  12,  1863. 
Wm.  G.  Baty,  transferred  to  Company  "I,"  Jan.  1,  1862. 
0  F.  M.  Boswell,  wounded  in  action,  April  6, 1862. 

H.  II.  Cook,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  Oct.  11,  1861,  died  at  Sa 
vannah,  Tenn.,  April  11,  1862,  of  wounds  received  at  Shiloh. 
Thos.  Chapman,  discharged,  Jan.  19,  1862. 
John  Chapman,  appointed  drum-major,  Sept.  1,  1S6L 
0  D.  W.  Chapman. 
J.  Cooper,  discharged,  Sept.  1,  1862. 
II.  Cook,  died  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  March  25,  1862. 
11.  Cooper. 

Wm.  L.  Dillan,  wounded  in  an  action,  April  6,  1-662, 
W.  F.  Edmondson. 

D.  W.  Ewing,  appointed  corporal,  Sept,  17,  1S62,  appointed  fourth  ser 
geant,  June  16,  1863. 

J.  H.  Franklin,  deserted  at  Paducah,  Oct.  4,  1861. 

A.  W.  Finley. 

II.  Fisher,  discharged,  Feb.  18,  1863. 

Thomas  Frazier,  deserted,  Nov.  1,  1862. 

G.  W.  Gill. 

0  Allen  C.  Gouterman. 

A.  Graham,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

R.  Hill,  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 

°S.  Hanselton. 

J.  Hightower,  discharged,  June  13,  1862. 

Geo.  Holman,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Oct.  23,  1862. 

R.  Hearst. 

E.  Hearst,  died  at  Snyder's  Bluffs,  Miss.,  July .5,  1863. 


198  APPENDIX. 

J.  J.  Hicks,  died  of  disease,  May,  1862. 

Isaac  W.  Jones,  killed  in  action,  July  16,  1863,  at  Jackson,  Miss. 

II.  M.  Jenkins,  wounded,  April  6,  1862. 

Geo.  W.  Jellison,  discharged,  March  8,  1863. 

J.  J.  Jones,  wouuded  in  action,  April  6,  1862,  appointed  corporal,  June 
18,  1863. 

M.  Jones,  died  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Aug.  11,  1862. 

J.  P.  Knowls,  deserted,  Jan.  30,  1862. 

J.  Klinginsrnith,  discharged,    Nov.  15,   1863. 

E.  J.  Lewis,  appointed  first  sergeant,  March  2,  1863,  and  commissary 
sergeant,  June  16,  1863. 

Win.  R.  Meeks. 

G.  A.  Miller,  appointed  corporal,  Nov.  22,  1862. 

E.  Metcalf,  wounded  in  action,  April  6,  1862. 

T.  McDannel,  died  of  disease,  Nov.  21,  1863. 

J.  F.  Pucket,  discharged,  Feb.  28,  1863. 

S.  S.  llussel,  deserted,  Oct.  7,  1862. 

J.  R.  Roberts.  ..  1 

A.  Roggers.  ;; 

J.  Redrick,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

Joe  Roggers,  discharged,  Feb.  17,  1863. 

T.  Shepperd. 

T.  S.  Stewart. 

J.  W.  Salter. 

J.  B.  Smith,  appointed  first  sergeant,  Sept.  17, 1862,  promoted  to  second 
lieutenant,  Jan.  20,  1863,  was  wounded  in  action,  Nov.  25,  1863. 

J.  M.  Trimmer,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862. 

W.  L.  Williams,  appointed  fourth  corporal,  June  1,  1863. 

G.  W.  Williams. 

Henry  Warner,  died,  July  20,  1862. 

Wni.  Watkins,  transferred  from  Company  "I,"  June  5,  1863. 

J.  Gibson,  appointed  first  corporal,  March  1,  1863. 

J.  F.  Gill. 

J.  W.  Cain,  discharged,  Nov.  15,  1862.,  of  wounds  received  in  action, 
April  6,  1862, 

R.  M.  Humble,  transferred  from  Company  "  B,"  June  1,  1861,  and  dis 
charged,  March  13,  1862, 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 
BERKELEY 


Return  to  desk  from  which  borrowed. 
This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


SEtfTON  ILL 

JAN  1  0  1995 

U.  C.  BERKELEY 
SENtONILL 

FEB  2  8  2001 

U.C.  BERKELEY 


, '47  (A5702sl6)476 


YB  37808 


THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 


